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Nyquist Rate Analog-to-Digital Converters – Flash Converter – Stephan Henzler Mixed-Signal-Electronics 2012/13 226
implemented as parallel connection of 2 unit resistors Stephan Henzler Mixed-Signal-Electronics 2012/13 Flash Converter Generate all switching thresholds in parallel and compare them to input voltage in parallel very fast, but high effort in terms of power, area, noise generation, clock distribution, input buffering high speed applications with moderate resolution 227
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Mixed-Signal-Electronics PD Dr.-Ing
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Stephan’s ambition for this cours
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Administratives Lecture: Stephan He
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The Macroscopic World is Purely Ana
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Topics of MSE Course Structure of
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Recommended Literature Analog Integ
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Constraints of Mixed Signal Circuit
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Generic Structure of Mixed-Signal S
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Representation of Discrete Time Sig
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Inverse Z-Transformation Methods f
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Representation of Discrete Time Sig
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low-pass low-pass low-pass Aliasing
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amplitude fsampling = 1 f signal,2
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Anti Aliasing Filter No brick wall
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Practical Sampling: Sample & Hold
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Xsh(!) = ¡ 1 j!¿ Sampling with Fi
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generalization X(s) = Relation Betw
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Downsampling II Mathematically dow
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Upsampling Stephan Henzler Mixed-Si
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Fractional Sample Rate Conversion
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Example for Simple Anti Aliasing Fi
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Transistor Description (for hand ca
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Chapter 2 Sample and Hold Circuits
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Sample & Hold Circuit Stephan Henzl
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Sample & Hold: Clock Feed-Through 3
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5. 6. Clock jitter Sample & Hold Ci
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Impact of Jitter on S&H Performance
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Noise due to jitter: Jitter Effect
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S&H with Correlated Double Sampling
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Noise of Sampled Signals: kT/C-Nois
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Closed Loop Track & Hold Circuit 1
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Closed Loop Track & Hold Circuit 3
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Summary Sample & Hold Circuits Step
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Resistor Realizations in MOS Techno
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Resistor Realizations in MOS Techno
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Switched Capacitor Resistor Emulati
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Resistor Equivalents Stephan Henzle
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Parameter Variations in SC Circuits
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Implementation of Integrated Capaci
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Vertical Parallel Plate Capacitor S
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Limitations of SC-Equivalence Steph
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Limitations of SC-Equivalence Switc
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Switched Capacitor Integrators Step
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z-Transformation Approximation on
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Analysis of Switched-Capacitor Circ
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Impact of Parasitic Capacitances C
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Switched Capacitor Amplifier Stepha
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SC Amplifier: Output Signal Stephan
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Superposition Theorem in SC Circuit
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Ideal Digital-to-Analog Conversion
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DAC Gain Error Stephan Henzler Mixe
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Ideal Analog-to-Digital Conversion
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Quantization in A/D-Converters Step
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Quantization in A/D-Converters Sig
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ADC Gain Error Stephan Henzler Mixe
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Non-Linearity in Data Converters St
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Nonlinearity in Data-Converters Ste
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DAC Nonlinearity: Differential Nonl
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ADC Nonlinearity: Integral Nonlinea
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Dynamic ADC Measurement ADC conver
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Harmonic Distortion Caused by Nonli
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Effective Number of Bits An ideal
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Other Useful Figures in Mixed-Signa
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Non-Linearity Gain Compression Co
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Superposition of Two Frequencies St
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Non-Linearity Cross Modulation Co
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Non-Linearity Intermodulation Two
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Non-Linearity: Further Reading Rec
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Chapter 5 Nyquist Rate Digital-to-A
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max value bus voltage follower stri
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Elmore Delay (cont.): Path Resistan
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Elmore Delay (cont): Delay Approxim
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Stephan Henzler Mixed-Signal-Electr
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Normalized Delay 300 250 200 150 10
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Stephan Henzler Mixed-Signal-Electr
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Monotonicity in Binary Weighted DAC
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Implementation of Binary Weighted D
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High number of bits - large area Hi
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R-2R-Ladder Network Stephan Henzler
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SC-Amplifier with Controllable Capa
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Thermometer Code Converters (method
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Hybrid Converter Architectures Step
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Charge Scaling DAC Compatibel with
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Analog-to-Digital Converter Familie
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Dual-Slope Analog-to-Digital Conver
Page 175 and 176: Iterative Analog-to-Digital Convert
Page 177 and 178: Converter with Successive Approxima
Page 179 and 180: Converter with Successive Approxima
Page 181 and 182: Modified SAR Algorithm Stephan Henz
Page 183 and 184: Charge Redistribution SAR Converter
Page 185 and 186: Charge Redistribution SAR Converter
Page 187 and 188: Hybrid SAR Converters Search can b
Page 189 and 190: Detailed SAR Architecture Let’s
Page 191 and 192: Binary Weighted SAR Stephan Henzler
Page 193 and 194: Algorithmic Analog-to-Digital Conve
Page 197 and 198: Illustration in Robertson Diagram 2
Page 201 and 202: Voltage Doubling in Algorithmic Con
Page 203 and 204: Voltage Doubling in Algorithmic Con
Page 205 and 206: Pipelined ADC 1 Going for pipeline
Page 207 and 208: High-Speed ADC: Pipeline Processing
Page 209 and 210: Impact of Comparator Offset on ADC
Page 211 and 212: Impairments in SAR Algorithms Find
Page 213 and 214: Redundant SAR Algorithms Stage qua
Page 215 and 216: Subranging Principle quantization e
Page 217 and 218: Linear Model of Subranging ADC Step
Page 219 and 220: Linear Model of Subranging ADC Eff
Page 221 and 222: General Pipeline SAR ADC Stephan He
Page 223 and 224: Background Calibration for Stage Ga
Page 225: Summary Pipeline ADC Stage errors
Page 229 and 230: thermometer code one-hot code trans
Page 231 and 232: Bubble Correction in Flash Converte
Page 233 and 234: Interpolating Flash Converter Steph
Page 235 and 236: Kickback Effect Especially in flas
Page 237 and 238: Folding ADC: Operation Principle St
Page 239 and 240: High-Speed ADC: Parallel Processing
Page 241 and 242: Chapter 7 Comparators Stephan Henzl
Page 243 and 244: Static Characteristics of Comparato
Page 245 and 246: Operational Amplifier as Comparator
Page 247 and 248: Comparator Propagation Delay Linea
Page 249 and 250: Track & Latch Circuit I Stephan Hen
Page 251 and 252: Principle of Track-and-Latch Stage
Page 253 and 254: Latched Comparators I Standard arc
Page 255 and 256: Track & latch circuit: Latched Comp
Page 257 and 258: Current Mode (CML) Latch Combines
Page 259 and 260: Elimination of Memory Effect Prech
Page 261 and 262: Chapter 8 Oversampled Converters Si
Page 263 and 264: Linear Model of Quantization Noise
Page 265 and 266: Quantization Noise and Oversampling
Page 267 and 268: Feasibility of Oversampling Goal:
Page 269 and 270: First Order Noise Shaping Stephan H
Page 271 and 272: First Order Noise Shaping Stephan H
Page 273 and 274: Calculation of Signal-to-Noise Rati
Page 275 and 276: SC Implementation of 1. Order ΣΔ
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Comparison Nyquist Rate vs. SD AD N
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Calculation of Transfer Functions S
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Simulation with Matlab/Simulink Ste
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Output Spectrum of ΣΔ-Modulator f
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Input Level Dependent SNR 2. Order
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Tones Stephan Henzler Mixed-Signal-
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Dithering Reduce the risk of tones
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maximum noise peak Tones input DC l
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STF of 3. Order ΣΔ-Modulator Step
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Cascaded ΣΔ-Modulator (Multi stAg
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3. Order MASH Structure Stephan Hen
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hist(S1) 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000
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hist(S1) 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 -1 -0.8
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ΣΔ-Analog-to-Digital Conversion S
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Sinc-Filter Basic low-pass filter a
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Sinc Filter Transfer Functions Step
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Implementation of Sinc-Filter Steph
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ΣΔ-Digital-to-Analog Conversion S
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Continuous Time Sigma-Delta Convert
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Comparison of Discrete- and Continu
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Web References Murmann. VLSI Data
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