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Bursa copulatrix Epigynal opening (intromittent orifice) Tube to oviduct Epigastric furrow Fig. 3. Internal epigynum, dorsal view. posterior ends of the spermathecae and are not sclerotized (Fig. 3). The shape, size, and direction of the in- tromittent orifices, the shape of the sperma- thecae, and the simple convolutions of the bursae copulatrices are often useful specific characteristics. MORPHOLOGY AND DESCRIPTIONS The descriptions include the qualitative characteristics (color, general shape, dis- tribution of hair, genital structures, etc.), discontinuous quantitative characteristics (spination, cheliceral teeth, abdominal setae), and some other quantitative char-
acteristics (cephalic width index). Color. The following range of color is used to describe the spiders: (from lightest to darkest) white, creamy white, yellow- white, yellow, yellow-brown, yellow-orange, orange, orange-brown, red-brown, brown, purple-brown (usually non-sclerotized sur- faces), maroon, maroon-brown, brown- black, black. Most of these are modified by using "light," "dark," or "deep." But more important than the precise color is the relative color of different parts — i.e., the pattern. A leg may be described as orange- brown, and vary in the species from yellow- brown to red-brown, but if the tibia or leg I is described as lighter than the tibia of leg IV, it is usually a constant relationship. Hair and setae. The hairs on the cara- pace are usually simple, short hairs, al- though they are often somewhat longer in the cephalic region. Often there are plu- mose, feather-like hairs ( usually making up any longitudinal band of white hairs ) . The [Begin Page: Figs. 4-5, Page 177]
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The following text is generated fro
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Index 324 ABSTRACT A new subfamily,
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Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 138(5) : 16
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clubionids. (3) The posterior media
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[Begin Page: Page 165] Castianeirin
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perficially resembles that of Micor
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Specialization has also led to many
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vanced characters; the taxon's "pri
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olus is spirally twisted, e.g., C.
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polyphyletic origin of the genus. M
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latter pattern is apparently found
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nomic stand-by of arachnologists. T
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cles. The size of the spider may in
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ph>letic groupings — the subfamil
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nonia, cuhana, peregrina, and cinct
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west (see Map 6). Several other spe
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The characteristics and measurement
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egion and a thoracic region (Fig. l
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66. The carapace and sternum indice
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ally. Femur IV width: the maximum w
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Abdomen width : maximum width of th
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within a species. In the pedipalps
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one or more loops. Often there is a
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moderate, moderately strong, or str
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[Begin Page: Fig. 6, Page 178] 178
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was made to indicate hirsuteness or
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classification in this revision is
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Generous financial support from Har
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Carapace and abdomen hairless or co
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mately equal or anterior median eye
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Thargalia Karsch, 1880, Z. Ges. Nat
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many of the more bizarre genera hav
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Castiancira zionis Ghamberlin and W
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197 32-38) (Fig. 139) (Mexico) azte
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talia (Fig. 201) (Panama) — . tri
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with an extra convolution in the ma
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and white plumose hairs (often in h
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31a. Carapace very wide (carapace i
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Abdomen with dense plumose hair (wh
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6b. External epigynal openings semi
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15a. 15b. 16a. 16b. 17a. 17b. 18a.
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Abdomen with two horizontal bands c
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(possibly plorans') lachrymosa p. A
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27a. Apical chehceral "rake" with f
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34a. Small (carapace length 1.50-1.
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40a. Carapace covered with white ha
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domen and similar spermathecae. Hen
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Corinna media Banks, 1896, Trans. A
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of abdominal setae very thin. Stern
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own, anterior dorsal sclerite; cove
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Diagnosis. Castianeira longipalpiis
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oak and beech-maple forests of the
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abdomen width 1..55 mm, 1.25-1.55 m
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drawn out into a long neck with a s
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Femora red-brown (yellow at distal
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Measurements. Based on 10 males: ca
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hairs; patella IV dark red-browoi;
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192 Bulletin Museum of Comparative
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in the oak forest of the Chiricahua
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median longitudinal band, followed
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thickness index 28, 2^31; leg lengt
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globose spermathecae narrowing to m
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Measurements. Based on one female h
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globose spermathecae having posteri
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Femur IV length 2.15 mm; femur IV \
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Records. New Mexico. Bernalillo Co.
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Stemimi reddish orange-browm with v
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light beaded stripes from both ends
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Natural history. Nothing is known o
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sclerite. Anterior pair of abdomina
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Thoracic groove fairly strong. [Beg
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The extreme differences in genitali
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Description. Carapace orange-brown,
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thick necks (Fig. 38). Diagnosis. C
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82; dorsal sclerite width 0.8.5-1.3
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C. crocata differs from the descrip
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Zool. 86(7) :446, pi. 17, figs. 228
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and distal to large promargin tooth
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(Fig. 58). Epigastric sclerite oran
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sible that this is a mutillid mimic
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abdomen width 2.90 mm, 2.80-2.90 mm
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Chelicerae brown with two moderate
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to the longipalpus group, but its d
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own ventral sclerite from epigastri
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Femur IV length 2.20-2.50 mm; femur
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IV each with a broad white hair ( a
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index 78, 74-78. Abdomen length 3.8
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apophysis. Tarsus with a globose ge
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\\ith tarsus brown and ends of tibi
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MAP 5 A Castianeira vulnerea A C. w
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NEW SYNONYMY. Thargalia fallax Bank
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Abdomen oval, with an almost full,
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moderately strong. Abdomen oval, wi
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very small) and the absence of a wh
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Figures 96-99, 113-115. Map 5. Holo
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the median to the middle of the abd
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( cephalic width index 56-61 ) and
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Natural history. This species has b
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in black. Carapace narrows in head
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IV width 0.80-0.85 mm; leg thicknes
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its distinctive abdominal pattern.
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ed-brown, dorsal sclerite and a bla
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Femur IV length 2.30-2.85 mm; femur
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openings widely separated (Fig. 63)
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type: carapace length 2.10 mm; cara
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Pedipalp with a small, blunt, tibia
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than the retromargin teeth; a very
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Novit. No. 1290:6, figs. 27-29, i,
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Chelicerae dark yellow, with two mo
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horizontal stripes on abdomen.) Ste
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actually a Micaria; therefore a new
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[Begin Page: Page 220] 220 Bulletin
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Measurements. Based on 10 females:
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yellow, with darker tibia and metat
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Frontispiece. Figures 100-103, 116-
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MALE Measurements. Based on 10 male
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Coxa I light brown, coxae II, III,
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posterior pair shorter and fairly t
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Natural history. Castianeira cingid
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Reinarks. This group is restricted
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width index 58) and smoothly trunca
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Castianciia nanclla Gertsch, 1933,
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distal one slightly longer) and two
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fifths the length of the abdomen) a
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collected in the dry grass and mesq
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[Begin Page: Page 227] Castianeirin
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Abdomen length 2.85-4.30 mm; abdome
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Natural history. The type locality
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Embolus length 0.11 mm; bulb length
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and fairly short embolus (Figs. 174
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No denticle present. Coxae I, II, a
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Measurements. Based on holotype and
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teeth; with a very small denticle j
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Chelicerae red-brown, with two mode
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carapace carapace carapace length 2
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index 80, 7S-83. Femur IV length 2.
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FEMALE Measurements. Based on 5 fem
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[Begin Page: Page 233] Castianeirix
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Measurements. Based on one male hol
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spination : .3-2. Pedipalp with a m
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margin teeth, the distal one larger
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Measurements. Based on holotype and
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two promargin teeth, the distal one
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laterally at middle and at posterio
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dominal spots vary in length and wi
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horizontal white spots, and a poste
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Castianeira truncata Kraus, 1955, A
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III yellow, and coxa IV yellow-brow
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Casf/ane;ra dubia (O. P.-Cambridge)
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ed-brown inframammilliary sclerite.
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index 68, 71-77. Abdomen length 4.6
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distal orange tips, metatarsus dark
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MALE Measurements. Based on one mal
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II red-brown (darker on sides), lig
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[Begin Page: Page 241] Castianeirin
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all of I\' orange-brown. Tibia I ve
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Chelicerae orange-brown, with two m
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C. rica makes a slightly oval, disc
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strong. Abdomen a long oval, with a
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5 females, holotype listed first, r
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Coxae all brown. Trochanter IV notc
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Records. COSTA RICA. Turrialba. PAN
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inframammilliaiy sclerite. Sternum
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female whose non-genitalic characte
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Measurements. Based on 9 males: car
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except a yellow-brown tarsus. Legs
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Castianeirinae of North and Central
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length 1.7.5-2.40 mm), with a carap
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egion (cephalic width index 66-70)
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dorsal sclerite length 1.35-1.85 mm
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Diafinosis. C. cuhana differs from
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follows: carapace length 2.05 mm, 1
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IV notch small. Femora I and II lig
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cephalic region (cephalic width ind
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lighter) and its distinctive embolu
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Description. Carapace dark red-brow
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Diagnosis. C. ahueJita differs from
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abdomen index 61, 61; dorsal scleri
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with the anterior median eyes large
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tion Figures 190-193, 266, 267. Map
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teeth, the distal one slightly larg
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phalic width index 54-58) and round
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Remarks. The presence of a thoracic
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Abdomen a wide oval, wider posterio
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Abdomen length 2.40 mm, 1.95-2.40 m
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External epigynum with low, flared
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Embolus length 0.03 mm; bulb length
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Pedipalp with a short, blunt, tibia
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and distal to the larger promargin
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Characteristics. Two rows of eyes,
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egion, red-brown posterior thoracic
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MALE Measurements. Based on lectoty
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moderate retromargin teeth and two
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0.65 mm. Description. Carapace red-
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drawn out into moderately thin post
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apposition based on the name of a P
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denticle just distal and slightly m
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