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t- Review ofLiterature Table (3) Characteristics of Human plsam Lipoproteins Vartable Chylomicron VLDL lDL lOL HDL Lp(a) Density (glml)
Lipoprotein (a) as an atherogenic factor: Review ofLiterature Apolipoprotein (a) is a glycoprotein that is present in Lp(a) and has close structural homology with plasminogen (McLean et al., 1987). Both genes (of apolipoprotein (a) and plasminogen) are closely linked on the long arm of chromosome 6 (Frank et al., 1988) . These give suggestive evidence that the close homology ofLp(a) with plasminogen results in competitive inhibition of the fibrinolytic properties of plasminogen (Miles et al., 1989 and Harpel ct al., 1989). Competition of Lp(a) with plasminogen for binding to endothelial cells results in strongly down-regulated activation ofcell surface-bound plasminogen by tissue plasmiogen activator (t-PA), suggesting that Lp(a) may predispose to thrombotic complications (Edelberg et al., 1990). Association of Lp(a) to different conditions: 1. Cardiovascular diseases: The suggestion that Lp(a) might be a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases goes back to the observations ofDahlen et al. (1972) who found that individuals with angina pectoris exhibit an extra pre-B band In lipoprotein electrophoresis far more frequently than the control group. In a series of subsequent reports, attempts were make to prove the identity of pre-B lipoprotein with Lp(a) and further to provide evidence that Lp(a) positive individuals are at a higher risk for atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases and myocardial infarction (Heiberg et at, 1974; Dahlen et al., 1976). It is now proved beyond doubt that Lp(a) is a potential independent risk factor for premature cardiovascular altherogenic disease (Berg et al., 1992). Accumulation of Lp(a) has been found in atherosclerotic lesions and it is now believed to be an atherogenic lipoprotein, elevated plasma levels greater than 30 mg/dl in humans appear to be associated with an 66
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT Above all and first
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List of Abbreviations : Apolipoprot
Page 8 and 9:
INTRODUCTION AND AIM OF THE WORK
Page 10 and 11:
Aim of The Work Aim ofthe work Is t
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I . HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS IN PREGN
Page 15:
-f Etiology of Preeclampsia Review
Page 18 and 19:
Pathogenesis of preeclampsia Revi
Page 20 and 21:
-.-- Review ofLiterature Changes in
Page 22 and 23:
--f' -,- Review ofLiterature clinic
Page 24 and 25: Review ofLiterature and is consider
Page 27 and 28: Review ofLiterature next pregnancy
Page 29 and 30: Review ofLiterature On the other ha
Page 31 and 32: Review ofLiterature which is define
Page 34 and 35: 1. Gestational hypertension (withou
Page 36: Review ofLiterature However, severe
Page 40 and 41: Review ofLiterature It is an indica
Page 42: Review ofLiterature above hemodynam
Page 45: Review ofLiterature patients (Nahee
Page 49: Proteinuria and microalbuminuria :
Page 55: Review ofLiterature peptides includ
Page 58 and 59: .... -,:-" Review ofLiterature a. T
Page 60 and 61: .... 'I, - 2. Occular complications
Page 62 and 63: ,- - 6. HELLP syndrome: ReviewofLit
Page 64 and 65: II. Maternal mortality: Review ofLi
Page 66: Review ofLiterature Management of p
Page 70 and 71: i- Review ofLiterature 5. High dens
Page 73: unesterified Apoliporobein choleste
Page 77 and 78: Review ofLiterature the last trimes
Page 79 and 80: Review ofLiterature small vessels o
Page 81: Patients and Methods Patients and M
Page 89 and 90: ." ' (Table 8) Measurement against
Page 91: ." (Table 12) Calculation: Obtain t
Page 97 and 98: ]RESULTS
Page 99 and 100: Results The data was gathered and s
Page 101: Results There was a significant dif
Page 105 and 106: Control Mild PIH Severe group PIH (
Page 107 and 108: Control Mild PIH Severe group PIH Q
Page 109: .,. DISCUSSION
Page 113 and 114: Discussion uric acid unfortunately
Page 115 and 116: -··f Summary and Conclusions Summ
Page 118 and 119: ,. RECOMMENDATIONS
Page 120 and 121: 'W'.. REFEQ.ENCES
Page 122: References • Beckette G.L. (1998)
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References • Cunningham F.G; Mac
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References • Dekker G.A.; devries
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References • Heiberg A.; Richard
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References • Lin M.S., Me Nay J.
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References • Minawi M.; Shoukry M
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References • Schiff E.; Pelec E.
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References • Taylor R.N. Heilbron
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References • Weinstein M. (1985):
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