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28 I Bhai Vir Singh completecontroloftheKhalsaTractSociety. Heisamember ofthecouncil ofthe Khala College...Though Vir Singhwas originally a man of no position he seems to have acquired for himself the position of Guru and obeisance has been done to him even by Sirdar Sunder Singh. He may safely be regarded as a zealous neo-Sikh and thoroughly anti British. l l[ 1. D. Petrie, AssistantDirector, Criminal Intelligence, Governmentoflndia, Secret Memorandum on Recent Developments in Sikh Politics, 1911, quoted irl Panjab Past and Present. October 1970, pp. 354-55. Page 36 of 108
CHAPTER THREE Punjabi Tractarian Movement Father of Modem Punjabi Literature / 29 Bhai Vir Singh wished to set himself up independently in sometrade andwasnotattractedbytheofferofgovernment service. He decided finally to start a printing press--a scheme Which fell in with the larger purpose he had in his mind. In collaboration with his friend Wazir Singh, he established a lithograph press in Amritsar in 1892. It was called Wazir-i Hind Press after the name of his partner, he himself characteristically remaining in anonymity. The press prospered and became the largest establishment of his kind in the city. All of Bhai Vir Singh's works were printed here. The following year he founded the Khalsa Tract Society. The idea probably came from the example of similar Christian institutions which had been in existence in India for some timefor thepropagationoftheGospel. In 1848hadbeenformed in Agra the Christian Tract and Book Society, on the model of the Religious Tract Society in London, by Dr Karl Gottlieb Pifander, missionary to the Muslim world, who had written and published through it his well-knownMizan-ul-Haqq, the Balance of Truth, a defence of Christianity against Muslim objections. 1 An American Tract Society and a Bible Society also existed for which literature was printed at the Lodiana Mission Press. A separate Bible and Tract Society was constituted for the Punjab in 1863. 1. See 1.1. Lucas, History ofthe North India Christian Tract and Book Society, Allahabad, pp.1-8. Page 37 of 108
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Page 7 and 8: Contents 1. The Milieu." 1 2. Ances
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