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Accommodation possibilities need to be examined in terms of the place of residence or
adjacent settlements. Maximum use needs to be made of the citizens’ residential space
and material goods, and public facilities along with planning and preparing special
locations. Preparation must be detailed (including inspections of households and their
potential and identifying appropriate solutions in cooperation with local authorities).
Th is is required because the number of aff ected persons - population to be evacuated
and the existing 120,000 refugees and displaced persons - may exceed 50% of the total
population. Companies, authorities and organizations need to be involved in the overall
relief of evacuees.
Possible air-raids call for blackout in order to reduce bombing effi ciency.
Auxiliary power sources need to be provided by electric power producing and distribution
companies and through internal power sources (for companies which cannot stop
production in spite of total blackout), while strictly observing this protection measure.
Apart from short-acting agents, this assessment does not foresee the use of other, nuclear/
chemical/biological weapons. Attention is drawn nevertheless to the need for specifi c
radiological-chemical-biological protection. Th is need will be particularly pronounced in
municipalities threatened by possible chemical accidents as well as municipalities likely
to feel the eff ect of such accidents.
Th is protection and rescue measure requires in particular the planning of
- chemical and biological control (reconnaissance) of the territory;
- laboratory analyses;
- personal and collective protection measures;
- protection of animals and foodstuff s of animal origin;
- DDDD 69 measures.
All these measures include the check-up of equipment and resources for their
implementation.
In such conditions, no special preventive protection is possible from destruction. Instead,
special units need to be organized for rescue from ruins and for the clearing of ruins.
Fire protection measures in both preventive and operational terms are particularly
important because of the fi re load of specifi c buildings and spaces, possible fi re breakout
and propagation and, especially, in cases where incendiary weapons are used. Considering
the relatively limited possibility to organize fi re-fi ghting units because of the small
number of professional and voluntary fi remen, and properly trained persons, the small
number and obsolescence of fi re-fi ghting engines, equipment and fi re extinguishing
agents, particular attention needs to be paid to fi re prevention measures. Th ey include,
conditionally, the storage of infl ammable and explosive materials in residential, industrial
and other buildings, the removal of unnecessary infl ammable materials from cellars
and attics, provision of barrels fi lled with soil and water reserves, regular fi lling and
maintenance of fi re-extinguishing equipment, and preventive operations in forests. All
these steps can be implemented by citizens through personal and mutual protection,
69 Decontamination
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