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Batnoga - Cetingrad road and hit the “Stara Straža” depot near Knin. Eleven MiG-21s were committed in the strikes. An Mi-24 helicopter was engaged successfully for anti-armour combat: it attacked Serbian positions and armour along the Sisak - Moščenica road. Th e eff ect of the strike against Serbian armour at Kamensko is not known. Th ree MiG-21s were engaged for air defence in the Ivanić Grad and Sinj zone. Five Mi-8 helicopters transported 7 wounded men, 231 troops and 15.5 tons of payload. Five MiG-21s were lightly damaged in action. 450 On 6 August HRZ aircraft destroyed a multiple rocket launcher and several tanks in the area between Babina Gora and Velika Brda, neutralized a number of tanks at Marinbrod, neutralized a command post and mortar positions at Brezova Glava, and destroyed a bridge at Mala Glina. An Mi-24 anti-armour helicopter destroyed 2 tanks north of Slunj at the hamlet of Kozlina. Two MiG-21s patrolled the Ivanić Grad zone, but failed to intercept two lowfl ying Republika Srpska aircraft because of heavy haze. Th ree Mi-8 helicopters transported 19 wounded troops and 2.5 tons of payload. 451 On the fourth day of the operation, 7 August, the HRZ reported the neutralization of the command post at Srb, the destruction of several tanks at Medeno Polje near Bosanski Petrovac and the destruction of a depot in Lička Kaldrma. 452 Th e aircraft also carried out a demonstration overfl ight of Serbian units refusing to surrender in the area of Topusko - Žirovec. 453 Th e last HRZ action took place on 8 August. It reported the destruction of several tanks on the Bosanski Novi railway station and the destruction of a small armoured column at Svodne on the Bosanski Novi - Prijedor road. Two MiG-21s were lightly damaged. 454 Th e impact of the SVK Air Force and Air Defence was insignifi cant. Its main units were the 105 th Air Brigade and the Air Defence 44 th Rocket Brigade. Th e Air Brigade was supposed to support the North Dalmatian and the Lika Corps. Helicopters were prepared for anti-armour action on call. On the fi rst day of Storm the brigade carried out several strikes against Croatian forces on Mount Dinara and against Gospić. On 5 August it began to move to the VRS Zalužani airport near Banja Luka and completed the operation by the evening on 6 August. 455 Th e SVK Air Force and Air Defence focused on protecting Knin, the Udbina airbase and the Special Unit Corps at Slunj. One rocket battalion of the Air Defence 44 th Rocket Brigade was deployed in the area of Šamarica and prepared the attack on Sisak, Sunja and Nebojan; aft er the start of Storm, it fi red eight rockets on these localities. Th ose were also the last rockets fi red. According to Serbian sources, the Croatian Air Force did not manage to reach the area protected by the KUB-M rocket system. 456 450 MORH, GSHV: HRZ and PZO command, cl. 8/95-01/09, reg. no. 3044-14-95-62 of 5 August 1995; Regular battle report. 451 MORH, GSHV: HRZ and PZO command, cl. 8/95-01/09, reg. no. 3044-14-95-81 of 6 August 1995; Regular battle report. 452 MORH, GSHV: HRZ and PZO command, cl. 813-07/95-01/04, reg. no. 3044-14-95-192 of 17 August 1995; Analysis. 453 MORH, GSHV: HRZ and PZO command, cl. 8/95-01/09, reg. no. 3044-14-95-101 of 7 August 1995; Report. 454 MORH, GSHV: HRZ and PZO command, cl. 8/95-01/09, reg. no. 3044-14-95-106 of 8 August 1995; Analysis. MORH, GSHV: HRZ and PZO command, cl. 813-07/95-01/04, reg. no. 3044-14-95-192 of 17 August 1995; Analysis. 455 M. Sekulić, “Knin je pao u Beogradu” (Knin Fell in Belgrade), 240-245. 456 M. Sekulić, “Knin je pao u Beogradu” (Knin Fell in Belgrade), 242-246. In his overview of Storm Sekulić frequently claimed that NATO had helped the Croatian armed forces. Th ere is no proof supporting such a claim, and it only refl ects a world view which saw an anti-Serbian conspiracy in everything. 140
Conclusion Th e Croatian Air Force and Air Defence participated in Operation Storm with “all their forces, and operated from all airports and air strips in the Republic of Croatia”. 457 In its combat overview, the Air Force Command stated that “the Air Force had a decisive and in some parts of the theatre even a crucial impact on the outcome of operation by its actions against enemy communications centres, command posts and depots, and, later on, by fi re support of HV and police units”. 458 Th e assessment may appear to be exaggerated, but the main mission was accomplished because the Air Force prevented all signifi cant action by Serbian aircraft from the air bases at Udbina and Mahovljani near Banja Luka. Both the Air Force and the Air Defence had no losses either in manpower or aircraft . Eleven planes were damaged, one of them heavily and disabled for a longer time. Th e other damage was slight and the aircraft soon resumed their mission. Planned fi re support was provided by twelve attack MiG-21s and one anti-armour Mi-24; the aircraft fl ew altogether 67 sorties and delivered 8.6 tons of weapons. Fift een MiG-21s fl ew fi re support missions on call with 55 sorties and 27.4 tons of weapons. Th e Mi-24 helicopter fl ew three sorties and delivered seven anti-armour guided rockets, 30 non-guided rockets and 400 machine-gun rounds. One Mi-24 helicopter, two MiG-21s and one An-2 fl ew seven air space reconnaissance sorties. Four fi ghter MiG-21s fl ew 50 sorties on air defence missions. Eleven transport Mi-8 helicopters fl ew 111 sorties, transporting 84.7 tons of payload and 485 troops. 459 MiG-21 of the Croatian Air Force 457 MORH, GSHV: HRZ and PZO command, cl. 813-07/95-01/04, reg. no. 3044-14-95-192 of 17 August 1995; Analysis. 458 MORH, GSHV: HRZ and PZO command, cl. 813-07/95-01/04, reg. no. 3044-14-95-192 of 17 August 1995; Analysis. 459 Ibid. 141
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Davor Marijan S T O R M 1
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Davor Marijan S T O R M Zagreb, Aug
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Editor’s introd
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EDITOR’S INTRODUCTION EDITOR’S
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why something was done in a specifi
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material, the reminiscences of Gene
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logical and that is was organized b
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ordered the Flight/; Večernje novo
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In addition to the comment that “
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- the population was signifi cantly
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General Staff had traditionally cou
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However, aft er the Split Agreement
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military support to the RSK. Specif
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warrant the conclusion that Croatia
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war. But, it is certain that they c
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Of course, this does not disprove t
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Croatian soldiers (guardsmen) 34
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36 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .
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(Croatian soldiers, 6 August 1995 (
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y infl uential Croatian politicians
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42 THE BATTLEFIELD AND THE BELLIGER
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Th e Croatian Air Force and Air Def
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46 THE SERBIAN REBELLION IN CROATIA
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helmets”. 35 Th ey brought relati
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standstill the Croatian Army was se
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attacks against the RSK. Th e Lika
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54 CROATIAN FORCE OPERATIONS IN LIV
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Th is was quite true, because the m
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Croatian guardsmen between Mali Ša
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of UNPROFOR. In his letter to Boutr
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62 THE SECOND BIHAĆ CRISIS On 11 J
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64 THE CROATIAN RESPONSE TO THE SEC
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to 8 days; guarantee of civil safet
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July noted that on the previous eve
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70 WAR PLANS (DEFENCE PLANS AND PLA
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Under the pressure of Croatian atta
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Croatian Navy units received orders
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Knin (the fortress), 5 August 1995
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HVO 3 rd Guards Brigade with the Se
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1 st and 4 th Light Brigades, the 2
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of access to Benkovac. 177 Along th
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Bribirske Mostine line on the way t
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88 Conclusion Th e Split Corps Dist
Page 90 and 91: 90 SPECIAL MUP RH UNITS IN OPERATIO
Page 92 and 93: Medak at about 2000 hours and then,
Page 94 and 95: Special Police units of the Croatia
Page 96 and 97: 96 THE GOSPIĆ CORPS DISTRICT The m
Page 98 and 99: 98 Execution of the Operation Th e
Page 100 and 101: day they reached the planned line:
Page 102 and 103: Th e 138 th Home Guard Regiment pus
Page 104 and 105: Croatian soldiers (Guardsmen) 104 C
Page 106 and 107: 106 KARLOVAC CORPS DISTRICT Accordi
Page 108 and 109: and prevent deeper penetration on t
Page 110 and 111: 104 th Brigade, the Serbs committed
Page 112 and 113: decided to engage units of the 110
Page 114 and 115: order from Pašin Potok to the vill
Page 116 and 117: 116 Conclusion Th e mission of the
Page 118 and 119: Pontoon Battalion and the 1 st Sisa
Page 120 and 121: Before the start of the operation,
Page 122 and 123: order of the President of the Repub
Page 124 and 125: Bačuga. On the Petrinja - Jabukova
Page 126 and 127: advance the fl anks and the rear of
Page 128 and 129: Petrova Gora, swept by the MUP RH S
Page 130 and 131: in the night of 6/7 August and orde
Page 132 and 133: Colonel Čedo Bulat, commander of t
Page 134 and 135: 134 BJELOVAR CORPS DISTRICT Aft er
Page 136 and 137: the 125 th Home Guard Regiment capt
Page 138 and 139: 138 Conclusion Th e Bjelovar Corps
Page 142 and 143: 142 ARBiH FIFTH CORPS IN STORM With
Page 144 and 145: Th e Joint Staff of the Army of the
Page 146 and 147: 146 Southern Th eatre During Storm
Page 148 and 149: 148 RESPONSE OF THE SVK SLAVONIA-BA
Page 150 and 151: 150 UNCRO, UN AND INTERNATIONAL REA
Page 152 and 153: 152 OVERVIEW OF THE OPERATION A pro
Page 154 and 155: On 10 August the Chief of the HV Ge
Page 156 and 157: the liberation of Knin, all that re
Page 158 and 159: order of the Republic of Croatia th
Page 160 and 161: 160 “ETHNIC CLEANSING” OR SELF-
Page 162 and 163: On the fi rst day of Storm the deci
Page 164 and 165: 164 To Croatian citizens of Serbian
Page 166 and 167: 166 CONCLUSION There have been quit
Page 168 and 169: 168 REFERENCES Balkan Battlegrounds
Page 170 and 171: 170 Books: AUTHOR’S BIOGRAPHY Dav
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Page 174 and 175: 174
Page 176 and 177: Th e documents in the second chapte
Page 178 and 179: 178 CONTENTS APPENDIX 1 - PLANS OF
Page 180 and 181: 9 1994, 20 November: Regular combat
Page 182 and 183: 7 1994, 1 February: Report of the O
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Page 186 and 187: Article 2 As of the date of entry i
Page 188 and 189: 188 3 1991, 16 May Knin Decision of
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a single political and territorial
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VI Th erefore, aft er the failed at
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should not give cause to confl icts
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VIII Cooperation in health and welf
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Such an act violates the basic inte
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200 ____________________ Offi cial
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10. Agreement on the realization of
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the Gornji Vakuf - Konjic axis, and
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est from our brothers and not what
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208 17 1994, 18 August Proposal of
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210 1. CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE EXIST
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Th is will create favourable condit
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Th e commitment of SVK forces under
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Operational implementation of the m
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idgehead created earlier to off ens
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(3) 105 th air brigade: Collect by
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[...] To put it simply, the peaceke
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(...) Th e SVK is expected to inspi
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shall operate throughout Croatia. W
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Th e proposal according to which th
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230 23 1995, 18 May Borovo Selo Par
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Th erefore, territorial integrity,
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No. 01-02-41/1-95 President of the
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236 30 1995, 30 July Knin From the
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Chief of the HV General Staff Gener
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tarian aid for the survivors. Th ro
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UNPROFOR units on the ground, and h
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efugees to the fact that rebel Serb
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Th at was certainly one of the most
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lockade of Bihać over several mont
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However, we fi nd it diffi cult to
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252 7 1994, 20 November Report of t
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254 11 1994, 27 November Oštrelj -
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- 60,000 rounds for AA weapons; - 5
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1995, 17 February Oštrelj - Petrov
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1. Hostile forces Th e Croatian Arm
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Black market trade with the (Army o
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264 26 1995, 11 June Knin Extraordi
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(...) 6. PERSONNEL AND ORGANIZATION
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Original, typewritten, Cyrillic scr
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3. Other issues: 1) Uncontrolled us
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272 35 1995, 26 July Report of the
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other. Th erefore, the total value
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276 36 1995, 26 July Communication
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the line Brkića Koplje - Visoka Gl
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280 41 1995, 31 July Vrhovine Th e
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282 43 1995, 3 August Report of the
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Dmitar Obradović, former security
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286
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fi ghting tank and the combi-van ha
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290 5 [Okučani, July] Letter of th
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1. Inform all authorized persons ab
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Th e population eligible for evacua
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296 A S S E S S M E N T OF THREAT A
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- Pakrac - Okučani, the most likel
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- inadequate preparation and equipp
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- 120,000 places in basic protectio
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specifi c services and employees in
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municipality. In other municipaliti
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308 11 1995, 11 May Knin Report of
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1995, 30 May Knin 310 12 Order of S
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Original, typewritten, Cyrillic scr
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2. Municipal civil defence staff s
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Original, typewritten, Latin script
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5. Surveillance and reporting servi
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To REGIONAL CIVIL DEFENCE STAFFS To
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Grahovo - Livanjsko Polje. Specifi
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Th e security system at all levels
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326
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328
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VI Police Forces in Krajina 330 VI.
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332 DRAFT AGREEMENT ON KRAJINA, SLA
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334 (b) Th e defence of the Republi
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to mitigate the evasion of taxes an
Page 338 and 339:
338 Chapter IV Participation of Kra
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340 PART TWO: ARRANGEMENTS CONCERNI
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342 PART THREE: COMMON PROVISIONS C
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2. All governmental organs and admi
Page 346 and 347:
346 Chapter XIII Special Constituti
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2. Th e amendments and legislation
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350 A N N E X B LIST OF HUMAN RIGHT
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352 Article 4 Competence Th e compe
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354 II. THE COMPETENCE AND THE POWE
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7. In accordance with the provision
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And you went to Knin? Yes, we came
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Prosecutor Nice: You then met him o
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Prosecutor Nice: What about the acc
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Prosecutor Nice: Did you respond to
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Prosecutor Nice: Let’s pause ther
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I briefed my diplomatic colleagues
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States, and that he absolutely had
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PROSECUTOR UERTZ-RETZLAFF: And when
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PROSECUTOR UERTZ-RETZLAFF: You have
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PROSECUTOR UERTZ-RETZLAFF: Yes. Who
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PROSECUTOR UERTZ-RETZLAFF: Did you
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PROSECUTOR UERTZ-RETZLAFF: “Us”
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BABIĆ: Th ey were integrated into
Page 384 and 385:
Croatian Memorial- Documentation Ce
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PoD pozadinski odred logistics squa
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ZZPO Zapovjedništvo Zbornog podru
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Đ Đerić Branko, 194, 196, Đinđ
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Stoltenberg Th orvald, 359 Stupar M
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Čista Mala, 212 Čista Velika, 83
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Ogulin, 40, 41, 73, 97, 106-108, 11
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398
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400
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