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Overlapping rocks are submitted, as a rule, by sandy loams and loams of Khvalynian age. N.A.Gvozdetsky (1981) refers the karst of this area to the covered type. At the same time there are also local sections of the open karst. They basically are characteristic of large karstic-erosive hollows of a superficial drain (Belaja, Pezcherskaja, Sharovskaja) and natural hollow Sharbulak. For the area of lake Baskunchack G.V.Korotkevich gives the size of karst forming activity - 3,25mm / year. The karstic relief of the area of lake vicinities develops from superficial and underground karstic forms. To superficial forms of karstic relief on the given area it is possible to include craters and hollows. The largest forms of the karstic superficial relief in the given area are karst-erosive hollows of a superficial drain. They are developed basically on the western part of the northern gypsum field. To underground forms of a karstic relief in the given area can be referred karstic wells and caves. To karstic wells vertical cavities connected to a zone of vertical descending circulation of karstic waters concern. The largest karstic cave of PriCaspian lowland is "Baskunchakskaya". According to the Saratov section of speleology the cave has the extent of 1480,0m, the maximal depth is about 32,0m, its volume is about 9400,0m3. It is situated on the northwest coast of Baskunchack in top reaches of the superficial drain Pezcernaja. Cave "Baskunchakskaja" has some inputs and concerns to the type of horizontal through (through passage) caves; it has been known for more than hundred years. It is actively visited nowadays. Golovachev I.V. describes three tens caves in gypsums with the extent of more than 10,0km., but only 7 of these caves are examined and there are published data about them. The accumulative plain adjoins to the lake Baskunchack. According the geomorphological expressiveness it is subdivided into two subtypes: gently-wavy which is deposited on the hypsometric level 0 - minus 10m and flat located on absolute marks from minus 10m up to minus 21,2m (isohypse, outlining the lake). The flat sinuosity of the plain of higher hypsometric level is caused by non-uniform accumulation of deposits, drifted from peneplains and the differentiated display of hydrochloric tectogenesis. From the surface the plain is combined by early Khvalynian adjournments which are blocked from above by dealluvial ones, with the impurity of chippings, brought from the mountain and adjoining to peneplains. The flat plain is a part of the lake bottom and is combined from a surface by oozy deposits of a lake origin with the impurity of small salt crystals. The width of accumulative plain varies from 3km in the settlement Nizchny Baskunchack is up to 0,5km in the southwest part. The relief is complicated with hollows of a drain which through peneplains cross the accumulative plain. Lake Baskunchack is a unique form of a relief - mould, filled with halogen type of deposits. Prior to the beginning of industrial development of salt the whole 12 surface of lake represented a dense salt layer. Geophysical investigation has shown that salt is deposited up to the depth of 600m, but deep from the surface it alternates with sand, clay. In the plan the lake has the wrong form with the general orientation in a northwest direction. The extent of the lake on the big axis is 18 km, the general area is 106 км2. The significant part of the lake area (60 %) as a result of salt extraction is occupied by broken zones. These zones represent sections from which salt is taken up to the depth of 8m. Broken zones are filled with brine with a mineralization of 300 g/l. Natural process of salt accumulation is broken.
C. ARGUMENTS FOR NOMINATING THE TERRITORY AS A EUROPEAN GEOPARK C.1. COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE TERRITORY'S POTENTIAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF GEOTOURISM Due to the considerable presence of sites with geological, naturalistic and archaeological interest, the Bogdinsko-Baskunchaksky reserve has notable potential for the development of Geotourism. The onservation and evaluation of the lithological and morphological characteristics takes on an important scientific value. These elements condition the geological evolution of the area. The area is well known in the tourist market because of the tourist resort Salty lake Baskunchak and not least the majestic mountain Bolhoe Bogdo. Optimum to use possibilities for tourism, the reserve cooperates with the scientific organisations which develop techniques for improvement of tourist activity. As for attraction of different tourist groups the reserve will organise a museum of natural history which exposition will be very interesting to visitors of reserve and will interest people of visitors for survey of sights. For financing of individual programs on protection of surrounding wildlife and geological objects the reserve co-operates with the various international organisations which are engaged in nature protection, such as WWF (the world fund of the wild nature). C.2. OVERVIEW OF THE EXISTING GEOINSTITUTION AND GEO-ACTIVITIES IN THE REGION OF THE GEOPARK The Bogdinsko-Baskunchaksky reserve throughout many years actively co-operates with the leading scientific organisations. These organisations carry out thematic scientific researches of geology, ecology of flora and reserve fauna. These researches are spent more than 10 years. Such scientific organisations co-operate with reserve as: the Astrakhan state university (research of flora, karstic caves), the Astrakhan state technical university (geological researches), the Russian university of friendship of the people (fauna research). Regularly carry out researches employees of zoological institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and biological institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The researches in the field of tourist activity in geopark territory are spent by Institute of ecology of the Volga pool of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The scientific organisations publish works which expand an outlook of scientific and practical knowledge of flora, to fauna and geopark geology. C.3. POLICIES FOR THE PROTECTION, ENHANCEMENT AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE GEOLOGICAL HERITAGE PRESENT IN THE TERRITORY. The reserve establishment has carried out numerous scientific researches rather. 13 The geological heritage of area also co-operated with the scientific organisations to make this heritage popular. To advance development Geotourism, Park in cooperation with municipalities and with the Agencies responsible for development of tourism, intends to involve tourist operators in initiatives which are promoting of geological and geomorphological extreme итуаций. The Park establishment develops long-term plans aimed at protection экосистемы reserve and its development. In conformity with principles of a sustainable development the establishment spends scientifically-practical conferences to which agenda questions of preservation of the environment and development of tourist and recreational activity enter. Also the reserve with its unique natural and geological complexes lets out a lot of printing and souvenir production with the logos and symbolics. C.4. THE TERRITORY'S INTEREST IN JOINING THE EUROPEAN GEOPARK NETWORK The Bogdinsko-Baskunchaksky reserve aspires to become a European Geopark because, besides having a unique geological heritage, has for years carried out a policy of sustainable development. It includes a number of geological sites of particular importance in terms of scientific quality, rarity, aestheticism and of educational value. The territory is not only important for its geology, it possesses an enormous rchaeological, ecological, historical and cultural heritage. The Park Institution intends to make use of the management results developed by the European Network of Geoparks, utilising the label and a common image of quality that emphasizes the valorisation of the geological heritage and the sustainable development. The Bogdinsko- Baskunchaksky reserve intends to collaborate with the European Network of Geoparks and with the local entrepreneurs to promote and support the creation and commercialization of new products connected with the geological heritage. The sites of the Bogdinsko-Baskunchaksky reserve will have their own website and will be safeguarded. The Institution of the Bogdinsko-Baskunchaksky reserve has an active role for the economic development and the valorisation of the territory and its heritage and is working for the development for geotourism. It has a positive influence on the quality of life of its inhabitants. This means that the residents are actively involved with the cultural revival of the territory. The Institution also promotes education on the environment, the formation and the development of Scientific Research in its various disciplines in the Science of the Earth, improving natural environment and encouraging Sustainable Development Policies.
Page 1 and 2: «Bogdinsko - Baskunchaksky» Geopa
Page 3 and 4: A. DEFINITION OF THE REGION BEING P
Page 5 and 6: B. SCIENTIFIC DESCRIPTION OF THE RE
Page 7 and 8: Karstic gypsums border a bowl of th
Page 9 and 10: crack through which it is possible
Page 11: they are expressed by clay - siltst
Page 15: 3. In the reserve sections on which

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