Applicatopn dossier for nomination as a European Geopark ...

avine, in the basis of a gypsum exposure. The cave is
submitted with tailrace channel. The general extent of
the cave is about 65m; its depth from the surface is
about 14m. It was found in 2001.
Cave Grelka. It is situated in the central part of the
northern gypsum field. The cave represents vertical,
opening on the surface, crack with the depth up to 12m
and width of 0,4-0,5m. At the bottom of the crack snow
is kept till the summer. Among similar and accessible to
passage cracks this cave is the deepest. It was found in
1988.
Cave Krestik. The entrance is located in a gypsum
exposure at the bottom of a large karst-erosive hollow.
The cave begins at the bottom of superficial well. It is
formed by crossing of two vertical cracks. The
max.height of the arch is up to 6m. It was found in
1990.
Cave Karman. The cave is located in the natural
hollow Vak-Tau in the basis of a karstic crater slope.
The cave represents a low, wide, blindly coming to the
end cave – manhole with the extent up to10m. It was
found in autumn, 1990.
Cave Deniskina. The entrance to the cave is located in
the basis of a karstic crater slope. The cave begins with
a small manhole deducing to the underground chamber
with the diameter of about 3m and height up to 1,4m.
From it is possible to get into the cross linearly
extended manhole with a height up to 2m and length of
about 16m. It was found in 1995.
Cave Skladskaja. The entrance is located in the
central part of the karstic hollow formed due to merge
of two craters. The cavity is submitted with low
chamber near the entrance with a diameter of about 2-
2,5m and height of 0,8-1,0m. Further there leaves a
manhole with a diameter of 0,4-0,5m which through 6m
comes to the end with a small chamber with a height of
1,3m and width of 1m. It was found in autumn of 1990.
B 3. The geological periods
The following complexes of rocks participate in the
geological structure of territory.
Paleozoic erathem
The Perm system
The bottom division
Kungurian stage. Outlets of Kungurian adjournments on
a day time surface are known in a vicinity of
Baskunchack along balks Sinia, Pezchernaja and in the
natural hollow Spher - Bulak.
In a cut three packs are precisely allocated: the bottom
is sulfate - terrigenous, the average is halogen and the
top is sulfate – terrigenous too. Lithologically this pack
is submitted by anhydrites, argillites, sections with
individual prolayers of salt and aleurolites. The capacity
of this pack is 80-150m.
The halogen pack is combined mainly by stone salt,
sulfur, light grey, middling-and large crystal, with
inclusions of anhydrite, separate large units of which
have the extended form and transformations of
intensively expressed processes of stone salt in post
sedimentational period.
In halogen thickness there are prolayers and lenses of
anhydrites, argillites, less often aleurolites. Argillites are
dark grey, aleurolite with a big maintenance of carbided
10
organic chemistry. Sandstones and aleurolites are
dark grey, fine-grained.
Top sulfate - terrigenous pack is deposited on salt
and is combined by anhydrites with subordinated
layers of clays, limestone, aleurolites, stone salt. Its
capacity is 40 - 80m. On this pack the crucial
importance was rendered by secondary processes,
first of all by erosion.
Mesozoic erathem
Triassic system
The bottom division
vetluzchskaya series. On the mountain Bolshoje
Bogdo vetluzchskoye adjournment consists of
conglomerate-sandy and sandy-argillaceous
thicknesses (from below upwards). The bottom
thickness with the capacity of about 90m consists of
oligomict sandstones, mainly quartz,
разнозернистых sandstones, more often finegrained,
red - brown, green-grey. Sandstones pass in
gravelites and finely cut conglomerates. Pebbles of
conglomerates consist of quartz, red and grey - color
sandstones, aleurolites, clays and limestone. On a
rough surface of sandstones thickness of clays with
subordinates of low-power (up to 1m) prolayers of
aleurolites and sandstones is deposited.
Geological cut of B.Bogdo
Baskunchack series. In the section of mountain
Bolshoje Bogdo the conglomerate is established. In
the cut of баскунчакской series characterized by
terrigenous - carbonate structure, from below three
packs are allocated upwards: clay, clayey-carbonate
and sandy-argillaceous. The bottom part is submitted
with clays with the subordinated prolayers of
sandstones, aleurolites, less often limestones. Clays
are brown - red, dark brown with bluish-gray spots,
aleurite, and carbonate, not clear layered, and
combined with fine clay.
Overlying clayey-carbonate pack is combined by
alternation of clays, carbonates with rare prolayers of
aleurolites and sandstones. Clays are grey, greenishand
brownish-grey up to dark grey, weakly
carbonate, aleurite.
A sandy-argillaceous pack crowns the cut of
Baskunchask series .
Cretaceous system
Outputs of cretaceous adjournment on a day time
surface are known in the area of the lake
Baskunchack, in hollows Belaja, Sinaja, Pezchernaya
and natural boundaries ShChigrety.
The top division
Cretaceous outcrops are known in the northwest part
of the lake Baskunchack area (in hollows Belaja,
Sinaja, Pezchernaya). They are deposited with
washout on spreading early Cretaceous
adjournments and are characterized mainly by
carbonate structure. The capacity of late Cretaceous
adjournment reaches 624m.
Cenomanian stage. Cenomanian formations, being
deposited transgressivly on the spreading
adjournment, have a wide circulation. Lithologically