HBV-Constructions - Load Bearing Structure ... - Hbv-systeme.de

HBV ® - Constructions 

Technical Dossier HBV-Systems 2011-07 

Load Bearing Constructions using 

Wood-Concrete-Composite Technique 

with glued-in HBV ® - Shear Connectors 

General Building Authority Approval through the 

DIBt under Z-9.1-557 

Disclaimer: The contents of this document have been made with the highest accuracy. TiComTec 

GmbH takes no responsibilities for damages or subsequent damages resulting from the use of the 

information contained in this document. 

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Tel: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68 

www.ticomtec.de 

©2011 Page 1 of 35

1. General Introduction 


Since the 2nd World War, academics and businesses have been trialling for a composite between timber 

and concrete materials so as to be able to use and maximise the strengths and positive features from both of 

these building materials. The floor slab achieved to bring both materials into a composite, whereby the 

concrete takes the impact from a load and the wood provides tension support. The first approach for a 

solution to produce a composite was in the first instance to leave open the wood and the grouting directly 

with the concrete. This approach only resulted in moderate result, and the composite was relatively weak. 

The effectiveness of the Wood-Concrete-Composite constructions lies fundamentally in the effectiveness 

of the bonding agents, that is to say it comes therefore on how strong we can manufactured the composite, 

between wood and concrete. The main point of the research lies in the development of more diverse 

bonding agents. In the years from 1980 up to 2000, there have been intensive research on the development 

of composite with active functiform adhesion mechanisms (nails, screws, anchors, joist hangers, etc…) and 

the results were implemented especially in the renovation of old buildings. 

In 1992, Leander Bathon started with an idea to embed hollow cambered steel parts into wood, and 

therefore to bind wood with other building materials together. In 1997 Bathon showed the high potential of 

the glued-in continues wood-concrete-composite systems after the first load bearing trial was conducted. In 

1999, the first pilot project using these wood-concrete-composite systems in floor renovation was 

implemented. 

In the year 2000, Bathon introduced this innovative wood-concrete-composite system with glued-in steel 

parts into the international audience at the „WOLRD CONFERENCE OF TIMBER ENGINEERING“ in 

Canada. In the year 2000 to 2002, numerous trials with various steel plates and adhesives for the woodconcrete-composite 

were tested. These researches have especially pointed out the optimum tuning of the 

shear connectors in elastic-plasticity for the load bearing of the composite construction as well as the 

applicability of the adhesives. 

From one of the planned construction projects of the laminated wood construction company Zang + 

Bahmer GmbH, a specimen measuring 1:1 was placed in the MPA Wiesbaden with a particular objective 

of testing its load bearing capacity and its usability. The affiliated performance data agreed really well with 

previous theoretical calculations. The „HBV ® – System“ was developed out of the positive results of the 

preliminary tests of the small specimen with beams that span 10 m, matching to reality by a 1:1 specimen 

as plates, and the realisation of the construction objects in the area of old buildings renovation. Since 

March 2004, a general building authority approval was obtained from the German Institute for Building 

Technology (DIBt) in Berlin with approval number Z-9.1-557. 

Since 2004 numerous load bearing constructions with the HBV ® – Systems were undertaken. Next to the 

,diverse floor constructions in old and new buildings with a total floor area of over 100.000m 2 , walls, roofs, 

carports and bridges can also be constructed using the wood-concrete-composite building technique. In 

2006, the company TiComTec GmH was established in Haibach, which specialises in the further 

development and commercialisation of HBV ® – Systems. In the meantime, partners from wood production 

companies were found, as a way to guarantee the nationwide dispersion of the HBV ® – Systems and 

simultaneously as qualified contact partners the HBV ® – Systems. We are in possession of a valid gluing 

approval as per DIN 1052:2008-12 and can therefore conduct the adhesion professionally. 

We wish you all the success with the HBV ® – Systems. 

Rainer Bahmer 



©2011 Page 2 of 35

Table of Content 

HBV ® 


- Constructions ............................................................................................................................................ 1 

1. General Introduction................................................................................................................................. 2 

2. The HBV ® - Floor Systems ...................................................................................................................... 4 

2.1 HBV ® - Beam Floor.................................................................................................................................. 5 

2.2 HBV ® - Rib Floor....................................................................................................................................... 6 

2.3 HBV ® - Coffer/Box Floor .......................................................................................................................... 7 

2.4 HBV ® - Vario Floor ................................................................................................................................... 8 

2.5 HBV ® - Plate Floor .................................................................................................................................... 9 

2.6 HBV ® - Acoustic Floor ............................................................................................................................ 10 

2.7 HBV ® - Hollow Coffer/Box Floor ........................................................................................................... 11 

2.8 HBV ® - System Upgrades........................................................................................................................ 12 

3. Manufacture from HBV ® - Floor ............................................................................................................ 13 

3.1 Manufacture of HBV ® - Floor in Old Building........................................................................................... 13 

3.2 Manufacture of HBV ® - Floor in New Building ...................................................................................... 14 

4. Physical Characteristics of the HBV ® - Floor......................................................................................... 15 

4.1 Sound Insulation ..................................................................................................................................... 15 

4.2 Fire Protection ........................................................................................................................................ 16 

4.3 Vibration Characteristics ........................................................................................................................ 17 

4.4 Examples of Applications....................................................................................................................... 18 

5. Construction Details ............................................................................................................................... 19 

6. Visual Appearance – Examples of Ceiling Appearance ......................................................................... 20 

7. Detailed Rules......................................................................................................................................... 21 

7.1 HBV ® - Beam Floor/Brickwork Connector......................................................................................... 21 

7.2 HBV ® - Plate Floor/Wooden Wall Connector ........................................................................................ 22 

7.3 HBV ® - Plate Floor/Brickwork Connector ............................................................................................. 23 

8. HBV ® - Special Constructions................................................................................................................ 24 

8.1 HBV ® - Wall........................................................................................................................................... 25 

8.2 HBV ® - Roof........................................................................................................................................... 26 

8.3 HBV ® - Carport ...................................................................................................................................... 27 

8.4 HBV ® - Bridges ...................................................................................................................................... 28 

9. Technical Values of the HBV ® – Shear Connectors ............................................................................... 29 

10. Design of HBV ® - Constructions............................................................................................................ 30 

11. References .............................................................................................................................................. 31 

12. Important Information on Liability......................................................................................................... 34 

13. Technical Consulting Services................................................................................................................ 35 



©2011 Page 3 of 35

2. The HBV ® - Floor Systems 


- 

The HBV ® – Systems can be used in diverse variations for flooring application. 

HBV ® – Beam Floor 

HBV ® – Rib Floor 

HBV ® – Coffer/Box Floor 

HBV ® – Vario Floor 

HBV ® – Plate Floor 

HBV ® – Acoustic Floor 

HBV ® – Hollow Coffer/Box Floor 

HBV ® – System Upgrades 

With HBV ® – Beam Floor, HBV ® – Rib Floor, HBV ® – Coffer/Box Floor, HBV ® – Vario Floor, 

HBV ® – Plate Floor, HBV ® – Acoustic Floor, HBV ® – Hollow/Box Floor, are as a rule for the 

HBV ® - Shear Connectors, the wooden building components are made ready in a manufacturing plant, 

therefore allowing high level of pre-fabrication and with this accelerates the construction period. With 

the HBV ® - System Upgrades, the individual components are delivered to the building site and are 

built onsite by experience staff in accordance to the structural requirements. 

For all the various products, HBV ® - Shear Connectors are bonded together with special adhesives. 

The glued-in shear connectors serve as a post for the strengths of the cross section, and in others as 

bolsters for a bridle reinforcement steel mesh. The interlayer between the load bearing wooden 

building parts and the concrete can be built with up to 30mm thick barrier. 

- 

The interlayer (formwork, insulation or damming) can be conducted with reference to the physical 

building requirements regarding flooring (moisture protection, heat protection, fire protection). During 

the implementation, is to be taken care of that the individual moisture prevention, (e.g. construction 

foil between the wood and the concrete), so as to protect the wooden material from the moisture of the 

freshly mixed concrete. The concrete layer, which has taken the compressive strength of the bonded 

cross-section through the end span, will then be taken to the building site. The concrete is to be 

furnished with constructions steel reinforcement. The floors are to be protected through out the 

concreting process. A tube for electrical installations can be inserted inside the concrete layer. 

Moreover, it is also possible to install floor heating. 

All HBV ® - Floor systems are suitable for a distance span of 15m or more, in multiple field 

systems, and as hooked load bearing constructions. 

The minimum requirements for a HBV ® – System in accordance to the General Building Authority 

Approval. 



©2011 Page 4 of 35

2.1 HBV ® - Beam Floor 


The HBV ® - Beam Floor was developed with the aim to create safe wooden beam flooring that has 

approximately the same physical building characteristics like a steel concrete floor. That is to say with 

small vibration sensitivity and a good sound insulation. At the same time however, the properties in 

comparison to steel concrete floor are to have less dead load and therefore reduced distortion 

sensitivity. 

In the HBV ® - Beam Floor, the wooden beams are manufactured in accordance with the structural 

requirements and the glued-in HBV ® - Shear Connector. After installing the beams at the building 

site, the sheathing planks are applied, a construction foil and the reinforcement steel mesh laid out and 

the concrete plates are poured. 

For the assembly condition and the binding of the concrete, an interlayer protection is necessary. After 

the concrete is cured for a period of 28 days, the load bearing system is fully loadable. 

System Layout 

Examples of Application 



©2011 Page 5 of 35

2.2 HBV ® - Rib Floor 


A special variation of the HBV ® - Beam Floor is the HBV ® - Rib Floor. This was developed with the 

aim to make possible a higher degree of pre-fabrication and with this an optimum construction period 

can be achieved. 

The HBV ® - Rib Floor consists of a top layer of concrete as well as bottom layer, with wooden beams 

arranged in grid pattern. The floor elements are completely pre-fabricated, which allows for it to be 

quickly and easily installed on the building site. After the installation of each floor elements, they 

must be coupled together in accordance to the plate effect desired. These occur over the concreting 

from the grouting pockets. 

The top surface of the concrete from the HBV ® - Rib Floor is prepared ready for floor covering. 

Through planning or execution of the top surface in a further work process, the surface can therefore 

be wrapped. The bearing of the HBV ® - Rib Floor is normally on the top surface of the concrete plate. 

Installation conduits are laid in between the wooden ribs. Within the wall areas, the wooden ribs are 

laid back so that the installation conduits can pass through. The HBV ® -Rib Floor should be 

completed with resilient under layer flooring and so the benefits of the sound insulation (the 

decoupled layer) can be used. 

The load bearing of the HBV ® – Rib Floor usually occurs on the top surface of concrete plates. 

System Layout 




©2011 Page 6 of 35

2.3 HBV ® - Coffer/Box Floor 


An interesting solution for long free span load bearing floor in wood-concrete-composite building 

technique is provided by the HBV ® - Coffer/Box Floor. The HBV ® - Coffer/Box Floor is a further 

development of the HBV ® - Beam Floor, analysed through the static of the underside of an effective 

and appropriate reinforcement. The reinforcing and the concreting of the HBV ® - Coffer/Box Floor 

are normally to be carried out at the building site. It is however possible, that the HBV ® - Coffer/Box 

Floor is ready concreted in a manufacturing plant and as ready made parts brought to the building site. 

The benefits of the HBV ® - Coffer/Box Floor: 

- An improved load bearing capacity afforded through the effective static tension reinforcement of 

the under layer 

- Diaphragm action of the total construction 

- Reduction of the dead load during assembly of insulation platting at the same time an 

improvement of the individual physical building characteristics 

- Possibility for pre-fabrication in manufacturing plant independent of the weather conditions and 

consequently construction time is reduced substantially 

- Possibility to analyse the room acoustic through an appropriate acoustic profile 

- Design diversity for the Floor: the tension reinforcement can be elected after individual visual 

requirements (e.g. Oriented-Strand Boards, Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT), and Kerto-Plate). 

System Layout 




©2011 Page 7 of 35

2.4 HBV ® - Vario Floor 


A further development of the HBV ® - Beam Floor is the HBV ® - Vario Floor. As per the design 

requirements, the shear connectors are embedded into the elements of the glued-laminated timber. At 

the building site, the pre-fabricated beams are subsequently laid flat and applied with dead 

sheathing/insulation materials such as reinforcement mats. This subsequently completes the concreting 

process. 

The benefits of the HBV ® – Vario Floor: 

- Higher static load bearing capacity resulting from a relatively small spacing distance of the beams. 


- Improvement of the room acoustic as a result of the separate casting method of the ceiling’s under 

layer 

- Visual bulking of the floor visual appearance 

- Good physical building properties for vibration and sound 

- Low section height 

System Layout 




©2011 Page 8 of 35

2.5 HBV ® - Plate Floor 


In the manufacturing plant, the HBV ® – Shear connectors are embedded into the flat laying, large 

wooden elements of the glued-laminated timber. This allows for the large-sized building elements to 

be quickly installed. Reinforcement and concreting of the HBV ® – Plate Floor are completed on the 

building site. 

The benefits of the HBV ® – Plate Floor: 

- Higher static load bearing capacity of the floor 

- Construction span of 15m and more 


- Accelerated construction period through pre-fabrication of the floor elements 

- Completed underside; which subsequently relinquished the need for further work on the underside 

of the floor 

- Design variety for the floor: the underside can either be in natural glued-laminated timber, can 

also be applied with colour or can be added with acoustic profile to optimise the room acoustic 

- Cross section, which is corresponding to a large concrete floor: good physical building properties 

namely oscillation and sound 

System Layout 




©2011 Page 9 of 35

2.6 HBV ® - Acoustic Floor 


A further development of the acoustic floor from the company Lignotrend is the HBV ® – Acoustic Floor. The 

HBV ® – Shear Connectors are embedded into the pre-fabricated slab elements at the manufacturing plant. The 

pre-fabricated slab elements are fitted with special acoustic profile. 

In the manufacturing plant and in accordance with design requirements, the HBV ® – Shear Connectors are 

embedded into the pre-fabricated slab elements, which have been fitted with special acoustic profile. This 

enables the large-sized building elements to be quickly installed. The reinforcement and concreting of the HBV 

® – Acoustic Floor are completed on the building site. 

The benefits of the HBV ® – Acoustic Floor: 

- Improvement of the static load bearing capacity when compared to the original acoustic floor without the 

effects of wood-concrete-composite system 

- Distance span of 15m and more can be achieved 


- Improvement of the room acoustic 

- Good physical building properties namely vibration and sound 

- Cross section comparable to large concrete slabs 

- Possibility to refine the wooden underside (e.g. construction with knotless white fir) 

System Layout 




©2011 Page 10 of 35

2.7 HBV ® - Hollow Coffer/Box Floor 


A further innovative development of the HBV ® - Plate Floor especially of the HBV ® - Acoustic Floor 

is the HBV ® - Hollow Coffer/Box Floor. The HBV ® - Shear Connectors are embedded into the 

wooden elements in accordance to the design requirements. To reduce the weight of the ceiling or 

flooring, it is completed with the installation of expanded polystyrene. The reinforcement and 

concreting of the HBV ® – Hollow Coffer/Box Floor are completed on the building site. These largesized 

building parts can be quickly installed. The underside appearance corresponds to a HBV ® –Plate 

Floor especially of the HBV ® – Acoustic Floor. 

The HBV ® – Hollow Coffer/Box Floor have the following benefits: 

- Reduction of the individual weight of the ceiling or floor through the use of the expanded 

polystyrene 

- Higher static load bearing capacity 

- Reduction in the distortion sensitivity 

- Construction of load bearing system with long distance span 


- Cross section which corresponds to large concrete slabs, with excellent properties namely 

vibration and sound 

System Layout 




©2011 Page 11 of 35

2.8 HBV ® - System Upgrades 


In the renovation of older wooden beam ceilings, there are often the problem that the ceilings do not 

have the structural requirements necessary, especially not the stresses and strains of growing future 

usage. With the HBV ® – System Upgrades, planners and architects have at their disposal new means 

for the renovation of apartments or office areas of existing buildings. After an inventory, planners of 

load bearing constructions have the possible capacity to calculate with certainty the renovation of the 

ceiling and the floor. Through the application of the wood-concrete-composite cross sections, the floor 

has a higher load bearing capacity compared to before being fitted with the HBV – System Upgrades. 

Further physical benefits of the floor with HBV ® – System Upgrades are: 

- Reinforcement through diaphragm action of the concrete plates 

- Maintenance of the full worth of the building substance 

- Improvement of the fire protections through the concrete top layer 

- Shortening the construction time in comparison to a complete renovation 

- Cost reduction of renovation process for the wooden beam floors 

The HBV ® – System allows you to easily put together almost all the wooden beam floors. After the 

exposure of the building substances and the removal of the construction foil, slits are cut into the 

wooden beams with a 3.2mm circular hand saw. The HBV ® – Shear Connectors are embedded 

according to the design specifications with a special adhesive at specific intervals. The concrete can be 

poured after the construction foil and the reinforcement steel mat have been laid out. Next to the 

conventional concrete layering methods stated above, there are also the possibilities for concreting 

infill. By both variations, the application of the steel fibered concrete is possible. 

System Layout 



©2011 Page 12 of 35

3. Manufacture from HBV ® - Floor 

3.1 Manufacture of HBV ® - Floor in Old Building 


The processes of manufacturing the HBV ® – Floor are easy and uncomplicated. In the following 

examples, the construction processes for floor renovation in an old building as well as the construction 

processes for HBV ® – Floors in new building are shown: 

(a) (b) (c) 

(d) (e) (f) 

(g) (h) (i) 

(a) Laying works of the wooden load bearing beams. 

(b) Slits are cut into the constituent wooden beams. 

(c) Laying out construction folio to protect the wood from unwanted moisture. 

(d) Slits are cut into the construction foil. 

(e) Inserting the HBV ® – Adhesives. 

(f) Inserting the HBV ® – Shear Connectors. 

(g) Laying out the necessary reinforcement 

(h) Installation of appropriate reinforcement underneat the floor. 

(i) Concreting. 



©2011 Page 13 of 35

3.2 Manufacture of HBV ® - Floor in New Building 

(a) (b) (c) 

(d) (e) (f) 

(g) (h) (i) 


(a) Slits are made into the flat laying wooden cross sections (beams, slabs, elements). 

(b) Laying out the construction foil to protect the woods against penetrating moisture 

(c) Slits are made in the foil. 

(d) Insertion of the HBV ® – Adhesives. 

(e) Insertion of the HBV ® – Shear Connectors. 

(f) Build up temporary supports 

(g) Laying out the pre-fabricated HBV ® – Floor elements at the building site. 

(h) Installation of the necessary construction reinforcement. 

(i) Concreting. 



©2011 Page 14 of 35

4. Physical Characteristics of the HBV ® - Floor 

4.1 Sound Insulation 

Sound Insulation Dimensions for HBV ® - Floor 


The sound insulation of the floor is essentially determined by the usability criteria. It significantly 

influenced the living comfort. The flooring must therefore always be adequately protected against airborne 

and impact sounds. 

As a consequence of the air-borne sound, the ceiling and the walls are shaken by vibration, that it 

initiates vibration in the next room. Building parts with a good air-borne sound insulation can reduced 

and consequently prevent this occurrence. The air-borne insulation is to be identified through 

R’W sound insulation dimension. The higher the value, therefore the higher the actual insulation! 

In a similar significant application for the ceiling is the so called impact sound insulation, such as 

generated by the act of moving chairs and through the ceiling, the impact is delivered to the room 

below. The insulation dimension of impact sound is identified by the standard impact sound gauge 

L’W. Opposite to the dimension of the sound insulation, the sound gauge dimension for impact sound 

insulation is that, a higher value pinpoints to a lower impact sound insulation. 

Both the sound insulation dimension R’W and also the standard impact sound gauge L’W evaluation 

fundamentally depend on the surface coating of the uncoupled floors, such as the upholstered area of a 

ceiling. These shall be appropriate for the available dimensions and of the moulded density of the 

appropriate basic materials. Further improvement in the sound insulation value can be achieved 

through the structural parts of the floor constructions (e.g. floor pavement, lamination, carpet). 

The minimum requirements for airborne sound and accordingly the impact sound insulations are 

regulated in the DIN 4109. Accordingly for floor separating apartments, the sound insulation degree 

are (measurements for the airborne sound insulation) R’W ≥ 54 dB and the value for the standard 

impact sound gauge (measurement for the impact sound insulation) L’n,w ≤ 53 dB. 

The HBV ® - Floor systems easily meet the minimum requirements under the DIN 4109 with respect 

to the air-borne sound and respectively impact sound insulations. These are especially for the 

corresponding choice of ground floor structural elements and respectively suspended constructions 

(suspended floors). That is also how a higher impact sound insulation requirements can be achieved. 

In as much as the air-borne sound and the impact sound insulation values can be theoretically 

calculated, it is always recommended to conduct the sound gauge measurements on the building site. 

The calculated values of the effect of the suspended floors and the ground floor structural parts can be 

available on hand to be used for various constructions. This is because to identify a representative 

standard value, especially also in respect to the aspects of the sideways transfer, depends not from the 

individual construction but from the execution on the building site, which for sound insulation play 

not an insignificant role. 



©2011 Page 15 of 35

4.2 Fire Protection 


The allocation of fire resistant classes for building elements is completed after the length of time of 

fire resistant provided by the building elements and respectively by the building construction during a 

fire test. For wall and ceiling materials, the fire resistant classes shall be differentiated as per 

DIN 4102 T2 as F30, F60, F90, F120 and F180. A further classification is completed as per the 

flammability of the related building materials. The abbreviation B is used for constructions, which are 

made out of flammable building materials. The abbreviation AB is used for constructions that are 

primarily not made up of flammable building materials. The abbreviation A is used for constructions, 

which are not made of flammable building materials. 

The assessment of fire classes of wood-concrete-composite floor, respectively for the load bearing, is 

not problematic. The wooden building elements can after every dimensioning, have fire resistant time 

of much more than 90 minutes. HBV ® - Constructions are of class B, and respectively to be allocated 

BA by further measures. 

Although wood in itself is flammable, it is then protected by the wooden cross section of the 

construction during fire emergencies, in this case the wooden substance cellulose and lignin break 

down chemically during heating and bind the gas and the wood charcoal. Through the ongoing 

vaporisation of the water vapour in the wood and the isolation of the carbon film, the temperature rises 

only marginally in deep laying parts of the rest of the cross section of the wood even after a long 

exposure time. 

A further positive aspect of the woods in fire emergencies: opposite to the steel material and concrete 

steel, wood lost only a small measure of its resistance in high temperature. The acceptance of the 

resistance mechanism of large wooden cross sections under the effect of temperature is therefore a 

secondary significant. All these positive thermal material properties hold therefore that building parts 

made of wood retain its load bearing capacity in fire emergencies over a long period despite their 

flammability. 

The reduction of the wooden cross section as a result of continuous combustion action provides the 

only relevant influence on the measurement of HBV- Building Elements in fire emergencies. The 

measurement of a HBV ® - Cross Section in fire emergencies is completed therefore after the 

combustion rate. In the following lies the procedure for: 

- Cold measurement of the HBV ® - Cross Section 

- Calculating the remaining cross section after the stipulated fire resistance length 

- Execution of the load bearing verification for fire-stressed HBV ® - Cross Section 

For the measurement case F-90-A and respectively F-90-BA for HBV ® - Plate Floors, the cross 

section height of the concrete in relationship to the wood are to be selected in a way that in case of a 

fire emergency, the concrete cross section (with the above mention effect) can wholly take the load 

bearing. Therefore, the wooden cross section acts as fire buffer during fire emergencies. 



©2011 Page 16 of 35

4.3 Vibration Characteristics 


In DIN 1052:2008-12 it is recommended to conduct a vibration analysis for ceiling constructions, to 

remove any „uneasiness“ of the occupants. This is to be conducted in the same framework as the 

usability analysis. Researches have shown that the vibration sensitivity of floors is fundamentally 

swayed by its flexural rigidity and its own weight. In a static single-span bean, the vibrations of the 

ceiling stay within a frequency range above half of 7.2 Hz, when the elastics deflection in respect to 

the quasi standing loads are lower than 6mm. In this case, the uneasiness of the occupants is as far as 

possible eliminated. 

The above known criteria is independent from the span width, as such both floors with small span 

width as well as floors with large span width must fulfilled this analysis - alternatively exact vibration 

examination (among others a resonant analysis) is necessary. 

Analyses for these vibration criteria are illustrated in DIN 1052:2008-12, that pure wood constructions 

in the area of span width of up to 5.0m pushes the technical and commercial barriers (in a span width 

from 6m means an admissible tolerance or distortion from 6mm in a standard deflexion of 1/1000). 

Wood-concrete-composite constructions with glued in HBV ® - Shear connectors offer serious benefits 

in vibration characteristics, that in comparison to wood load bearing constructions, exhibit a 

considerably higher flexural rigidity. At the same time, the added masses of the concrete plates 

resulted in the floor constructions to not easily stimulated to vibrate. These attributes shall be 

considered in the framework of the resonant analysis. 

On the basis of these two facts, wood-concrete-composite constructions give themselves a unique 

possibility to demonstrate, to build ceiling constructions that fulfilled the required vibration analysis 

under DIN 1052:2008-12 - without additional overall-height for the construction. 



©2011 Page 17 of 35

4.4 Examples of Applications 


Two examples illustrate the application possibilities and the sound technical benefits of the 

HBV ® – Floors. 

Therefore the following assumptions are met: 

- Single-span beam system with a distance between supports from 8.50m 

- Load assumption with g= 2.kN/m 2 and p = 2.25kN/m 2 

- Accompanying building parts with a middle surface response mass m’l,middle ≈ 300 kg/m² 

- Impact sound improvement measurement through floor pavement ∆Lw,R = 30 dB 

- Relevant air-borne sound and impact sound insulations for separate apartment floors 

Example 1: HBV ® – Beam Floors 

For the ceiling construction the following shall be selected: 

Soft floor covering 

Insulation + floating floor pavement 8.5 cm 

Concrete plates 12.5 cm 

Insulation 2.5 cm 

Glue-laminated wooden beams b/h (e= 60 cm) 14/18 cm 

Air-borne Sound: R'w,R = ca.55 dB >= erf. R’w = 54 dB 

Impact Sound: L'n,w,R = ca.51 dB

5. Construction Details 

(a) (b) (c) 

(d) (e) (f) 

(g) (h) (i) 

(j) (k) (l) 


(a) A 3 m over hanging balcony. 

(b) Replacement 

(c) Assembly of a 3cm thick insulation layer. 

(d) Integrated ground floor heating. 

(e) Application on the outside area: load bearing valve with biaxial stress directions. . 

(f) Conduit for future electrical installation. 

(g) Circular beam in old building. 

(h) Hole for stairway. 

(i) Static multi-layered system. Effect direction over the supports. 

(j) Bedding over concrete slabs on the backside of the wooden beams (free room for installations) 

(k) Temporary steel reinforcement during concreting. 

(l) Application machine for inserting the adhesives. 



©2011 Page 19 of 35


6. Visual Appearance – Examples of Ceiling Appearance 

(a) (b) (c) 

(d) (e) (f) 

(a) Glue-laminated common spruce, white glaze, beams b/h = 20/28 cm, e = 142 cm 

(b) Natural common spruce, beams b/h = 14/28 cm, e = 70 cm 

(c) Whole natural Douglas fir timber beam, flat ended beams b/h = 20/12 cm, e = 68 cm 

(d) Natural glue-laminated common spruce, slab b/h = 100/16 cm, e = 100 cm, butt joint rabbet edge 

(e) Natural glue-laminated common spruce beams, flat ended beams b/h = 20/12cm, e = 30 cm 

(f) Knotless white toned, 4mm rabbet profile, acoustic elements from the company LIGNOTREND. 



©2011 Page 20 of 35

7. Detailed Rules 

7.1 HBV ® - Beam Floor/Brickwork Connector 


Ring beam 

Concrete slab d = 8cm, C25/30 

Steel reinforcement Q188 

Shear connector 

Floor panel 12/20 GL24 

Two-sided T-Square (nailed) 



©2011 Page 21 of 35 

Dowel 

Masonry work b = 36,5cm 




Floor panel 12/20 GL24 

Assembly bracket (steel plate) 

nailed on both sides and 

anchored to the brickwork 

Barrier coat

7.2 HBV ® - Plate Floor/Wooden Wall Connector 




©2011 Page 22 of 35 

Dowel 

Assembly bracket 

Wooden panel h = 8cm GL 24 




Floor is shear-resistant to the wall 

(screwed) 

Floor is shear resistant to the 

outside wall (screwed) 

Screws (used as shear connector) 




Floor panel h=8cm b=80cm 

GL 24

7.3 HBV ® - Plate Floor/Brickwork Connector 





Floor slab h=8cm b=80cm GL24 

Steel band (sprocket band) set in 

concrete into the ring beam 

Ring beam 

Masonry work 




Floor panel h=8cm b=80cm GL24 

Steel band (sprocket band) set in 

concrete into the ring beam 

Ring beam 

Masonry work 



©2011 Page 23 of 35

8. HBV ® - Special Constructions 

The HBV ® – System shall be used in diverse special constructions: 

HBV ® – Wall 

HBV ® – Roof 

HBV ® – Carport 

HBV ® – Bridge 


The HBV ® – Wall and the HBV ® – Roof are based from the floor slab construction known HBV ® – 

Rib element. Both of these building parts are pre-fabricated in the manufacturing plant and brought to 

the building site. The HBV ® – Carport is a special construction, which demonstrates the diverse 

possibilities of the HBV ® – System. HBV ® – Bridge demonstrates the logical consequence from 

experiences derived from the HBV ® – Plate Floors constructions. In plate floor construction these 

possibilities are also applicable. 

It is to be fundamentally noted, that the applications of the HBV ® – Systems must be valid in 

accordance to the general building authority approval in the exposure classes 0-2 as per DIN 68800 

Part 3, Table 1 and Table 2. In this respect the things affected are amongst other things, indoor 

construction with average air humidity over 70 %, interior building part within wet area, when the 

wooden building parts are masked with water resistance plus outside building parts without water 

stress. 

Pursuant to the general building authority approval, the HBV ® – System may be used in predominantly 

resting load. By pedestrian – and bike cycle bridges, shall be supposed with resting load (Load 

application number < 5 x 10 6 ). In such construction works, to bring the vibration values from ϕ = 1.0 

from the beginning. That means there it does not produce heighten dynamic allowance. The analysis 

of the vibration representations as a consequence of pacing, walking or running are to be provided in 

the framework of the structural calculation. 

All HBV ® – Constructions is accredited from the building authority as multi layered system, 

cantilever and as curved load bearing works with span width from 15.00m and more. 



©2011 Page 24 of 35

8.1 HBV ® - Wall 


The HBV ® – Wall consists of pre-fabricated elements, which are based from the HBV ® – Rib system. 

In the same lines as large building technique, the concrete plate lies on the inside of the building as 

large casing. The heating insulation is fitted between the wooden ribs on the outside of the HBV ® – 

Wall. Additionally, e.g. blow-in insulation material can also be used. Alternatively, soft insulation 

plates can also be inserted. Wooden ribs and concrete plates like in all the HBV ® – Constructions are 

strongly bonded together, which in the total constructions is effectively static. The outside facade of 

the HBV ® – Wall can be designed according to the wishes of the planer whereby the physical building 

rules must be observed. 

The benefits of the HBV ® – Wall are found in the combined benefits of the wooden building technique 

and the benefits from the large building technique. The continuous sheathing which lies on the inside 

takes care of the sound insulation, fire protection and weather protection and air tightness. The 

continuous insulation applied on the outside takes care of the important heat insulation. Electrical 

installation shall be laid through conduits inside the concrete plates. Through the higher prefabrication 

level afforded by the HBV ® – Wall, it allows for a shorter construction period. 

System Layout 




©2011 Page 25 of 35

8.2 HBV ® - Solid Roof 


The HBV ® - Solid Roof consists of prefabricated parts, which are all based on HBV ® - Rib System. 

Whereas for the ceiling, the concrete plates are placed on the top side, in the case of the HBV ® - Solid 

Roof the concrete plates are placed on the under side. In relation to the walls, a continuous inner 

sheathing is therefore produced on the inner side. An appropriate insulation shall be placed on the 

outside of the HBV ® - Solid Roof. 

In the last year, the requirements for roofing have been slowly increased. As a consequence the 

following aspects are especially to be observed for construction: sound insulation, fire protection, 

summer time heat insulation, winter time heat insulation, weather protection and air-tightness. 

The HBV-Solid Roof is approved for numerous building product applications, which have all fulfilled 

the requirements in equal measure. The HBV ® - Solid Roof is the newest development coming out 

from the Roofing field. Besides the outstanding static and physical building characteristics, the HBV 

® - Solid Roof possesses additional benefits in economic values, prefabrication and installation 

processes. 

System Layout 




©2011 Page 26 of 35

8.3 HBV ® - Carport 


The HBV ® - Carport is a special construction, which demonstrates the multifaceted possibilities of the 

HBV ® - System in a single building project. It was constructed as a pilot project. The special 

characteristic of the HBV ® - Carport lies in the construction. Thereby it is handled with two-axle HBV 

® - Load Bearing Structure, and at the same time assured with extraordinary visual appearance. 




©2011 Page 27 of 35

8.4 HBV ® - Bridges 


In the HBV ® – Bridges, the creative amenities of timber construction are combined with the benefits 

of the wood-concrete-composite construction namely the load bearing capacity, the usability and the 

wood protection concepts. 

As a rule, there are two construction variations for the wood-concrete-composite bridges; slabs 

variation for shorter bearing distance as well as attachment piece in longer bearing distance. 

The top laying concrete plates shall therefore be used for road surface. At the same time the concrete 

plates shall be tightened through the bonding with the composite load bearing construction, over the 

shear connection with the wood to the load transmission. A cross load distribution is easily producible 

on the inside of the concrete plates. Lastly the concrete plates also protect the wooden construction 

from weather conditions. At the same time, the concrete plates also take other functions. 

The wood provides on its part aesthetic, naturalness, visual appearance and static. Through the 

configuration of the amenities, the wooden cross section takes a considerable part for the tensile stress 

produced, in doing so extra concrete reinforcements in the concrete plates can be reduced. Overall the 

composite action reduces the appearance of distortion, the vibration sensitivity as well as the 

construction height of the bridge. 

System Layout 




©2011 Page 28 of 35

9. Technical Values of the HBV ® – Shear Connectors 


The HBV ® – Shear connector together with the adhesive creates the composite between the wood and 

the concrete and is therefore the core of the HBV ® – System. The HBV ® – Shear Connector consists 

of a 2.0mm thick expanded metal mesh with a height of 90mm, 105mm and 120mm. The delivery 

length is 1m and respectively after special specifications. For the bonding operation of the HBV ® – 

Shear Connectors in large renovation and respectively for pre-fabrication construction a dosing system 

shall be used. In smaller renovation, the adhesive is applied with a cartouche. 

For all applications of the HBV ® – Shear Connectors are embedded into the wooden building parts in 

accordance with the specifications of the structural analysis. This normally took place in the 

manufacturing plant. In renovation and retrofitting of existing wooden beam floors, the beams are cut 

with circular hand saw before brought to the site and the HBV ® – Shear Connectors are embedded 

according the specifications of the engineer at the building site. The HBV ® – Shear Connectors were 

tested at the MPA Wiesbaden; the technical values were officially certified through further tests by 

Technical University Munich. 

For a calculation, the following values can be applied 

(per mm length of shear connector): 

Shifting Modulus per mm: Kser= 825 – 250 (dZS/d0) (0,2) N/mm 

Acceptable shear load: zul. T= 90 – 4,5 (dZS/d0) (1/2) N/mm 

Characteristic Values of the Shear Load Bearing Tk= 160 – 8 (dZS/d0) (1/2) N/mm 

Conversion Td = Tk / 1,25 ~ 1,42 zul T 

Example: 

Zul. T ~ Tk / 1,75 

dZS = Thickness of the interlayer in mm 

d0 = 1 mm 

Zul. = acceptable 

Based on a HBV ® – Shear Connector of 1000 mm strip length with 20 mm interlayer generate: 

Shifting Modulus per 1000 mm strip length: Kser= 370,0 kN/mm 

Acceptable shear load per 1000 mm strip length: zul. T= 69,9 kN 

Characteristic Values of the shear load bearing per 1000 mm strip length: Tk= 124,2 kN 

The load bearing trial of the HBV ® – Composite system showed in elasticity range a very good 

rigidity of load bearing and in collapse status (of the plastic coating) a full-blown flow characteristics. 

Consequently the HBV ® – Floor systems in their characteristics are so complimentary, that the steel 

from an exact shift in the plastic condition runs over, that is to say it begins to „flow“. 

Conclusion: The HBV ® – Composite system allows for a safer and more efficient design of load 

bearing systems, that the benefits of the materials used are combined in an ideal way. 



©2011 Page 29 of 35

10. Design of HBV ® - Constructions 


All HBV ® – Constructions are calculated using our specially developed design program. The design 

program is based on DIN 1052:2008-12 and the general building authority accreditation. 

Our analysis in general adhered to: 

- Structural analysis of the load bearing capacity 

- Structural analysis of the usability (distortion) 

- Analysis of vibration resistance including the exact analysis (e.g. of resonant analysis) 

- Analysis of sound insulation (air-borne sound insulation and impact sound insulation with the 

option of the alternative and numerous ceiling systems) 

- Analysis of fire protection (over the remaining cross section of the woods such as temperature 

examination of the HBV ® – Adhesive 

- Analysis of bedding, including the indirect bedding over the concrete plates 

- Analysis of grading of the HBV ® – Shear Connector to purify (affine) the shear force 

characteristics 

We can create verifiable structural calculations for you from the basic principle of the general building 

authority approval. Please ask us, we will be very happy to offer you a quote for the provision of these 

services. 

Eine Freeware-Version des Bemessungsprogramms nach DIN 1052:1988 steht auf der Homepage 

www.hbv-systeme.de zum Download für Sie bereit. Unter www.windimnet.de steht ein 



©2011 Page 30 of 35

11. References 


WINERY CASTLE VOLLRADS - Oestrich Winkel/Rheingau (2004) - Extension of a Roof Space for a Wine Cellar 

HBV ® - Beam system; 280 m²; 4.00 m bearing distance 

RESTAURANT BLINDE KUH – Basel/Switzerland (2004) - New Construction of a Plate Floor 

HBV ® - Acoustic ceiling as hollow box floor; 200 m²; 12.70 m bearing distance 

GOLF CLUB PRAFORST – Hünfeld/Germany (2005) - Construction of a new Club House 

HBV ® - Vario Floor; 600 m²; 8.25 m bearing distance 

HBV ® - Binding joists integrated into the support system, l = 27.0 m as three-span beam 

DEPARTMENT STORE LANGWIES 2 - Junglinster/Luxemburg (2005) - New Construction of a Department Store 

HBV ® - Plate Floor; 3300 m²; 8.2 m bearing distance 

HBV ® - Binding joists integrated into the support system, l = 7.0 m 

INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL - Genf/Switzerland (2005) - New Construction of a School 

HBV ® - Box Floor; 900 m²; 7.5 m bearing distance 

MPE VETERANENSTRASSE - Berlin/Germany (2005) - Renovation of a Multiple Dwelling 

HBV ® - System Upgrades; 580 m²; 6.7 m bearing distance 

ANNENHOF Clinic – Steinheim/Germany (2005) - Renovation and Retrofits of a Clinic 

HBV ® - System Upgrades; 400 m²; 5.0 m bearing distance 

GALERIA CONSTRUCTION – Bingen/Germany (2006) - New Construction of an Event and Exhibition Centre 

HBV ® - Rib Floor; 6000 m²; 5.25 m bearing distance 

RESEARCH AND OFFICE BUILDING – Villingen/Switzerland (2006) - New Construction of a Research Centre 

HBV ® - Box Floor; 1000 m²; 12.4 m bearing distance 

UNIDO BRIDGE – Wien/Austria (2007) - New Construction of Traffic Bridge 

HBV ® - Beam Bridge; 17.60 m bearing distance 

HOUSING ESTATE – Solodden/Norwegia (2008) - New Construction of a Housing Estate 

HBV ® - Floor; 1400 m² 

TIMBER FRAMED HOUSE – Eckernförde (2008) - Renovation and Retrofitting of a Timber Framed House 

HBV ® - System Upgrades; 200 m² 

STADIUM BRIDGE – Chiamgau Arena / Ruhpolding (2010) – Construction of a New Stadium Bridge 

HBV ® - Beam Bridge; two-span beam 10.60 m + 5.60 m bearing distance 

THOMAS CLARKSON COMMUNITY COLLEGE – Cambridge/UK (2011) – Construction of a New School Building 

HBV ® - Plate Floor with glued-laminated timber 

MULTIPLE DWELLING – (2011) Hanau/Germany– Renovation and Retrofits of a Multiple Dwelling 

HBV ® - System Upgrades; 5.75 m bearing distance 

EARTH SCIENCES BUILDING – University of British Columbia/Canada (2011) – New Construction of the Earth Sciences 

Building 

HBV ® - Plate Floor; 8000 m 2 

EXCLUSIVE RESIDENCE – Vancouver / Canada (2011) – A Construction of an Exclusive Residence 

HBV ® -Rib Floor; 300 m² 



©2011 Page 31 of 35


Langwies 2 Department Store, Junglinster (L) Golfclub Praforst, Hünfeld (D) 

School, Peseux (CH) Annenhof Clinic, Steinheim (D) 

Prag School, Stuttgart (D) Restaurant Blinde Kuh, Basel (CH) 

Unido Bridge, Vienna (A) Schloss Vollrads, Eltville (D) 



©2011 Page 32 of 35


Stadium Bridge-Ruhpolding (D) Earth Sciences-British Columbia University (CAN) 

Renovation of a Multiple Dwelling - Hanau (D) School -Linz (A) 

Office Building (I) Office Building in Visp – (CH) 

Housing Estate in Mumpf – (CH) Heavy Load Bridge in Planning Stage – Groningen (NL) 



©2011 Page 33 of 35

12. Important Information on Liability 


This publication has been made with great care and accuracy. All data, information and 

recommendations contained here are based on basic principles, formulas and safety provisions 

pursuant to the technical instructions, operation and installation processes and further 

documentations of the TiComTec GmbH, which are correct at the time of production. All 

information and values contained here are of average values obtained through tests in laboratory 

conditions. 

The user is automatically accountable for the appropriateness of the data under consideration of 

the terms and conditions of the application and inspection of relevant products. 

The user of this information has to proof whether the assumed values and criteria adopted are 

relevant with the actual on site conditions. 

TiComTec GmbH can provide general instructions and advice; however the customer/user is 

solely responsible for the selection of the right products for its special application and to produce 

the conforming instructions for implementation. 

All products are in strict conformity with all actual instructions, which were published by 

TiComTec GmbH for application. The delivery of products and the consultation are to be carried 

out in general by the company’s terms and conditions. TiComTec GmbH strives to continue to 

develop its services. Therefore we reserve the right to change descriptions, specifications etc. 

without prior notice. 

TiComTec GmbH takes no responsibility for indirect or direct defect or consequential damage, 

casualties or costs in relation to the application or because of the impossibility of application for 

anyone intended purpose. Implied representations regarding the use and/or suitability for a 

particular purpose are expressly excluded. 



©2011 Page 34 of 35

13. Technical Consulting Services 

Development, Consultation, Manufacture, Distribution 

TiComTec GmbH 

Holz-Verbund-Systeme 

Goethestraße 60 

D-63808 Haibach 

Fon: +49 (0) 6021 / 446 42-67 

Fax: +49 (0) 6021 / 446 42-68 

Internet: www.hbv-systeme.de 

Email: info@hbv-systeme.de 

Consultation and Manufacture 

W.u.J.Derix GmbH & Co.KG 

Holzleimbau 

Dam 63 

D-41372 Niederkrüchten 

Fon: +49 (0) 2163 / 8988-0 

Fax: +49 (0) 2163 / 8988-87 

Internet: www.derix.de 

Email: info@derix.de 

ERNE AG 

Holzbau 

Werkstrasse 3 

CH-5080 Laufenburg 

Fon: +41 (0) 62 869 / 81-81 

Fax: +41 (0) 62 869 / 81-00 

Internet: www.erne.net 

Email: info@erne.net 

Gröber GmbH 

Holzleimbau - Holzbau 

Biberacher Straße 19 

D-88436 Eberhardzell-Füramoos 

Fon: +49 (0) 7358 / 960-0 

Fax: +49 (0) 7358 / 960-60 

Internet: www.groeber.de 

Email: info@groeber.de 

LIGNOTREND Produktions GmbH 

Rohbausysteme -Massivhozelemente 

Landstraße 25 

D-79809 Wielheim-Bannholz 

Fon: +49 (0) 7755 / 9200-0 

Fax: +49 (0) 7755 / 9200-55 

Internet: www.lignotrend.de 

Email: info@lignotrend.de 

Schaffitzel Holzindustrie GmbH+ Co. 

Holzbau – Holzleimbau - Brückenbau 

Herdweg 23 

D-74523 Schwäbish Hall 

Fon: +49 (0) 79 07 / 98 70-0 

Fax: +49 (0) 79 07 / 98 70-31 

Internet: www.schaffitzel.de 

Email: holzbau@schaffitzel.de 

• DERIX 

LIGNOTREND • 

• ERNE 


GRÖBER • 

• TICOMTEC 

• SCHAFFITZEL 

Distribution Berlin 

Intekt-Bau GmbH 

Schloßstraße 50 

D-12165 Berlin 

Fon: +49 030/80902293 

Fax: +49 030/80902295 

Handy: +49 0172/3107628 

E-mail : jan@keizers.de 

• 

Intekt-Bau 



©2011 Page 35 of 35

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