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Glued-in <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong><br />

<strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong><br />

Type G<br />

Type L<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong><br />

The content of this document may only be published or distributed to external parties only with the approval of TiComTec GmbH. TiCom-<br />

Tec GmbH withdraw from any responsibilities of damages or subsequent damages resulting from the use of the information contained within<br />

this document.<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Page 1 of 22


Table of Content<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

1. Basic Principles and Requirements ............................................................................................................... 3<br />

1.1 General Basic Principles ...................................................................................................................... 3<br />

1.2 Requirements for the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong>...................................................................................... 3<br />

1.3 Minimum Glued-in Length .................................................................................................................. 3<br />

1.4 Dimensions of the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> .......................................................................................... 4<br />

1.5 Requirements of the Notch .................................................................................................................. 5<br />

1.6 Provisions for Implementation............................................................................................................. 5<br />

2. Outline and Design for <strong>Connectors</strong> ............................................................................................................... 6<br />

2.1 Design Concept.................................................................................................................................... 6<br />

2.1.1 General ............................................................................................................................................ 6<br />

2.1.2 Design Process ................................................................................................................................ 6<br />

2.1.3 Design Process in Accordance with EC 5 ....................................................................................... 6<br />

2.1.4 Design Values of the Impact ........................................................................................................... 6<br />

2.2 Materials Requirements ....................................................................................................................... 7<br />

2.2.1 Adhesive.......................................................................................................................................... 7<br />

2.2.2 Wood............................................................................................................................................... 7<br />

2.2.3 <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector ..................................................................................................................... 7<br />

2.3 Load Duration and Use Classes ........................................................................................................... 8<br />

2.3.1 Duration of Load Impact ................................................................................................................. 8<br />

2.3.2 Use Class......................................................................................................................................... 8<br />

2.3.3 Modification Coefficients kmod........................................................................................................ 8<br />

2.4 Tension in the Direction of the Rod Axis ............................................................................................ 9<br />

2.4.1 Structural Safety Evaluation............................................................................................................ 9<br />

2.4.2 Minimum Distance During Tension or Compressive Loading........................................................ 9<br />

2.4.3 Calculated Values for the Yield Strength and the Tensile Strength of Threa<strong>de</strong>d Rods................. 10<br />

2.4.4 Tensile Force Limit of Connecting Rods (Threa<strong>de</strong>d Bolts) .......................................................... 10<br />

2.4.5 Analysis of the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector Type G ............................................................................. 11<br />

2.4.6 Analysis of the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector Type L.............................................................................. 12<br />

2.4.7 Analysis of Strength in Net Cross Section .................................................................................... 13<br />

2.4.8 Analysis of Lateral Tension in the Base Material ......................................................................... 13<br />

2.5 Tension Perpendicular to the Rod Axis.............................................................................................. 14<br />

2.5.1 General .......................................................................................................................................... 14<br />

2.5.2 Analysis in Tension Perpendicular to Rod Axis............................................................................ 14<br />

2.6 Temperature Effect on Structural Safety............................................................................................ 16<br />

2.6.1 General .......................................................................................................................................... 16<br />

2.6.2 Requirements for the Adhesive Joint ............................................................................................ 16<br />

2.6.3 Design for Fire Emergencies......................................................................................................... 16<br />

2.7 Connection Distortion........................................................................................................................ 17<br />

2.7.1 Tension in the Direction of the Rod Axis...................................................................................... 17<br />

3. Installation Instruction for Bonding Steel Parts........................................................................................... 18<br />

3.1 General............................................................................................................................................... 18<br />

3.2 Drilling and Positioning of the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector ...................................................................... 18<br />

3.3 Proceeding ......................................................................................................................................... 18<br />

4. Examples of Application ............................................................................................................................. 19<br />

5. Important Information on Liability.............................................................................................................. 20<br />

6. Attachments................................................................................................................................................. 21<br />

6.1 Literature............................................................................................................................................ 21<br />

6.2 Articles, Presentations, Reports ......................................................................................................... 21<br />

6.3 Standard, <strong>Technical</strong> Approvals/Accreditations, Recommendations .................................................. 22<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Seite 2 von 22


1. Basic Principles and Requirements<br />

1.1 General Basic Principles<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

The implementation of glued-in <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector in load bearing woo<strong>de</strong>n construction elements<br />

requires staffs that are in charge of the equipment to be especially trained and skilled in this specific<br />

equipment. In this document, implemented tasks are based on the basic principles in accordance with<br />

DIN 1052:2008-12 and our own trials from the processes of obtaining the general technical accreditation.<br />

Furthermore, national standards and regulation must be consi<strong>de</strong>red in the <strong>de</strong>sign and implementation.<br />

1.2 Requirements for the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong><br />

The <strong>de</strong>sign <strong>de</strong>tails are relevant for connectors in woo<strong>de</strong>n construction elements with glued-in steel<br />

rods. The top surface of the steel rods can either be galvanised or non-galvanised. The steel rods gra<strong>de</strong><br />

must be in accordance with the <strong>de</strong>sign specifications provi<strong>de</strong>d.<br />

1.3 Minimum Glued-in Length<br />

The glued-in length must be at least in accordance with the length of the profiled main body.<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Page 3 of 22


1.4 Dimensions of the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong><br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

<strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector Type G <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector Type L<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Seite 4 von 22


1.5 Requirements of the Notch<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

The groove width adds to 5.0mm. The wood preparation should be completed just before the bonding<br />

to ensure a good adhesion between the wood and the adhesive. The notch is to be cleaned before the<br />

bonding for example with compressed air.<br />

1.6 Provisions for Implementation<br />

The installation instructions from the adhesive supplier must be followed for the bonding steel elements.<br />

If there is a connection with multiple connectors, jointed <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong>, which is subjected<br />

to tension on the rod axis and is connected with other components, the nuts must be tightened so<br />

that the tensile forces between each of the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> are evenly distributed.<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Page 5 of 22


2. Outline and Design for <strong>Connectors</strong><br />

2.1 Design Concept<br />

2.1.1 General<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

The concept and <strong>de</strong>sign for “glued-in steel parts in load bearing timber construction elements” require<br />

special expertise of the assigned engineer.<br />

2.1.2 Design Process<br />

The information for the <strong>de</strong>sign of the connections requires advance semi-probabilistic <strong>de</strong>sign method.<br />

Therefore the limit state between the load bearing and the usability can be distinguished and for an<br />

authoritative limit state of the load bearing capacity it is multiplied with appropriate safety factors.<br />

2.1.3 Design Process in Accordance with EC 5<br />

Various European Structural Co<strong>de</strong>s take into account a semi-probabilistic <strong>de</strong>sign process in accordance<br />

to the basic principle of the EUROCODE (EC5, EC1). The DIN 1052:2008-12 is the German<br />

standard for timber structural constructions and is based from the EC5. In this section, performed<br />

specifications are based on specifications provi<strong>de</strong>d in DIN 1052:2008-12. Design method, which is<br />

based on the concept of allowable stress may not use the information provi<strong>de</strong>d in this document!<br />

2.1.4 Design Values of the Impact<br />

The <strong>de</strong>sign values for the tension “Ed” in accordance to DIN 1055-100, “Action on Structures, Part<br />

100 Basic Principles of Structural Design” provi<strong>de</strong>s:<br />

Basic Combination:<br />

Exceptional Situation:<br />

Earth Quake:<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Seite 6 von 22


2.2 Materials Requirements<br />

2.2.1 Adhesive<br />

2.2.2 Wood<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

2-Components Polyurethane Adhesive (PURBOND® CR421)<br />

2-Components Epoxy Resin Adhesive (WEVO EP32S)<br />

Wood Species: Spruce and fir, laminated veneer wood.<br />

Bonding using other species of wood can only be done after consultation<br />

with the adhesive manufacturer.<br />

Strength Class: Recommen<strong>de</strong>d minimum requirements:<br />

Whole timber C24 or laminated timber GL24H<br />

Moisture Content of the Wood<br />

for Bonding: Normal case: U: ≤ 15%;<br />

When the expected equilibrium moisture content is u < 12 %, the<br />

moisture content should correspond to approximately the equilibrium<br />

moisture content when the wood is in use (~ +2, -3%)<br />

Wood Temperature for Bonding: t≥ 18°<br />

Other Basic Materials: The bonding of other basic materials is only recommen<strong>de</strong>d after consultation<br />

with TiComTec GmbH.<br />

2.2.3 <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector<br />

Strength Class: S235 und S355,<br />

Diameter: Outer diameter 50 mm<br />

Surface: Plain or Galvanised<br />

The surface is to be cleaned before the bonding<br />

Steel Temperature for Bonding: t≥ 18°<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Page 7 of 22


2.3 Load Duration and Use Classes<br />

2.3.1 Duration of Load Impact<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

The analysis of the limit state of the load bearing capacity and the usability is distinguished each time<br />

after timed stress, “Load Duration Class”.<br />

2.3.2 Use Class<br />

The classification of a construction element in the use classes comprises of the difference in the climatic<br />

impacts. Glued-in steel rods suitable for structural elements are of use classes 1 and 2 (DIN<br />

1052:2008-12). It is recommen<strong>de</strong>d to reduce the moisture variations in the wood with glued-in <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<br />

<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector to a minimum. Cracks must be consi<strong>de</strong>red. For the application area, special requirements<br />

of the adhesive are to be especially consi<strong>de</strong>red.<br />

2.3.3 Modification Coefficients kmod<br />

Calculated values of the modification coefficients kmod for glued-in <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector in whole<br />

and laminated timber.<br />

Load Duration Classes<br />

Magnitu<strong>de</strong> of the Accumulated<br />

Duration of the<br />

Characteristic Load Effect<br />

Use Class (NKL)<br />

1 2 3<br />

Constant Longer than 10 years 0.60 0.60 -<br />

Long 6 months up to 10 year 0.70 0.70 -<br />

Medium 1 week up to 6 months 0.80 0.80 -<br />

Short Shorter than 1 week 0.90 0.90 -<br />

Very Short Shorter than 1 minute 1.10 1.10 -<br />

Moisture Equilibrium from the Wood Material 10 +- 5% 15 +- 5% 18 +- 6%<br />

For the adhesive PURBOND CR542 the following are to be observed:<br />

- The modification factor kmod for load duration class “constant” is to be reduced in accordance<br />

to DIN 1052:2008-12 by around 15 %.<br />

- The bonding of steel bars in larch wood is not permitted.<br />

- The bonding of steel bars is only permitted in use class 1.<br />

- The temperature of the construction elements may not exceed 50 o C.<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Seite 8 von 22


2.4 Tension in the Direction of the Rod Axis<br />

2.4.1 Structural Safety Evaluation<br />

Failure of the Steel Rod: Fax,d ≤ Rax,S,d<br />

Failure in the Adhesive Joint in the Wood: Fax,d ≤ Rax,K,d<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

To ensure a ductile failure of the connection, the connections must be <strong>de</strong>signed so that the yield<br />

strength of the steel rod is reached before the failure of the adhesive joint:<br />

Rax,S,d < Rax,K,d<br />

2.4.2 Minimum Distance During Tension or Compressive Loading<br />

Perpendicular to the grain glued-in <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector<br />

Parallel to the grain glued-in <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector<br />

Individual and group arrangements<br />

Dimensions in cm<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Page 9 of 22


<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

2.4.3 Calculated Values for the Yield Strength and the Tensile Strength of Threa<strong>de</strong>d<br />

Rods<br />

Yield Strength of Threa<strong>de</strong>d Rod: Rax,S,d= Aef,S x fy,b,k /1.1/ γM<br />

Tensile Strength of Screw Connections: Rax,S,d= Aef,S x fu,b,k /1.25/ γM<br />

For the <strong>de</strong>sign of the steel rods, the smaller of the two values must be taken.<br />

2.4.4 Tensile Force Limit of Connecting Rods (Threa<strong>de</strong>d Bolts)<br />

Recommen<strong>de</strong>d calculated values for the kN of each threa<strong>de</strong>d rods with metric threads<br />

Steel Rod Diameter Classification of Strengths<br />

Rated-Ø As 4.6 4.8 5.6 5.8 8.8<br />

mm mm² kN kN kN kN kN<br />

M6 20.1 3.99 5.32 4.98 6.64 10.63<br />

M8 36.6 7.26 9.68 9.07 12.10 19.36<br />

M10 58.0 11.50 15.34 14.38 19.17 30.68<br />

M12 84.3 16.72 22.29 20.90 27.87 44.59<br />

M14 116.7 23.15 30.86 28.93 38.58 61.73<br />

M16 157.0 31.14 41.52 38.93 51.90 83.04<br />

M20 245.0 48.60 64.79 60.74 80.99 129.59<br />

M24 353.0 70.02 93.36 87.52 116.69 186.71<br />

M27 459.0 91.04 121.39 113.80 151.74 242.78<br />

M30 561.0 111.27 148.36 139.09 185.45 296.73<br />

1).Rod strength class 4.6, 5.6 and BSt 500S, St500/580 shows distinct ductile behaviour<br />

2). Cross section tension of threa<strong>de</strong>d rods with metric threads<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Seite 10 von 22


2.4.5 Analysis of the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector Type G<br />

The analysis is based on the buckling load tests at the MPA Wiesba<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

Load Bearing Capacity of the Steel <strong>Pipe</strong> Body:<br />

Steel Gra<strong>de</strong>: S235<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

Tensile Strength Ru,k = 100.80 kN Ru,d = 91.64 kN<br />

Yield Strength Ry,k = 67.20 kN Ry,d = 61.09 kN<br />

Tensile Strength of the Wood: (Gross Cross Section)<br />

Smallest Cross Section: 80/80 mm<br />

Wood Quality: C24<br />

Use Class = 1; Load Duration Class= medium; kmod= 0.8<br />

Tensile Strength: ft,0,k= 14.0 N/mm²<br />

Load Bearing Capacity: Rt,0,k= 89.60 kN Rt,0,d= 55.14 kN<br />

Analysis of the Adhesive joint:<br />

Groove Diameter: da= 50 mm di= 45 mm<br />

Glued-in Length: lad= 100 mm<br />

Adhesive Surface: Aad= 29845 mm²<br />

Char. Adhesive Joint: fK1,k= 4.0 N/mm²<br />

Pull-out Resistance: RK1,k= 119.38 kN RK1,d= 73.46 kN<br />

Recommendation: For the use class 2, multiply the load bearing capacity of the adhesive joint<br />

with a factor of 0.85.<br />

Example:<br />

Buckling Load test at the MPA Wiesba<strong>de</strong>n with a 4-parts <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector<br />

group Type G.<br />

Kraft [kN]<br />

500<br />

450<br />

400<br />

350<br />

300<br />

250<br />

200<br />

150<br />

100<br />

50<br />

Kraft-Verschiebungs-Diagramm<br />

Load-Shift-Diagram<br />

8.8 – Wood failure above<br />

5.6 – Screw failure above<br />

4.6 – Screw failure below<br />

0<br />

0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0<br />

Verschiebung [mm]<br />

Schrauben 4.6 unten Schrauben 5.6 oben Schrauben 8.8 unten<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Page 11 of 22


2.4.6 Analysis of the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector Type L<br />

Load Bearing Capacity of the Steel Body:<br />

Steel Gra<strong>de</strong>: S355<br />

Tensile Strength Ru,k = 76.50 kN Ru,d = 69.55 kN<br />

Yield Strength Ry,k = 54.00 kN Ry,d = 49.00 kN<br />

Load Bearing Capacity of the Wood: (Gross Cross Section)<br />

Smaller Cross Section: 80/80 mm<br />

Wood Quality: C24<br />

Use Class= 1: Load Duration Class= medium; kmod= 0.8<br />

Tensile Strength: ft,0,k= 14.0 N/mm²<br />

Load Bearing Capacity Rt,0,k= 89.60 kN Rt,0,d= 55.14 kN<br />

Analysis of the Adhesive Joint:<br />

Groove Diameter: da= 50 mm di= 45 mm<br />

Glued-in Length: lad= 100 mm<br />

Adhesive Surface: Aad= 29845 mm²<br />

Char. Adhesive Joint Strength: fK1,k= 4.0 N/mm²<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

Pull-out Resistance: RK1,k= 119.38 kN RK1,d= 73.47 kN<br />

Analysis of the Adhesive Anchors:<br />

Char. Adhesive Dowel Strength in nh= 6 Anchor Rows: fKDü,k= 1.30 kN<br />

Number of Adhesive Dowel: neff = 6 x 2 x 4 = 48 Adhesive Dowel<br />

RKDü,k= 48 x 1,30 kN = 62.40 kN<br />

RKDü,d= 62.4 kN x 0,615 = 38,40 kN<br />

Recommendation:<br />

For the use class 2 multiply the load bearing capacity of the adhesive joint with a factor of 0.85.<br />

Numerous tests at the MPA Wiesba<strong>de</strong>n have confirmed the strength values for the adhesive dowels.<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Seite 12 von 22


2.4.7 Analysis of Strength in Net Cross Section<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

Recommendation:<br />

As the smallest woo<strong>de</strong>n cross section it is recommen<strong>de</strong>d for a square cross section with b x h = 80 x<br />

80 mm 2 , accordingly to 6400 mm 2 , or a round cross section with a diameter from d = 80mm, accordingly<br />

5026 mm 2 . The failure surface of a <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector is 371mm 2 . The largest cross section<br />

weakening is thus:<br />

Square Cross Section ηQ= 371/6400 = 0.06<br />

Round Cross Section ηR= 371/5026 = 0.07<br />

To be on the safe si<strong>de</strong> and to account for the influence of the cross section weakening, the load bearing<br />

capacity of the rated wood can be multiplied with a factor<br />

ηN= 0.90<br />

2.4.8 Analysis of Lateral Tension in the Base Material<br />

In tensile load perpendicular to the wood grain, an analysis of the base material is to be conducted if<br />

the glued-in length is less than 0.7 of the component height.<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Page 13 of 22


2.5 Tension Perpendicular to the Rod Axis<br />

2.5.1 General<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

Glued-in <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector with an applied load perpendicular to the rod axis can be measured as<br />

for conventional dowel pin, especially of Type A1/B1 (Apple Dowel). The following factors have an<br />

influence on the load bearing capacity perpendicular to the rod axis:<br />

- Diameter of the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector<br />

- Thickness and Steel Gra<strong>de</strong> of the Connector Parts<br />

- Angle of the Load Tension/Wood Grain<br />

- Compliance with the Minimum Distance<br />

- Wood Qualities (C 24, GL24 ...)<br />

- Bulk Density<br />

- Use Class of the Construction Components (Use Class 1)<br />

- Load Duration Class of the Tension (Load Duration Class = Medium)<br />

The <strong>de</strong>sign is carried out according to all applicable national standards or appropriate application<br />

document.<br />

2.5.2 Analysis in Tension Perpendicular to Rod Axis<br />

Failure in the Steel Components: FV,d ≤ RV,S,d<br />

Failure in the Wood: FV,d ≤ RV,d<br />

The Shearing Limit Va,R,d of a Threa<strong>de</strong>d Bolt M16 is:<br />

Strength Class Shearing Limit Va,R,d [kN]<br />

4.6 43.9<br />

5.6 54.8<br />

8.8 87.7<br />

Dowel Type A1/B1 (Apple-Dowel) is so rigid that the available power is almost completely transferred<br />

from the dowel. This theory can also be applied to the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector. The characteristic<br />

load bearing capacity of a <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector with d<strong>HSK</strong>= 50 mm in the grain direction can be<br />

calculated with the following equation:<br />

Rj,0,k= 0.035 x d<strong>HSK</strong> 1,5<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Seite 14 von 22


<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

Minimum values of the characteristic load bearing capacity of wood perpendicular to the rod axis un<strong>de</strong>r<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>ration of the following terms:<br />

Load-Grain Angle α<br />

<strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector Ø50 mm<br />

Char. Load Resistance in Tension Perpendicular to Grain (kN)<br />

° Ø 50<br />

0 12.37<br />

15 12.08<br />

30 11.33<br />

45 10.47<br />

60 9.71<br />

75 9.23<br />

90 9.07<br />

For simultaneous load from shear and pull the combined analysis is conducted in accordance to the<br />

following equation:<br />

(FV,d / RV,d) 2 + (Fax,d / Rax,d) 2 ≤ 1<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Page 15 of 22


2.6 Temperature Effect on Structural Safety<br />

2.6.1 General<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

The <strong>de</strong>sign of load bearing structures for fire emergencies is to take into account the countries or project<br />

specific requirements.<br />

2.6.2 Requirements for the Adhesive Joint<br />

Connections that are used for load bearing structure of existential important must be calculated in accordance<br />

to the requirements for fire emergencies. The necessary strength of the adhesive joint in<br />

glued-in steel rods is analysed with:<br />

PURBOND ® CR421 up to 50°C<br />

and<br />

WEVO EP32S up to 60 °C.<br />

Preliminary tests at the MPA Wiesba<strong>de</strong>n have shown that the temperature level can also be carried by<br />

glued-in <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector.<br />

2.6.3 Design for Fire Emergencies<br />

The ISO-Standard Temperature Curve (ISO-Standard 834) shows a temperature difference of ∆T<br />

822°C after 30 minutes of fire exposure in fire room.<br />

For a period after 60 minutes, the temperature difference from ∆T 925°C is shown.<br />

If there is a request for the structure or the connection to have a fire resistance class F30B (R30) or<br />

F60B (R60), then necessary measures must be taken to ensure that the adhesive-specific temperature<br />

in the adhesive joints and in the steel rods is not excee<strong>de</strong>d.<br />

Furthermore it should be noted that the heat of the steel parts lying on the surface can be transferred to<br />

the steel parts lying on the insi<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Up to an adhesive joint temperature of 45 o C a higher plastic shift occurred.<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Seite 16 von 22


2.7 Connection Distortion<br />

2.7.1 Tension in the Direction of the Rod Axis<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

During an initial load effect until the complete power transfer effect, a plastic shift (slip) occurred. The<br />

information below is based on tests at the CTBA in Bor<strong>de</strong>aux with steel rods of Ø 16mm.<br />

Slip per Steel Rod: w≤ 215 kN/mm<br />

Shifting Module (Medium Values): Kser= 215 kN/mm<br />

Shifting Module (5%-Percentile Values): Kser,5%= 179 kN/mm<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Page 17 of 22


3. Installation Instruction for Bonding Steel Parts<br />

3.1 General<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

The provisions provi<strong>de</strong>d by the adhesive manufacturers are to be followed in each case. Requirements<br />

during adhesion process to achieve maximum strength:<br />

Room Temperature: ≥ 20°C<br />

Material Temperature (Wood and Steel): ≥ 18°C<br />

Wood Moistness: ≤ 15%<br />

Connections which can cause structural failure of the load bearing construction elements are to be<br />

prepared with special care. The basic parameters must be comprehensively documented with an installation<br />

protocol. Additionally, it is recommen<strong>de</strong>d after agreement with the responsible engineer, to<br />

prepare a corresponding reference block or test specimen and to test the failure load until a fracture is<br />

<strong>de</strong>termine.<br />

3.2 Drilling and Positioning of the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector<br />

The drill-hole in the base material is to be created with special equipment. In positioning the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<br />

<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector, it is to ensure that the rod is fully covered with adhesive in the base material.<br />

3.3 Proceeding<br />

1. Verify the wood humidity, room and surrounding temperature<br />

2. Compare the steel rod quality with the <strong>de</strong>sign specifications<br />

3. Make the holes for the steel rod and ventilation openings<br />

4. Clean the holes with compressed air and <strong>de</strong>grease the steel parts<br />

5. Bring and position the <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> Connector<br />

6. Prepare the adhesive cartouche and the dispensing equipments<br />

7. Inject the adhesive<br />

8. Write installation report/protocol<br />

9. Wait for har<strong>de</strong>ning<br />

10. Muster evenly the tightening torque of the parent compounds<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Seite 18 von 22


4. Examples of Application<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

Joints for timber frame construction<br />

Built-in reinforcement<br />

Fastening points in plywood board for<br />

dynamic tests.<br />

Tension points for adhesive joints<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Page 19 of 22


5. Important Information on Liability<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

This publication has been ma<strong>de</strong> with great care and accuracy. All information contained in here, information<br />

and references are based on basic principles, formulas and safety provisions pursuant to the<br />

technical instructions, operation and installation processes and further documentations of the TiCom-<br />

Tec GmbH, which are correct at the time of production. All information and values contained here are<br />

of average values after laboratory tests and other control terms and conditions.<br />

The user is automatically accountable for the appropriateness of the data un<strong>de</strong>r consi<strong>de</strong>ration of the<br />

terms and conditions of the application and inspection of relevant products.<br />

The user has to test, if the mentioned requirements and criteria are effective and conform to the building<br />

site. TiComTec GmbH can provi<strong>de</strong> general instructions and advice for the selection of the right<br />

products for a special application and can therefore produce the conforming instructions for application<br />

but the customer/user is solely accountable.<br />

All products are in strict conformity with all actual instructions, which are to be released with application<br />

and written consent of TiComTec GmbH. The shipment of products and the consultation are to be<br />

carried out in general by the terms and conditions of TiComTec GmbH. TiComTec GmbH strives to<br />

in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ntly further <strong>de</strong>velop its productivity. Therefore we hold the rights to instructions; specifications<br />

etc. and have the right to make changes without notification.<br />

TiComTec GmbH takes no responsibility for indirect or direct <strong>de</strong>fect or consequential damage, casualties<br />

or costs in relation to the application or because of the impracticality of application for anyone<br />

inten<strong>de</strong>d purpose. By implication, authorised representations for the application or the applicability for<br />

a specific purpose shall be explicitly exclu<strong>de</strong>d.<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Seite 20 von 22


6. Attachments<br />

6.1 Literature<br />

<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

[1] François Colling: Holzbau - Grundlagen und Bemessungshilfen. 2.Auflage,<br />

Vieweg+Teubner, 2008, ISBN 978-3-8348-0259-0<br />

[2] François Colling: Holzbau – Beispiele. 2.Auflage,<br />

Vieweg+Teubner, 2008, ISBN 978-3-8348-0258-3<br />

[3] För<strong>de</strong>rgesellschaft Holzbau und Ausbau GmbH: DIN 1052 Praxishandbuch Holzbau 2. überarbeitete<br />

Auflage, Beuth Verlag GmbH , 2010, ISBN 978-3-410-17176-8<br />

[4] Schnei<strong>de</strong>r K.-J.: Bautabellen für Ingenieure. 18.Auflage,<br />

Werner Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-8041-5236-6<br />

[5] Helmuth Neuhaus: Ingenieurholzbau. 2.Auflage,<br />

Vieweg+Teubner, 2009, ISBN 978-3-519-15248-4<br />

6.2 Articles, Presentations, Reports<br />

[6] Bahmer, R.; Bathon, L. (2003): „Mut zu Neuem – 10 m frei spannen<strong>de</strong> Holz-Beton-Verbund-<br />

Flach<strong>de</strong>cke“, Bauen mit Holz, Bru<strong>de</strong>rverlag, Karlsruhe, 3/2003, Seite 21 – 25<br />

[7] Pörtner, Dr.-Ing. Carsten (2006): Untersuchungen zum Verbund zwischen eingeklebten stiftförmigen<br />

faserverstärkten Kunststoffen und Holz, Schriftenreihe Bauwerkserhaltung und<br />

Holzbau, UNI Kassel, ISBN-13: 978-3-89958-191-1<br />

[8] Bathon, L.; Bletz, O.; Schmidt, J. (2006): „Untersuchungsbericht Nr. 113-06 zur Tragfähigkeit<br />

von PUR-Klebstoffen unter Temperatureinfluss“, Fachhochschule Wiesba<strong>de</strong>n, Holzbaulabor<br />

[9] Bathon, L.; Bletz, O. (2008): „In Holz eingeklebte Verbindungsmittel aus Metall“, die neue<br />

quadriga 2/2008, Seite 13 - 18<br />

[10] Gehri, E.: (2009) Eingeklebte Anker – Anfor<strong>de</strong>rungen und Umsetzungen<br />

IHF 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirschen, Band 1<br />

[11] Bathon, L.; Bletz-Mühldorfer, O.; Schmidt, J.; Weber, M.; Weil, M. (2010) „Zur Temperaturbeständigkeit<br />

und Ermüdungsfestigkeit von in Holz eingeklebten Gewin<strong>de</strong>stangen und Lochblechen“,<br />

die neue quadriga 2/2010, Seite 45 - 49<br />

[12] Bahmer, R.: (2010): Geklebte Stahl/Holz/Verbindungen – starre Verbindung mit geringer<br />

Querschnittsschwächung, Tagungsband 1. Internationale Holzbrückentage IHB 2010, Bad<br />

Wörishofen<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Page 21 of 22


<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Dossier</strong> <strong>HSK</strong> ® -<strong>Pipe</strong> <strong>Connectors</strong> 2010-12<br />

6.3 Standard, <strong>Technical</strong> Approvals/Accreditations, Recommendations<br />

[12] Standard DIN 1052:2008-12: Concept, Calculation and Design for Timber Constructions –<br />

general <strong>de</strong>sign rules and <strong>de</strong>sign rules for building construction.<br />

Berlin: Beuth Verlag GmbH<br />

[13] General Building Authority Accreditation: Z-9.1-557. Wood-Concrete-Composite Systems<br />

with glued-in HBV-Shear <strong>Connectors</strong>. Valid until 04.07.2015<br />

TiComTec GmbH, D-63808 Haibach<br />

[14] General Building Authority Accreditation: Z-9.1-705.<br />

2K-EP Adhesive WEVO-Special Resin EP32S with WEVO-Accelerator B 22 TS<br />

For bonding steel rods into woo<strong>de</strong>n materials valid until 31.01.2014<br />

WEVO-CHEMIE GmbH, D-73760 Ostfol<strong>de</strong>rn-Kemnat<br />

[15] General Building Authority Accreditation: Z-9.1-707.<br />

2K-PUR-Adhesive PURBOND ® CR421 for bonding steel rods into woo<strong>de</strong>n materials valid<br />

until 31.05.2015<br />

PURBOND AG, CH-6203 Sempach-Station<br />

TiComTec GmbH, Goethestr. 60, D-63808 Haibach, Fon: +49(0)6021/44642-67, Fax: +49(0)6021/44642-68<br />

www.ticomtec.<strong>de</strong><br />

©2010 Seite 22 von 22

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