Understanding Your Y-DNA Results Contents - Genebase

4 types of Y-DNA tests are available:
GTB-DYR, VERSION 2.4, LAST UPDATED MAY 15, 2012 Downloading Y-DNA Results
Y-DNA Test Type Prerequisite Purpose Description
Y-DNA STR Tests
(required)
Y-DNA Backbone
SNP Test
(optional)
Y-DNA Subclade
SNP Test
(optional, only
available for selected
Haplogroups)
Y-DNA Stand Alone
SNP Test
(optional, only
available for selected
Subclades)
none To be used in DNA
Reunion, Indigenous
DNA and DNA
Archaeology search
applications. Can
also predict your Y-
DNA Haplogroup.
Y-DNA STR Test,
minimum 20 STR
markers
Y-DNA Backbone
SNP Test or a
“strong” Haplogroup
prediction strength
from the Y-DNA
STR test
Y-DNA Subclade
SNP Test
To confirm your Y-
DNA Haplogroup
To confirm your Y-
DNA Subclade
To further refine
your Y-DNA
Subclade
This test is the starting point for Paternal ancestry research. This test will
allow you to search for Paternal line relatives, look for matches to
indigenous populations and also allows you to predict which Y-DNA
Haplogroup you most likely belong to. There are several options for STR
testing including 20 markers, 44 markers, 67 markers, and 91 markers. As
long as you have at least 20 markers, you will be able to use most of the
search and analysis features. Testing more than 20 markers is
recommended for those individuals who have found matches in DNA
Reunion and wish to fine tune their comparison with matching individuals to
narrow down the TMRCA (time to most recent common ancestor). Testing
more Y-DNA STR marker will not improve your Y-DNA Haplogroup
prediction. If you are interested in confirming your Y-DNA Haplogroup, you
must take the Y-DNA Backbone SNP test. For beginners, we recommend
testing 20 or 44 markers, and then getting more markers once you find
matches and wish to narrow down the matches.
The Y-DNA Backbone SNP test analyzes a selection of SNP markers
within your Y-Chromosome in order to conclusively confirm which Y-DNA
Haplogroup you belong to.
This test is only recommended if your predicted Y-DNA Haplogroup based
on Y-DNA STR testing is “weak” or “medium”. If you have a “strong”
prediction for your Y-DNA Haplogroup based on STR testing, you can skip
the Y-DNA Backbone SNP test and go directly to the Y-DNA Subclade test.
When the Y-DNA Haplogroup prediction strength is “strong”, the predicted
Y-DNA Haplogroup is unlikely to change, so the Y-DNA Backbone SNP
test is optional.
The Y-DNA Subclade SNP test analyzes a selection of SNP markers within
the Y-Chromosome in order to confirm your Y-DNA Subclade.
Subclade testing is currently only available for the following Y-DNA
Haplogroups: E, G, I, J, L, O, Q, R.
Over time, new SNPs are discovered and the Y-DNA Phylogenetic tree will
continue to expand and become more detailed as new discoveries are
made. If a new SNP is discovered in your branch of the Y-DNA tree, the
new SNP will automatically be offered to you for purchase as a “Stand
Alone SNP” test. This allows you to continue to refine your results over
time as new discoveries are made. As new Y-DNA SNPs are discovered
that are relevant to you, the test will automatically appear as an option on
your account.
Tip: It is recommended that you begin by testing only your Y-DNA STR markers (20 markers minimum). Once you receive your results and
have had a chance to better understand how genetic genealogy works and have become more familiar with DNA Ancestry Project features, you
can decide whether additional testing is required in your particular case. All of the features in the DNA Ancestry Project are fully accessible with
Y-DNA STR markers. 20 to 44 markers are more than sufficient in most cases. Testing more Y-DNA STR markers is recommended if you have
found matches in DNA Reunion and wish to further fine tune the TMRCA (time to most recent common ancestor) calculation. Please remember
that testing more Y-DNA STR markers will not confirm your Y-DNA Haplogroup. If your Y-DNA Haplogroup prediction strength is weak or
medium, you can take the Y-DNA Backbone SNP test to confirm your Y-DNA Haplogroup. The Y-DNA Backbone SNP and Y-DNA Subclade
SNP tests are optional and only intended for those individuals who wish to confirm their Y-DNA Haplogroup or determine their Y-DNA Subclade.
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