Understanding Your Y-DNA Results Contents - Genebase

GTB-DYR, VERSION 2.4, LAST UPDATED MAY 15, 2012 Downloading Y-DNA Results
Appendix 1 - Summary of Y-DNA Haplogroups
Haplogroup Time and Place
Emerged
A
The man who founded Y-
Defining SNP DNA Haplogroup A lived
mutation: approx 75,000 to 100,000
M91
years ago in Africa.
Haplogroup A is one of
the deepest and most
ancient branches of the
Y-chromosomal family
tree.
B
Defining SNP
mutations:
M60, M181
C
Defining SNP
mutations:
M130, M216,
P184, P255,
P260
D
Defining
mutation:
M174
The man who founded Y-
DNA Haplogroup B was
born approx 60,000 to
75,000 years ago in East
Africa.
The man who founded Y-
DNA Haplogroup C was
born approx 60,000 to
75,000 years ago in the
Middle East.
The man who founded Y-
DNA Haplogroup D was
born approx 60,000 to
75,000 years ago in Asia.
Region descendents found Ancestors
Region(s) found: Y-DNA Haplogroup A is mainly found in the
Southern Nile region and Southern Africa. The highest frequency of
Y-DNA Haplogroup A is found in A2 (M6) – Khoisan peoples. the
Khoisan of Southern Africa. It is also found at lower frequencies in
other areas of Africa including Morocco, Egypt and Cameroon.
Subclades:
A1 (P108) - Moroccan Berbers
A2 (M6) – Khoisan peoples.
A3 (M32) – Rarely found today. Eastern and Southern Africa.
A3b1 (M51) - Most frequently found in Khoisan peoples, also found in
lower frequencies amongst Bantu peoples of Southern Africa.
A3b2 (M13) – East Africa and Northern Cameroon.
Region(s) found: Today, descendents of Y-DNA Haplogroup B can
be found in sub-Saharan Africa, including Southern Sudan (Hausa),
Central Sudan (Nuba) and Madagascar.
Subclades:
B1 (M236/M288) – Bamileke from southern Cameroon
B1a (M146) – Mossi from Burkina Faso, Mali
B2 (M182) – Mbuti from Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bakola
from Southern Cameroon, Dama from Namibia, Biaka from Central
African Republic, India.
B2a (M150) – Mbuti from Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tupuri
from Northern Cameroon, Luo from Kenya, Dogon from Mali, Baka
from Central African Republic and Kikuyu and Kamba from Kenya.
B2b (M112, M192) – Pygmy from Central Africa, Juu in Southern
Africa, Hadzabe in East Africa.
Region(s) found: Haplogroup C descendents followed a coastal
migration out of Africa along the Southern Asian coastline into and
eventually settled in areas along the coastal pathway in Southeast
Asia, Australia, up the Asian Coast and in the Americas. Today,
descendents of Y-DNA Haplogroup C can be found in India,
Southeast Asia, Polynesians, Australian aborigines, Mongolians,
Kazakhs, Koreans, Manchurians, and Na-Dene peoples of the
northwest Pacific coast of America.
Native American ancestry: Na-Dene peoples of the northwest
Pacific coast of America.
Subclades:
C1 – Japanese and Ryukyuan populations of Japan
C2 – Indonesia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia
C3 – Mongolia, Russian Far East and Na-Dene (Native Americans)
C4 – Indigenous Australians
C5 – South and Central Asia
C6 – New Guinea
Famous ancestors: Genghis Khan
Region(s) found: Like Haplogroup C, descendents of Haplogroup D
also followed a coastal migration out of Africa along the Southern
Asian coastline into then upwards along the coast to populate East
Asia. Today, descendents of Y-DNA Haplogroup D can be found in
Tibet, the Japanese Archipelago and the Andaman Islands. It is also
found in low frequencies in Central Asia and Northern East Asia. It is
not found in India or the Americas.
Subclades:
D1 – Tibeto-Burman populations of Southwestern China
D2 – Ainu, Japanese and Ryukyuans
D3 – Tibet, Tajikistan, Central Asia
© 2012 DNA Ancestry Project | support@genebase.com 30
The man who
founded Y-
DNA
Haplogroup A
is a direct
descendent
of Y-
Chromosoma
l Adam
(MRCA, most
recent
common
ancestor).
Descended
from BT
which
descended
from Y-
Chromosoma
l Adam.
Descended
from CF
which
descended
from BT
which
descended
from Y-
Chromosoma
l Adam.
Descended
from DE
which
descended
from CF
which
descended
from BT
which
descended
from Y-
Chromosoma
l Adam.
E The man who founded Y- Region(s) found: Today, descendents of Y-DNA Haplogroup E are Descended