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INTRODUCTION TO BOTANY. 59
Hispid, hispidus, Mrsutus, hirtus. Galeopsis nodosus,
Scabiosa arvensis, Sinapis arvensis, Geranium dissectum.
Spinose, spinel tosus, eclmialus. Dipsacus fullonum.
13. Armature.
Prickly, Caulis aculeatus. Arms affixed to the bark,
Rosa rubiginosa, R. centifolia, Rubus fruticosus.
Thorny, spinosus. Arms affixed to the wood. Genista
Anglica.
Branches.
First branches, Ramus. First divisions of the stem.
Second branches, branchlets, twigs, Hamuli. First divisions
of the branches.
Third branches, small twigs^ RarmmcuU. Second divisions
of the branches.
1. Attachment.
Alternate, Rami alterni. Shooting out singly in different
directions at nearly equal distances. Alcea rosea, Rhamnus
catharticus.
One rowed, secundi.
Algae varise.
Shooting out on one side only.
l^wo-rowed, disticlii. Ranged in two opposite rows.
Ulmus vulgaris, Abies Canadensis.
Opposite, • oppositi. Growing in pairs from opposite
points. Fraxinus, tEscuIus Hippocastanum.
Crossing, decussati. Growing in pairs which cross each
other at right angles. Syringa vulgaris, Acer major.
Whorled, verticillati. Placed in circles round the main
stem. Equisetum fluviatile, Abies pectinata, Pinus syl-
vestre.
Scattered, sparsi. Placed without any determinate order.
Usually owing to abortion.
2. Direction.
Erect, Rami erecti. Growing almost perpendicular to
the horizon. Salsola fruticosa, Euphrasia officinalis, Populus
fastigiata.
Closed, appressi. Converging very close to the main
stem. Genista tinctoria, Populus fastigiata.
Inflected, inirqflexi, inciirvi. Anastatica Hierunchita, &c.
Open, patentes, patuli. Forming with the main stem
an angle of about 45°. Galium vulgare, Erysimum offi-
cinale.