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554 54.. Spongil. 2.THALASSIOPHYTiE. Pl.cell.aph, Spongia rnniosa fluviatilis, Rail Syn. 30, 5. SpongiUa rainosa, Lam. Hist, 2, 100. Spongia lacuslris, Lin. Syst. Nat. 1, 1299. Ephidaiia lacuslris, Lamour. Pol. 6. Bottoms of lakes and ponds. &. digitata, TliaUiis digitate, slightly branched. Sijongia fluviatilis ramosa fragilif, Raii Syn. 30, 6. y. gracilis. Tkallus and hranchss slender, branched. Spongia canaliiim, Gmel. Syst. Nat. 1, 3S26. EpJitdati.a canalium, Lamouroux, 6. H. Spongidi.s. Thallus continuous, gelatinous, formed of interlaced, flexnous, horny fibres or asbestine spiculae, very porous, absorbing much water; spondia scattered in the jelly of the thallus.— Yellow or brown, becoming white; when dry tough and flexible. XXX. Bo. TUPHA. Tiiphe. Thallus fixed, roundish, solid, very porous, leaflike; bi'anches simple or compound; formed of interwoven, bentj horny, reticulated fibres, without any chalklike matter. a. Bra?2ched, hranches simple or compound. 1. Tupha oculata. Eyelet iuphe.. Thallus much branched, soft; branches roundish, blunt, dotted with marginal pores. Spongia oculata, Ellis Corall, 80. Sea-shore. Thallus 9 inches high, bottom naked, tough, woody; above branched. ^. elegans. Tkallus pale brown; branches divaricating and closing together at top ; tips blunt, 4 or 5-cut. 2. Tupha stuposa. Towlike iuphe. Thallus branched ; branches towlike, round, covered Avith pointed hairs. Spongia stuposa, Ellis Zooph, 186. Spongia cervicornis, Pallas? Sea-shore. B. gracilis. Thallus very slender, beautifully white branches ascending, very hairj'. y. damicormis. Thallus palmate, divaricating, like the antlers of a buck.
Fl.cell.aph. 2.THALASSIOPHYT^. 55. Tupha. 355 3. Tupha palyiata. Palmate tuphe. Thallus palmate, with fingerlikc divisions on the edge, and small prominent pores irregularly disposed. Spongia palinata, Ellis Zooph. 189. Sea-shore. Texture similar to that oft. oculata, but not so soft when dry : pores more numerous, disposed over the whole surface. 4. Tupha coallia. Coalesce/it iitphe. Thallus much branched, corky, brittle; branches irregu- lar, distorted, rather comjjressed. Spnnijia coaliia, Gmelin Syst.Nat. I, SS25. Spongia Lycopotiiuin, Esper, 2, 269. Sea-shore. 5. Tupha hispida. HUp'ui tuphe. Thallus branched; branches long, slender, round, tv.'oforked, covered with stiff hairs. Spongia iiispida, Montague in Weni. Tr. 2, 81. Sea- shore. Thallus a foot long, or more. ^.J'urcaia. Thallus with short forked tips. 6. Tupha dichotoma. Ttvo-forked iuplie. Thallus branched, upright, nearly cylindric, tornentose, covered with small pores. Spongia dichotoma, Ellis Zooph. IS7 ; Lin. Syst. Nat. 1, IS99. Sea-shore. Thallus brown, long, two-forked, straight, tapering, becoming compressed at the fork, but not so nuicli as t. oculata; branches longer and straighter, texture firmer and less woody. 7. Tupha digitata. Fius.er tuphe. Thallus branched; branches very slender, two-forked, fmgerlike at their tip; surface granulated. Spongia digitata, Montague JVern. Tr. 2, 84, Bottom of the sea. Thallus iron-brown at bottom, above pale yellow, not so thick as a straw, slightly compressed, tough, flexible. 8. Tupha ramosa. Branched tuphe. Thallus palmated and fingered round the top. Spongia ramosa, Montague Wcrn. Tr. 2, S4. 2 A 2
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Fl.cell.aph. 2.THALASSIOPHYT^. 55. Tupha. 355<br />
3. Tupha palyiata. Palmate tuphe.<br />
Thallus palmate, with fingerlikc divisions on the edge,<br />
and small prominent pores irregularly disposed.<br />
Spongia palinata, Ellis Zooph. 189.<br />
Sea-shore.<br />
Texture similar to that oft. oculata, but not so soft when<br />
dry : pores more numerous, disposed over the whole surface.<br />
4. Tupha coallia. Coalesce/it iitphe.<br />
Thallus much branched, corky, brittle; branches irregu-<br />
lar, distorted, rather comjjressed.<br />
Spnnijia coaliia, Gmelin Syst.Nat. I, SS25.<br />
Spongia Lycopotiiuin, Esper, 2, 269.<br />
Sea-shore.<br />
5. Tupha hispida. HUp'ui tuphe.<br />
Thallus branched; branches long, slender, round, tv.'oforked,<br />
covered with stiff hairs.<br />
Spongia iiispida, Montague in Weni. Tr. 2, 81.<br />
Sea- shore.<br />
Thallus a foot long, or more.<br />
^.J'urcaia. Thallus with short forked tips.<br />
6. Tupha dichotoma. Ttvo-forked iuplie.<br />
Thallus branched, upright, nearly cylindric, tornentose,<br />
covered with small pores.<br />
Spongia dichotoma, Ellis Zooph. IS7 ;<br />
Lin. Syst. Nat. 1, IS99.<br />
Sea-shore.<br />
Thallus brown, long, two-forked, straight, tapering, becoming<br />
compressed at the fork, but not so nuicli as t. oculata;<br />
branches longer and straighter, texture firmer and<br />
less woody.<br />
7. Tupha digitata. Fius.er tuphe.<br />
Thallus branched; branches very slender, two-forked,<br />
fmgerlike at their tip; surface granulated.<br />
Spongia digitata, Montague JVern. Tr. 2, 84,<br />
Bottom of the sea.<br />
Thallus iron-brown at bottom, above pale yellow, not so<br />
thick as a straw, slightly compressed, tough, flexible.<br />
8. Tupha ramosa. Branched tuphe.<br />
Thallus palmated and fingered round the top.<br />
Spongia ramosa, Montague Wcrn. Tr. 2, S4.<br />
2 A 2