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188 INtRODUCTION TO BOTANY. % Adherent, adhcerens, infera. United to the caljoc, or perigonium, which covers it entirely. Campanulaceoe, Iris. Semi-adherent, semi-adhcerens. United at bottom with the calyx. Samolus. Free, inadhcerens, supera. Not united with the calyx or perigonium. Lilium, Papaveraceae, Caryophyllese. ^ Opening outwards, exterius dehiseens. Lilium, Orchis, Convolvulus, Oxalis. Opening inwards, interiua dehiseens. Opening in the centre, which can only take place in many-headed capsules. Nigella Hispanica, Saxifraga. PI. 16, fig. 24. Opening by the teeth, dentihus dehiseens. Statice, Primula officinalis, Silene. Opening by cracks, Jissuris dehiseens. Canna,~Epidendron. Opening by holes, foraminihus dehiseens. Antirrhinum, in which the holes are irregular, and produced by the rupture of the sides of the pericarp. Papaver, in which the holes are regular, and produced by the gaping of the upper part of the valves. Ledum, Campanula. PI. 16, fig. 31. Opening at top, apiee dehiseens. Antirrhinum majus, Papaver. Opening at bottom, hasi dehiseens. Ledum, Campanula rigida, Fumaria bulbosa. PI. 16, fig. 25. Septifragal, septifraga. Opening opposite the partitions. Saxifraga, Ipomsea purpurea. PI. 16, fig. 29. Septicidal, septieida. Opening between the cells, the cells parting from one another, the partition splitting into two flakes, one of which remains attached to each valve. Rhododendrum Ponticum. PI. 16, fig. 27. Loculicidal, loculicida. Opening in the middle of the cells. Irideae. PI. 16, fig. 26. If a one-celled capsule, having parietal placentaria, opens so as to divide the latter longitudinally, the dehiscence is analogous to the septicidal ; but if it divides into two or more valves, each furnished with a parietal placentarium in its middle, the dehiscence is analogous to the loculicidal. COMPOUND FRUITS. Fructus etasrionares, Fructus chorionares. Fruit com' posed of several simple fruits united together.

introduction to botany. 189 Double Follicle. Bifolliculus. Follicula. Fruii composed of two long mem- Iranaceous, univalve pericarpiums, each opening Vy a longi- tudinal suture. Asclepiadese. PL 17, fig. 12. Erythrostomum. Syncarpa, Etaerio. Fruit composed of several small berry" like utricles, seated upoji a scarcely apparent polyphore. Rubus. PI. 18, fig. 8. Baccalaurius. Fruit analogous to the erythrostome, hut the pericarps are fewer, and not so close. Drymis. ASIMINE. Asimina. Fruits analogous to the erythrostome, hut the fleshy carpelles are more or less soldered together. Anona, PI. 18, fig. 21. Etjerion. Etaerio, Plopocarpium. Fruit composed of several ca~ mares, united together round a real or ideal axis. Crassu- laceae, Aconiti, Spireas. PI. 17, fig. 17, 18 and 19. Sphaerical, Etcerio sphcericus, gloLosus, capitatus. Ranunculus bulbosus. Magnolia, Liriodendrum. Nearly ovoid, sulovoideus, Rubus. Dishlike, discoideus. Alisma major. Spikelike, spiciformis. Myosurus minimus. Berrylike, baccatus. Composed of juicy camares which unite together as they ripen, and form a kind of berry by their union. Anona, Rubus. Induviated, induviatus. Enclosed in the persistent calyx. Rosa. ^ Three-camared, tricamarus. Veratrum album, Aconitum lycoctonum. Four-cam ai'ed, tetracamarus. Potamogeton natans. Five-camared, pentacamarus. Paeonia, Clematis erecta, Sedum. Many-camared, polycamarus. Ranunculus, Magnolia, Lyriodendrum, Rubus.

introduction to botany. 189<br />

Double Follicle.<br />

Bifolliculus. Follicula. Fruii composed of two long mem-<br />

Iranaceous, univalve pericarpiums, each opening Vy a longi-<br />

tudinal suture. Asclepiadese. PL 17, fig. 12.<br />

Erythrostomum.<br />

Syncarpa, Etaerio. Fruit composed of several small berry"<br />

like utricles, seated upoji a scarcely apparent polyphore.<br />

Rubus. PI. 18, fig. 8.<br />

Baccalaurius.<br />

Fruit analogous to the erythrostome, hut the pericarps are<br />

fewer, and not so close. Drymis.<br />

ASIMINE.<br />

Asimina. Fruits analogous to the erythrostome, hut the<br />

fleshy carpelles are more or less soldered together. Anona,<br />

PI. 18, fig. 21.<br />

Etjerion.<br />

Etaerio, Plopocarpium. Fruit composed of several ca~<br />

mares, united together round a real or ideal axis. Crassu-<br />

laceae, Aconiti, Spireas. PI. 17, fig. 17, 18 and 19.<br />

Sphaerical, Etcerio sphcericus, gloLosus, capitatus. Ranunculus<br />

bulbosus. Magnolia, Liriodendrum.<br />

Nearly ovoid, sulovoideus, Rubus.<br />

Dishlike, discoideus. Alisma major.<br />

Spikelike, spiciformis. Myosurus minimus.<br />

Berrylike, baccatus. Composed of juicy camares which<br />

unite together as they ripen, and form a kind of berry by<br />

their union. Anona, Rubus.<br />

Induviated, induviatus. Enclosed in the persistent calyx.<br />

Rosa.<br />

^ Three-camared, tricamarus. Veratrum album, Aconitum<br />

lycoctonum.<br />

Four-cam ai'ed, tetracamarus. Potamogeton natans.<br />

Five-camared, pentacamarus. Paeonia, Clematis erecta,<br />

Sedum.<br />

Many-camared, polycamarus. Ranunculus, Magnolia,<br />

Lyriodendrum, Rubus.

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