secondary cells with lithium anodes and immobilized fused_salt

I
29.
(1965), studJed , tlw infl,uer!ce of ;trmpera'tur~., pressure, hydrogen-.
011 'ratio,, diluents,,. arid catalysts on the hydrncracking of low
temperature t'ars and reported minimum coke 4 ie'lds using tetralin
and cyclohexane as diluents. Katsnbbshv 111 and E;lbert (1906)
reported .a yield of 83.8% saleable. products when a tar distiyllate
boiling from.230° to 360oc was hydrocracked iri a continuous fixed
bed reactor at ,SO@.o to 550OC and 50 atmospheres under recycle conditions.
The. ec:onomIc feasibi 11 ty of pr-od.ucing gasoline' from coal
by the H-.coal prncass, wherein the heavy oil produced in the .first
stage was hydr'.ocrat kcd in a sllbsequent stage ~ was demonstrated ,by
the results pub.1ishe.d by Xlprrt, FS a:l ('1?66), Zielke, et a1
(1966). 1nvest.igated the. suitability cf z inci hallide catalysts for
hydrocracking c:oa'l c--xtracts fnr the production of gasoline. The
res~lts indicat.Ed that 0 maximuni yic.ld of 68% of gascrline. could
be obtained at 427°K. 4200 psi pressure and 60 minutes reaction
time. In the pre.,cent .communication, the results of hydrocracking
of a,low temperature coal tar in a batch autoclave over a catalyst
containing.,sulphides of nickel and tungsten, supported on si.licaalumina,
are descr ibtd The influence of temperature and pressure
on product, di.strib-ltion and kinetic; evi>Ludtitin of the data are
presented.
- Experimental
. . . .
- Materials.
Low temperature. tar from a 'high volatile bituminous coal from
I:tah was prepared by carbonization at 55OoC in a laboratory oven.
The light oil. boiling up to 200°C was se.parated frnm tar by dis.-.
tillation (Table. 1 1 . The catalyst (commercial) contained 6% ,nickel
and 19% -tungsten, bctti as su1phides; supported on si lica-.alumina
and had a surface area of 212 sq. meters per gram and size of -200
mesh,. 5-A mole.cu:l.&r sieves were of ctir.omatograpli.ic grade.
Equipment,
A 1-litre high pressure aautoclave with a magnetic drive
stirrer, pressure arld temperature control devices, liquid and gas
sampling lines, and water qlienching system (Figure 1) and hydrogen
cylinders with maximum pressure of 2300 psi were used.
- Procedure for hydror Lack ing experiments
In eacli expcrirnerit 100 c IC of tar and 10 grams of the catalyst
were used Ttie equipment was evacuated to remove most of the air,
filled with hydrogeri arid heated to the desired temperature. The
temperature I-os- to 3OOoC in 21 minutes and 500°C in 28 minutes.
The reactlon timf wds taken from the start of heating the equipment.
khen the reaction tc rnperature was reached, the pressure was adjusted
to the experimental value and maintained constant throughout except
in experiments c.ontlucted at pressures higher than 2000 psi where
there was a reduct~o~l 111 prtssure of about 200 to 300 psi during
,