secondary cells with lithium anodes and immobilized fused_salt

,
-
22.
Table 3. Discharge pyrolysis of coal in the presence of Ar
Volatile matter,
percent
Initial pressure of Ar,
Irn
Reaction time, min
Product, 10-1 mmoles/g. coal
E,
Cb
C?H2
C?Ha
co
c 02
H? 0
Total Gases, wt pct
C gasificd,'percent
C converted to gaseous
liydrucarbons, percent
Lignite hvab lvb Anthracite
44.0
5.1
5
86.8
2.1
10.4
0.6
79.5
8.6
7.5
33.5
19.4
4.5
39.2
5.1
20
9n.5
2.5
15.8
0.7
31.9
0.7
3.4
16.5
11.4
6.6
20.2 6.1
5.1 5.1
20 20
113 6/! .5
4.0 0.4
S.6 2.0
0.6 trace
10.8 4.2
0.2 trace
4.9 1.6
9.4 3.4
4.9 1.2
3.5 0.7
Tar -- Substantial amounts of tars were obtained from the hvab and the lvb coals
in the discharge pyrolyses. The tars were compared by IR and UV analyses with
the tar obtaincd from the thermal pyrolysis (at 700' C) of the hvab coal. All
tne 1: spectra showed the presence of usual aliphatic C-H bands (2860-2940, cm-')
and aromatic hands (740-860 ca-l) which are typical of pitch and coal. The tars
obtained from the discharse pyrolyses, however, exhibited weaker aromatic bands
and a stron:;cr carbonyl band (1710 cm-l) than the tar obtained from thermal
pyrolysis. The UV spectra (of the tars extracted by benzene or ethanol) exhibited
no distinct absorption band for the tar btained from the thermal pyrolysis, but
exhibited bands at 3140, 3309, and 3470 1 (which could be attributed to derivatives
of pyrene) for those obtained from the discharge pyrolyses.
All the residual chars exhibited no distinct band over the entire IR spectrum.
Effect of Cooling by Liquid Nitrogen ,
A. Hvab Coal -- When one end of an h-shaped reactor (vol. = 41 ml) was cooled
with iiquid Nz while the other leg containing the hvab coal was subjected to the
discharge pyrolysis, it was observed that the pressure reading of the reactor
never exceeded 0.5 mm during ?he course of the decomposition. The end products
consisted mainly of hydrocarbons and water, without significant amounts of H2 and
CO. Acecyiene was the main hydrocarbon, but substantial amunts of other C2, C?,
CI,, Cg and C6 hydrocarbons were also formed. Without liquid N2 cooling, the
other C2 and Cj hydrocarbons were insignificant and the C4, C5 and c6 hydrocarbons
were not measurable. The product analyses, except that for C4, C5 and c6 hydro-
carbons whicii constitute less than 2 percent of the gases, are shown in Table 4.
The extent 0: devolatilization and the hydrocarbon yield are significantly
increased.
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