A review of dipterocarps - Center for International Forestry Research

Biogeography and Evolutionary Systematics of Dipterocarpaceae
Table 6. Dipterocarp fossil distribution in time and space.
Fossil genera Number of species Geological periods
# : early period;
* : mid period;
& : upper period;
+ : early+mid-period;
** : mid+upper period.
The two successive hypotheses, of Aubréville’s
double-cradle areas, and of the Vozenin-Serra and Salard-
Cheboldaeff’s archipelago connection anterior to India’s
contact with Laurasia, could support a possible very
remote common ancestor of American, African and Asian
total country II III IV
Monotes oeningensis flower? 1 1 Hungary *
Monotoid fruit remants? 1 Germany, Austria
Switzerland
*
Cret. Eoc. Olig. Mio. Plio. Plei.
Monotoids?? :
3
&
Calicites alatus, C.obovatus
2 2 New-York USA &
Monotoid fossil?
1 1 Alaska
&
Dipterocarpoxylon? Woburnia 1 1 Great Britain &
Dipterocarpophyllum? 1 1 Egypt &
Dipterocarpophyllum 1 1 Nepal, N. India * *
Dipterocarpus-type pollen 1 1 Nepal, N. India *
" 1 1 Vietnam III
Dipterocarpoxylon? Monotoid
(Lemoigne 1978)
30 1 Ethiopia #
Dipterocarpoxylon? Monotoid? 2 Somalia & #
Dipterocarpoxylon 11 North India + #
" 2 Burma III
" 2 Vietnam III
" 3 Sumatra III IV
" 7 Java III
Anisopteroxylon 7 5 N. and NW India ** #
" 2 India ** #
Vaticoxylon 2 1 Sumatra IV
" 1 Java *
Vaterioxylon 2 2 North India & #
Shoreoxylon 23 13 3 India-Assam ** #
" 1 Northwest India ** #
" 1 North India III
" 3 South India ** #
" 1 Assam-Cambodia *
" 1 Burma III
" 1 Thailand # #
" 7 Sumatra * * IV
Pentacmoxylon?? 1 1 India III?
Hopenium 4 2 North India *
2 South India *
Dryobalanoxylon 13 1 Cambodia IV
" 1 South Vietnam # #
"
1 Borneo
*
Dryobalanops pollen
1 Borneo *
Dryobalanoxylon 6 Sumatra * *
" 5 Java ** #
19
dipterocarps. They could explain the particularities of
the Indian-Seychelles-Sri Lanka region, the existence of
Upuna in Borneo and the post Cretaceous explosion of
the dipterocarp family in the more humid and warm
conditions found in southeast Asia.