Flight Instructors Training Procedures _revised AIC_x

1. AIM
DEFINITION
EXERCISE 11
SPINNING & SPIN AVOIDANCE
A spin is a condition of flight where the aircraft is in autorotation which causes yawing, rolling and
pitching moments and results in the aircraft following a spiral path at a steady rate of descent.
WHAT THE INSTRUCTOR IS TO TEACH
i. Discuss the principles involved.
ii. The air exercise briefing:
a. Applicable procedures and checklists.
b. Aircraft handling techniques:- Demonstration and Observation.
c. Considerations of airmanship and engine handling.
d. Similarity to previous exercises.
e. De-briefing after flight.
WHY IT IS BEING TAUGHT
i. Safety factor – if the controls are mishandled during aerobatics or any other phase of flight, a
spin is in the worst situation that may result, other than major structural failure due to
overstressing the aircraft. If the student is able to recover from a spin, he may safely be
authorised to do solo general flying.
ii. It improves the student’s confidence and co-ordination.
HOW THE EXERCISE APPLIES TO FLYING
During aerobatics or when flying close to the stall during any phase of flight, the aircraft may not always
be handled carefully. A stall may result, which could be followed by a spin.
2. PRINCIPLES INVOLVED
1. THIS LESSON IS BASED ON A DELIBERATELY INDUCED, ERECT SPIN
2. AUTOROTATION
i. Discuss deliberately induced autorotation.
ii. Emphasise that an aircraft in autorotation rolls, pitches and yaws.
3. PROPERTIES OF A GYROSCOPE
i. Rigidity – depends upon:
a. Speed of rotation.
b. Mass of rotor.
c. Distance of mass from axis of rotation.
ii. Precession – when a force is applied to a rotating body, the movement observed
appears to have been caused by a force applied 90˚ around the rim from the actual
point of application in the direction of rotation. This is known as gyroscopic precession.
,+
!"#$ %# &"" '$ #