Flight Instructors Training Procedures _revised AIC_x

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1. AIM DEFINITION AEROBATICS LOOP A loop is the ultimate further effect of the elevator whereby the aeroplane is flown through 360˚ in the vertical plane, without change in direction. WHAT THE INSTRUCTOR IS TO TEACH i. Discuss the aerodynamic principles involved. ii. The air exercise briefing: a. Applicable <strong>Procedures</strong> and Check lists. b. Aeroplane handling techniques:- Demonstration and Observation. c. Consideration of airmanship and engine handling. d. De-briefing after flight. WHY IT IS BEING TAUGHT So that the student fully understands the principles involved, thereby enabling correct execution of the manoeuvre in the air. HOW THE EXERCISE APPLIES TO FLYING i. It accustoms the student to abnormal loadings on his body. ii. It is a confidence building manoeuvre. 2. PRINCIPLES INVOLVED 1. NEWTON’S LAWS 2. CENTRIPETAL FORCE 3. LOAD FACTORS AND STALLING SPEED 4. SPEED i. Why a high speed is necessary for the manoeuvre 5. DIVE AND POWER REQUIRED 6. LOOP PROPPER i. What happens to speed, load factor and stalling speed during the manoeuvre. ii. Slipstream. iii. Control effectiveness. 7. EFFECT OF: i. Density altitude. ii. Mass. !"#$ %# &"" '$ #
iii. Drag. iv. Power. 3. DESCRIPTION OF AIR EXERCISE a. APPLICABLE PROCEDURES AND CHECKLIST b. AEROPLANE HANDLING TECHNIQUES:- DEMONSTRATION OBSERVATION 1. THE LOOP i. Look out. ii. Complete aerobatic checks – HASELL. iii. Set climb power if C.S.U is fitted. iv. Set trimmers for straight and level flight and leave as set. v. Select line feature and points references on the ground. vi. Enter loop by carrying out wing-over entry into dive while lining up on line feature. vii. In dive – check engine RPM if fixed pitch propeller is fitted. viii. Note changing rudder and elevator forces as speed increases. ix. Ease out of the dive just before target speed for the manoeuvre. x. Apply full power as the nose cuts the horizon if a fixed pitch propeller is fitted. Changing rudder forces – slip or skid. xi. Check wings level as the nose cuts the horizon and again when vertical, inverted and in the dive. xii. Note changing rudder forces with decreasing speed – adjust control column pressure to fly aeroplane around the loop. xiii. Increasing backward pressure on the control column to ease aeroplane over the top of the loop. xiv. “Second” horizon – check wings level. xv. Smooth control movements at low speed. xvi. Check direction with “second” line feature. xvii. Relaxation on control movements at low speeds. xviii. Check engine R.P.M. if fixed pitch propeller is fitted. xix. Note changing rudder force – slip or skid. xx. Check direction with line feature. xxi. Climb away – check climb power. xxii. Minimum height for the aeroplane to be at an even keel is 2000ft agl. !"#$ # &"" '$ #
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Revised by Wouter Gous, Bob Ewing a
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EXERCISE 19: Instrument Flying.....
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FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR’S MANUAL OF TRA
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EXERCISE 1E EMERGENCY DRILLS When t
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ii. Propeller which cannot feather
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1. AIM EXERCISE 2 PREPARATION FOR F
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1. AIM EXERCISE 3 AIR EXPERIENCE To
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1. AIM DEFINITION EXERCISE 4 EFFECT
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1. EFFECT OF FLYNG CONTROLS i Demon
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4. EFFECT OF TRIM i. The student ma
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v. Use power setting that will not
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1. AIM DEFINITION EXERCISE 5 TAXYIN
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2. CONTROL OF DIRECTION AND TURNING
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3. Discuss the student’s actual f
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1. AIM DEFINITION EXERCISE 6 STRAIG
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i. Weathercocking stability - verti
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4. Demonstrate of the possibility o
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iii. Do not allow the student to us
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1. AIM DEFINITION EXERCISE 7 CLIMBI
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5. AIRCRAFT WEIGHT AND BALANCE i. D
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2. DEMONSTRATE THE EFFECT OF POWER
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4. BEST ANGLE OF CLIMB Demonstrate
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. For aircraft without a rudder tri
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1. AIM DEFINITION EXERCISE 8 DESCEN
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FORMULA: Rule of thumb - 75% of air
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iv. Levelling off from the glide at
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ii. From optimum/intermediate flap,
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d. SIMILARITY TO PREVIOUS EXERCISES
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1. AIM DEFINITION SIDE SLIPPING An
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2. SIDE SLIP WHILE TURNING - SLIPPI
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2. Discuss the common faults studen
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1. AIM DEFINITION EXERCISE 9 TURNIN
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) horizon and/or instruments indica
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1. AIM DEFINITION DESCENDING AND CL
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2. i. CLIMBING TURN From a straight
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d. SIMILARITY TO PREVIOUS EXERCISES
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slower airspeeds. Do not raise the
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ii. Climbing flight. iii. Turning f
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3. Discuss the student’s actual f
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4. DISCUSS: i. Symptoms of the appr
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4. ii. Demonstrate a stall from str
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7. 8. 9. 10. i. i. i. i. RECOVERY F
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v. Use of cowl flaps. vi Fuel manag
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4. THE AIRCRAFT AS A GYROSCOPE i. T
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iii. Rolling moments. 12. ENTRY The
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3. 4. i. i. ii. SPIN FROM A LEVEL T
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ENGINE CONSIDERATIONS i. As per air
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vii. Wind: a. Headwind. b. Crosswin
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2. 3. v. i. i. Crosswind leg. (Alte
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iii. Crosswind leg. iv. Engine fail
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iii. Fly the approach and execute t
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c. The steady wind correction shoul
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3. 4. iii. iv. Flare. Hold-off or f
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8. 9. i. ii. WHEEL LANDING - APPLIC
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Most problems in the circuit can be
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Advise ATC. Request assistance if r
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2. AERODYNAMIC AND MECHANICAL CONSI
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xi. The go-around procedure. 2. Dis
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3. DESCRIPTION OF AIR EXERCISE a. A
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5. EFFECT OF AIRCRAFT WEIGHT AND BA
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c. CONSIDERATIONS OF AIRMANSHIP AND
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4. DISCUSS: i. Turn rate. ii. Turn
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e. DE-BRIEFING AFTER FLIGHT 1. Brie
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iii. Propeller pitch. iv. Speed. v.
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5. 6. 7. 8. FAULT ANALYSIS While po
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xiii. Passenger briefing and forced
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1. AIM DEFINITION EXERCISE 17A LOW
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4. ii. i. During a turn. THE EFFECT
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c. CONSIDERATIONS OF AIRMANSHIP AND
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1. AIM DEFINITION EXERCISE 17B PREC
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3. d. Suitable open terrain. e. Sig
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iii. Height of possible cloud base
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1. AIM DEFINITION EXERCISE 18A PILO
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3. DEDUCED RECKONING NAVIGATION TEC
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3. 4. i. ii. IN TRANSIT TRACK ERROR
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9. 10. ii. 10% of flying time since
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e. DE-BRIEFING AFTER FLIGHT 1. Brie
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1. AIM DEFINITION EXERCISE 18B NAVI
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3. DESCRIPTION OF AIR EXERCISE a. A
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6. 7. iii. i. ) ) Note: Do not atte
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i. Poor height control. ii. Poor an
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LONG BRIEFING Objectives: a. Use of
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1. AIM EXERCISE 19 INSTRUMENT FLYIN
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c. Aircraft weight. 3.2 Climbs and
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13.3 Instrument failure. 13.4 Elect
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1. AIM LESSON 1 FULL PANEL MANOEUVR
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Turn co-ordinator. Altimeter and AS
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6. SIMILARITY TO PREVIOUS EXERCISES
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1. AIM LESSON 2 FULL PANEL MANOEUVR
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ix. CLIMBING AND DESCENDING TURNS )
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v. STALLS - CLEAN ),* increasing th
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9. BRIEFLY DISCUSS THE REQUIREMENTS
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), student to recover. ii. Have the
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vi. TIME TURNS i. required. Have st
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i. Correct scan. ii. The use of the
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vii. AWKWARD ATTITUDES ) the need t
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These exercises are absolutely vita
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ix. x. xi. xii. UNUSUAL ATTITUDES T
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1. AIM LESSON 9 INSTRUMENT TEST FOR
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1. AIM LESSON 10 USING THE ADF FOR
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1. AIM LESSON 11 USING THE ADF FOR
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1. AIM LESSON 12 INTERCEPTING AND M
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1. AIM LESSON 13 VOR AND ADF CONSOL
Page 223 and 224: 1. AIM LESSON 14 NDB HOLDING PATTER
Page 225 and 226: 9. BRIEFLY DISCUSS THE REQUIREMENTS
Page 227 and 228: ii. iii. iv. THE APPROACH THE MISSE
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Page 231 and 232: The demonstration of the importance
Page 233 and 234: iv. Timing and turning in the corre
Page 235 and 236: iv. Cockpit organization is vital.
Page 237 and 238: 6. SIMILARITY TO PREVIOUS EXERCISES
Page 239 and 240: iii. THE VOR/NDB APPROACH 5. CONSID
Page 241 and 242: The importance of a call like this
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Page 245 and 246: iii. THE NDB APPROACH * i. Ensure t
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Page 249 and 250: 5. CONSIDERATIONS OF AIRMANSHIP AND
Page 251 and 252: vi Failure to identify the navigati
Page 253 and 254: iii. WIND CORRECTION + ending in 2
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Page 257 and 258: 5. CONSIDERATIONS OF AIRMANSHIP AND
Page 259 and 260: 6. SIMILARITY TO PREVIOUS EXERCISES
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Page 267 and 268: . Aircraft electrical system failur
Page 269 and 270: ) path only. Use 30° bank angle to
Page 271 and 272: i. Same as in day flying. ii. Ensur
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Page 279 and 280: i. Manoeuvre executed to opposite s
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Page 283 and 284: . Effect of momentum during recover
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Page 287 and 288: . Mass. c. Drag. d. Power. 3. DESCR
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Page 291 and 292: c. CONSIDERATIONS OF AIRMANSHIP AND
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Page 299 and 300: 1. AIM DEFINITION EXERCISE 23 ASSYM
Page 301 and 302: DESIG- NATION Vs0 Vs1 Vmc Vmca Vmcg
Page 303 and 304: iii. Engine failure procedure: FLY
Page 305 and 306: 2. EFFECTS AND RECOGNITION OF ENGIN
Page 307 and 308: the airspeed to reduce. Note the ai
Page 309 and 310: * ) ix. Raise the landing gear and
Page 311 and 312: ii. iii. Base Leg. The Final Approa
Page 313 and 314: iv. Climbing and descending turns.
Page 315 and 316: PART 2 AIR EXERCISE BRIEFINGS * !"#
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Page 319 and 320: AIR EXERCISE BRIEFING EX 4: EFFECTS
Page 321 and 322: AIR EXERCISE BRIEFING EX 6: STRAIGH
Page 323 and 324: FLIGHT EXERCISE BRIEFING EXERCISE 9
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EFFECT OF CONTROLS: SLOW FLIGHT •
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IMPORTANT: ENTRY CHARACTERISTICS RE
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FLIGHT EXERCISE BRIEFING EXERCISE 1
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Flight Instructors Training Procedures _revised AIC_x

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