History of corn milling .. - Centrostudirpinia.it
History of corn milling .. - Centrostudirpinia.it History of corn milling .. - Centrostudirpinia.it
142 HISTORY OF CORN MILLING: vol. iv, KING'SMILLS LIVERPOOL. ' ^^ '^ known that I, Katharine, formerly the wife of Thomas del Hough, have given to Richard del Crosse, his heirs and assigns, one windmill with three selions adjacent, and all appurtenances, in the 3. Eastham town of Liverpool. To have and to hold the said mill and three Windmill. selions and appurtenances to the said Richard, his heirs and assigns ; Leases, rendering therefor annually to me twenty-six shillings and eight- 1257-1413. pence. Given at Liverpool on the Monday next after the Feast of St. Bartholomew [August 24], thirteenth year of Henry IV. [14 12]. 4. Eastham 4 By 1450 the Crosses' holding had terminated ; ^"^ *' our two mills " are again specifically mentioned Lease^nd Repairs, 1450. as leased out singly and apart from the town ; Edward Crosse, receiver for the Crown in 1451, thus accounting for their rentals :— Ministers' Et de xxi'f i'uf de firma molend. ventritici voc new mylne sic dim Accounts, Robto More ad t'mi anno3 p indentur penes ipsm reman : 29-30 Hy. VI. j;|- (]g xxvj^ viij'* de firma alt'ius molend ventritici ibm voc Etton Mylne sic dim loh'i Fleccher ad t'mi anno}. 13s. 4d. for the farm of the windmill called New Mylne, as devised to Robert More for a term of years by indenture in his possession ; 26s. 8d. for the farm of another windmill there [in Liverpool], called Etton Mylne, as demised to John Flecher for a term of years. The so-called ** new mill" was that of Townsend ; its rental being only one-half that of Eastham, then and later the largest and most important king's mill in Liverpool. The above compotus proves that it was not a *'new mill," like Townsend ; and, in fact, Crosse also accounts for payments made for its repair :— In div'sis custib} p appartorem ibm hoc anno apposite sup repacoe moli ventritici voc Etton mylne ut in opib} carpeii p. billam de pcell sup compm examinate iiij^ vij'*. In divers expenses for workmen incurred there during this year for the repair of the windmill called Etton Mylne as regards carpentry work, per bill of particulars certified in this account, 4s. yd. Close Rolls, In 1471 Edward Crosse himself held the fee-farme 11-13 w. . j^g^g^ q|- ^j^g town and its two windmills, and in 1475 Henry Crosse was lessee of the same. The total rental was ^14, the amount at which it remained till 1528, when it was increased to ^14 6s. 8d. It is by the
SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 143 amount of the fee-farme rent at this period that we may ^rr^rr^l\\Tr r ^ KINGS • MILLS • 1 1 -11 1 1 1 1 1 know the two mills were mcluded m the town lease, Liverpool. though they are not specially mentioned in the deeds. 5. In the next century occurs almost the only 5. Eastham evidence in the town books of the corporation exer- Windmill. 1 r ^ '^^ i • Corporation cismg a control oi the mills ; two enactments being Regulations, transcribed in the records of 1558 from a book of i54i- Precedents of about 1541, which is stated to have been then presented to the mayor. It is ordered by the Great Inquest [the chief Assembly of the Port Mote, i. 41. year] that no man shall sell any ground malt within the town, upon pain for every fault xij'* ; except the millers their toll malt. The practice of evading soke by purchasing flour and malt ready ground at some mill outside the town, beginning to creep into many astricted districts at this period, is found to be prohibited at various places throughout the country, as by regulations of the Millers' Guild at York, and soke restrictions at Text, ill. Wakefield while ; at Chester it was suppressed by }y^' ch^ni. stringent prosecutions. The other Liverpool regulation of 1 541 was :— Every miller, upon warning to them given, shall bring their toll dish to master mayor to [be proved of] a lawful size and sealed, upon pain of vj'^; — a salutary usage, already illustrated as of very general ibid., III., observance. ^ ' ^' ^°' 6. It becomes necessary to interpolate here what 6. Middle Mill, little history attaches to another mill ; for at this stage the long connection of the Crosse family with Eastham ^557- lease was about to be broken, and the equally long association of the Molyneuxs of Sefton with it to be commenced. Sir William Molyneux had held the sub- Duchy Leases, lease of the town since 1537, and his son. Sir Richard, ^xxii. 17.' had obtained from Henry VI IL in 1546 the lease in chief. But in 1553, when the latter was renewed, the Crosses seemed to have purchased, or otherwise gained,
- Page 111 and 112: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 91 September 4,
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- Page 123 and 124: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 103 they themsel
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- Page 129 and 130: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 109 parishioner]
- Page 131 and 132: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. Ill displeasure
- Page 133 and 134: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 113 Dee right of
- Page 135 and 136: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 115 In due cours
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- Page 147 and 148: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 127 Ere long the
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- Page 205 and 206: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 185 ^14 6s. 8d.
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SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 143<br />
amount <strong>of</strong> the fee-farme rent at this period that we may ^rr^rr^l\\Tr r ^<br />
KINGS •<br />
MILLS<br />
•<br />
1 1 -11<br />
1 1 1<br />
1 1<br />
know the two mills were mcluded m the town lease, Liverpool.<br />
though they are not specially<br />
mentioned in the deeds.<br />
5. In the next century occurs almost the only 5. Eastham<br />
evidence in the town books <strong>of</strong> the corporation exer-<br />
Windmill.<br />
1 r ^ '^^ i<br />
• Corporation<br />
cismg a control oi the mills ; two enactments being Regulations,<br />
transcribed in the records <strong>of</strong> 1558 from a book <strong>of</strong> i54i-<br />
Precedents <strong>of</strong> about 1541, which is stated to have<br />
been then presented to the mayor.<br />
It is ordered by the Great Inquest [the chief Assembly <strong>of</strong> the Port Mote, i. 41.<br />
year] that no man shall sell any ground malt w<strong>it</strong>hin the town, upon<br />
pain for every fault xij'* ; except the millers their toll malt.<br />
The practice <strong>of</strong> evading soke by purchasing flour<br />
and malt ready ground at some mill outside the town,<br />
beginning to creep into many astricted districts at this<br />
period, is found to be prohib<strong>it</strong>ed at various places<br />
throughout the country, as by regulations<br />
<strong>of</strong> the<br />
Millers' Guild at York, and soke restrictions at Text, ill.<br />
Wakefield while ; at Chester <strong>it</strong> was suppressed by }y^' ch^ni.<br />
stringent prosecutions. The other Liverpool regulation<br />
<strong>of</strong> 1 541 was :—<br />
Every miller, upon warning to them given, shall bring their toll<br />
dish to master mayor to [be proved <strong>of</strong>] a lawful size and sealed,<br />
upon pain <strong>of</strong> vj'^; —<br />
a salutary usage, already illustrated as <strong>of</strong> very general ibid., III.,<br />
observance.<br />
^ ' ^' ^°'<br />
6. It becomes necessary to interpolate here what 6. Middle Mill,<br />
l<strong>it</strong>tle history attaches to another mill ; for at this stage<br />
the long connection <strong>of</strong> the Crosse family w<strong>it</strong>h Eastham<br />
^557-<br />
lease was about to be broken, and the equally long<br />
association <strong>of</strong> the Molyneuxs <strong>of</strong> Sefton w<strong>it</strong>h <strong>it</strong> to be<br />
commenced. Sir William Molyneux had held the sub- Duchy Leases,<br />
lease <strong>of</strong> the town since 1537, and his son. Sir Richard, ^xxii. 17.'<br />
had obtained from Henry VI IL in 1546 the lease in<br />
chief. But in 1553, when the latter was renewed, the<br />
Crosses seemed to have purchased, or otherwise gained,
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