History of corn milling .. - Centrostudirpinia.it
History of corn milling .. - Centrostudirpinia.it History of corn milling .. - Centrostudirpinia.it
108 HISTORY OF CORN MILLING: vol. iv. III. his Majesty's ward, for their appearance, &c. They pray that, as they '^^ ^^^^^^' are free citizens and tradesmen, they may not be put to unnecessary '__ expense by proceedings at law : that the mayor will move the 24. The Poor Recorder to stay proceedings against them and what can or ; may Tradesmen bee justlie alledged agaynst them they will referre themselves to y'* 1622. Worshipps mature and deliberate censures. They suppose they have power to grind their own corn for their own use or benefitt at anie milne for theire best profitt, ease, and advantage : and desire the » advice and assistance of the Assembly, by which they will be bound, as they are of the poorer ranke, and not able to stande out in soe high a court and uppon such greate charges as this suite will requier ; while their cause is the cause of all the citizens. The sequel does not appear, but it needs no conjec- ture ; as, a dozen years later, copies of the petition were made by the Dee millers from the entries in the City Assembly Book, and produced in support of their own case against Russell and others. 25. Troubles 25. To this period is assignable an undated paper ^^^^"1622!^^^' containing " Mr. John Brerewood's allegations that Dee Mills should pay nothing to the repairs of St. Mary's Church," which is situated on the castle rock just above the mills. John Brerewood (son of Robert Brerewood, glover, thrice mayor of Chester, who died in 1600^) seems to have rented "one of the six corn mills" about 1622 ; and in justification of his protest against the imposition of a church rate drew up a kind of income tax schedule of his own devising :— Harl. MSS., First, by the deeds of the purchase [E. Gamull's] the mills are 2082. 6. not mentioned to be in any parish, but only standing on the water of the Dee. And if they be in any parish they must be in the parish of St. Werburgh [the cathedral], because it doth appear by several records that in anno 11 19 Richard, then Earl of Chester, granted a rent to the then abbot for the tithes, which rent is now received by the Dean and Chapter. This was long before St. Mary's was built. Secondly, the profits of Dee Mills ought not to be assessed : because it is a personal thing, and the profits do arise by great charge and expenses of the owners, who, besides their charge, pay 105^^ rent per annum. And a mylner is an Art and facultie and an Handicraft within the statute of 2 Edward VI., cap. 13. See my lord Cookes 2nd Instit. in his comts. upon ArticuH cleri^ cap. 5, page 621. Thirdly, [receiving a rent out of a parish does not make a man a * " 1600. Mr. Robert Brerewood, mayor, caused the bakers to bake farthing cakes ; wheat being at 12s. the old bushell."—Annals of Chester.
SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 109 parishioner]. Fourthly, for my part I have only one of the six corn ^ HI. mills, for which I pay 21" rent per annum, and I keep an Horse, ^Hp^y^^^' which doth cost me in his keeping at least 7" per annum. And also I keep two men and a woman that sells my corn, which receive in 26. Action yearly wages from me at least 22^^ per annum, besides milstones, against Boughcandles, sope, tallow, and repaires of the mill, which I can safely ton Mill 162^ make Oath of, is more then I get by my mill. 26. Scarcely were the foregoing affairs cleared up, when, in 1623, the widow of William Davenport, gent., was found to be grinding malt for citizens at her rural horse-mill at Boughton. This had been built by her late husband in 1620, and had been con- stantly worked by him. Upon his widow continuing the trade, however, she was served with process, and a *' Writ of Commission out of the Prince his highness Court of Wardes and Livery " was promptly directed to four justices to examine her upon the charge. This preliminary enquiry took place at the house Harl. MSS., of William Fisher, innholder, September 22, ^°^^' ^^°' 1623; but Jane did not state very much. She was forty-four years old, and knew several mills (which she named) in and near the city that had been working for years ; one for at least twenty-five years : corn had been carried to the Boughton mill without interruption away from the Dee millers, and till this present affair she never knew of any such complaint or interruption from them : she had never heard of any one being fined for not grinding at Dee Mills : the rate of toll at her mill she did not know, but believed her servant there took one measure for twenty and four* : her mill was more profitable than the Dee Mills to the maltsters in grinding malt by reason of the closeness thereof: she had never used any words of discom- mendation concerning either the grist or the taking of toll at Dee Mills. The inference from these state- ments appears to be that the widow had been allowed to work the mill until her tongue had run away with her * The rate at Dee Mills being one in sixteen.
- Page 77 and 78: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 67 2. It was in
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- Page 87 and 88: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 67 of wheat to b
- Page 89 and 90: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 69 were so impov
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- Page 169 and 170: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 149 In July 1577
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SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 109<br />
parishioner]. Fourthly, for my part I have only one <strong>of</strong> the six <strong>corn</strong> ^ HI.<br />
mills, for which I pay 21" rent per annum, and I keep an Horse, ^Hp^y^^^'<br />
which doth cost me in his keeping at least 7" per annum. And also<br />
I keep two men and a woman that sells my <strong>corn</strong>, which receive in 26. Action<br />
yearly wages from me at least 22^^ per annum, besides milstones, against Boughcandles,<br />
sope, tallow, and repaires <strong>of</strong> the mill, which I can safely ton Mill 162^<br />
make Oath <strong>of</strong>, is more then I get by my mill.<br />
26. Scarcely were the foregoing affairs cleared up,<br />
when, in 1623, the widow <strong>of</strong> William Davenport,<br />
gent., was found to be grinding malt for c<strong>it</strong>izens at<br />
her rural horse-mill at Boughton. This had been<br />
built by her late husband in 1620, and had been con-<br />
stantly worked by him. Upon his widow continuing<br />
the trade, however, she was served w<strong>it</strong>h process, and<br />
a *' Wr<strong>it</strong> <strong>of</strong> Commission out <strong>of</strong> the Prince his highness<br />
Court <strong>of</strong> Wardes and Livery " was promptly directed<br />
to four justices to examine her upon the charge.<br />
This preliminary enquiry took place at the house Harl. MSS.,<br />
<strong>of</strong> William Fisher, innholder, September 22,<br />
^°^^' ^^°'<br />
1623; but<br />
Jane did not state very much. She was forty-four<br />
years old, and knew several mills (which she named)<br />
in and near the c<strong>it</strong>y that had been working for years ;<br />
one for at least twenty-five years : <strong>corn</strong> had been<br />
carried to the Boughton mill w<strong>it</strong>hout interruption<br />
away from the Dee millers, and till this present affair<br />
she never knew <strong>of</strong> any such complaint or interruption<br />
from them : she had never heard <strong>of</strong> any one being<br />
fined for not grinding at Dee Mills : the rate <strong>of</strong> toll<br />
at her mill she did not know, but believed her servant<br />
there took one measure for twenty and four* : her<br />
mill was more pr<strong>of</strong><strong>it</strong>able than the Dee Mills to the<br />
maltsters in grinding malt by reason <strong>of</strong> the closeness<br />
there<strong>of</strong>: she had never used any words <strong>of</strong> discom-<br />
mendation concerning e<strong>it</strong>her the grist or the taking <strong>of</strong><br />
toll at Dee Mills. The inference from these state-<br />
ments appears to be that the widow had been allowed<br />
to work the mill until her tongue had run away w<strong>it</strong>h her<br />
* The rate at Dee Mills being one in sixteen.
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