History of corn milling .. - Centrostudirpinia.it
History of corn milling .. - Centrostudirpinia.it History of corn milling .. - Centrostudirpinia.it
90 HISTORY OF CORN MILLING VOL. IV. III. DEE MILLS, CHESTER. 13. Action against the Abbey Mills, 1567- Had. MSS., 2081. 253. Text, IL 262. defrauding and breach of all the orders of the Honour- able Court." Also "the said complainants be daily endamaged hundreds of their multure by reason thereof and example of the same ; so that unless some speedy remedy be provided they shall not be able to pay their rents, due and payable for the same." Evidently Mrs. Bavand had plenty of friends among the inhabitants ; and making allowance for possible exaggeration of damages, the complainants no doubt felt the loss of multure she caused to be withdrawn to her " free mills." The next step is to be found in the *' Examinations taken in the Queenes Exchequer in her Castle of Chester" four days later (September 19, 1570), when every one of the widow's millers, carriers, and other servants ("great and small," as in Dublin in 1309) were carried off and examined as to the felonious practices of their mistress.— John Marshall, miller, has known the widow Margaret Bavand as farmer of the mills in question toll for corn ground. for seven years " She and her past. She took maid doth come every day as occasion serveth, and doth measure the same toll [corn] with a dish, and baggeth it up and carryeth the same away." Jane, wife of Richard Skagvener, " three score and od yeares or thereabouts," has known the watermill and the windmill beyond the Widow Bavand ground Northgate above fifty years. corn there brought on horses from the city. Thomas Mayre, carrier (who carefully states that he is now the 'Mate carrier"), says he used to go daily by her commandment with two horses to fetch all manner of corn and grain from any of the inhabitants. *' When wynd wantyd at the wyndmyll he carryed the corne to the watermyllne, and when water was scante he carryed the corne to the wyndmyll." Marquess Hogges was also a late carrier, but had never carried corn since
SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 91 September 4, and knew nothing about the matter ; j)ee^J[J;t t c being evidently a specially unwilling witness. Ellys Chester. ' Anderton, carrier, others . gave John Huntingdon, blacksmith, and 13. Action further condemnatory evidence against against the the defendant. ^L Margaret's contempt of court being proved, an order was issued on March 24, 1571, against her, John Marshall, her miller, Thomas Meire, her carrier, and three women-servants :— It appeareth by sufficient proof that the said defendant hath Had. MSS., broken the former order [1567] in contempt of the Court: Where- 2081. 109. fore it is ordered by the Right Honourable Robert Earl of Leicester, with the advice of the Council of the same Court, that process of attachment be awarded against the said defendant, returnable the twelfth day of April next. And at her appearance, to be committed to ward in the Castle of Chester, there to be punished for the con- tempt aforesaid. And that she shall remain in ward until she shall enter into bonds with sufficient sureties from henceforth not to infringe or break the said order by any means ; but to perform and accomplish the said order according to the tenour and effect of the same. And also shall consent to pay to the plaintiffs the sum of thirty-five shillings for their costs and charges in the suit. After this we hear nothing more of the brave- hearted widow, whose desperate attempt to earn a . living for herself and her family at the expense of Dee Mills proved so utter a futility. 14. During the progress of the preceding affair 14. Introduc- Ralph Goodman, in 1570, had died, his interest pass- ^'°^,|^^ ing to William Goodman, who had joined Thomas Goodman in the prosecution of the Bavand suit. William Goodman, a prominent citizen, was several times mayor of Chester, and died during his year of office, in 1579. His widow, Elizabeth, in 1583, became the second wife of Alderman Edmund Gamull, who, by this alliance, was led to take that official interest in the mills which eventuated in his purchasing them and inaugurating the reigns of the most famous of all the king's millers of Dee. of two * ^* ^^ g
- Page 59 and 60: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 39 Roger and Ade
- Page 61 and 62: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 41 De dono regis
- Page 63 and 64: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 43 Court and ; H
- Page 65 and 66: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 45 de communi II
- Page 67 and 68: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 47 the safety of
- Page 69 and 70: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 49 and for which
- Page 71 and 72: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 51 9. The forepf
- Page 73 and 74: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 53 1 10. Thus af
- Page 75 and 76: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 65 CHAPTER III.
- Page 77 and 78: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 67 2. It was in
- Page 79 and 80: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 59 longer any pr
- Page 81 and 82: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 61 lands in the
- Page 83 and 84: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 63 Inquisition h
- Page 85 and 86: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 66 Richard Ingen
- Page 87 and 88: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 67 of wheat to b
- Page 89 and 90: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 69 were so impov
- Page 91 and 92: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 71 The new names
- Page 93 and 94: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 73 quantity as m
- Page 95 and 96: ought'oTrind. SOME FEUDAL MILLS 75
- Page 97 and 98: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 77 son of Willia
- Page 99 and 100: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 79 and there aby
- Page 101 and 102: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 81 hath byn out
- Page 103 and 104: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 83 mills for twe
- Page 105 and 106: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 19 Henry VIL (15
- Page 107 and 108: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 87 keeping the o
- Page 109: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 89 esq., testifi
- Page 113 and 114: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 93 suffer him to
- Page 115 and 116: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 95 with certain
- Page 117 and 118: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 97 years at this
- Page 119 and 120: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 99 continuance o
- Page 121 and 122: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 101 And that the
- Page 123 and 124: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 103 they themsel
- Page 125 and 126: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. the river of Dee
- Page 127 and 128: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 107 another mana
- Page 129 and 130: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 109 parishioner]
- Page 131 and 132: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. Ill displeasure
- Page 133 and 134: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 113 Dee right of
- Page 135 and 136: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 115 In due cours
- Page 137 and 138: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 117 •111* 1 Pe
- Page 139 and 140: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 119 bene." He di
- Page 141 and 142: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 121 in his house
- Page 143 and 144: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 123 at St. Mary'
- Page 145 and 146: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 125 CHAPTER IV.
- Page 147 and 148: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 127 Ere long the
- Page 149 and 150: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 129 In these ref
- Page 151 and 152: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 131 Everton was
- Page 153 and 154: SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 133 been establi
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SOME FEUDAL MILLS. 91<br />
September 4, and knew nothing about the matter ;<br />
j)ee^J[J;t t c<br />
being evidently a specially unwilling w<strong>it</strong>ness. Ellys Chester. '<br />
Anderton, carrier,<br />
others . gave<br />
John Huntingdon, blacksm<strong>it</strong>h, and 13. Action<br />
further condemnatory evidence against against the<br />
the defendant. ^L<br />
Margaret's contempt <strong>of</strong> court being proved, an<br />
order was issued on March 24, 1571, against her,<br />
John Marshall, her miller, Thomas Meire, her carrier,<br />
and three women-servants :—<br />
It appeareth by sufficient pro<strong>of</strong> that the said defendant hath Had. MSS.,<br />
broken the former order [1567] in contempt <strong>of</strong> the Court: Where- 2081. 109.<br />
fore <strong>it</strong> is ordered by the Right Honourable Robert Earl <strong>of</strong> Leicester,<br />
w<strong>it</strong>h the advice <strong>of</strong> the Council <strong>of</strong> the same Court, that process <strong>of</strong><br />
attachment be awarded against the said defendant, returnable the<br />
twelfth day <strong>of</strong> April next. And at her appearance, to be comm<strong>it</strong>ted<br />
to ward in the Castle <strong>of</strong> Chester, there to be punished for the con-<br />
tempt aforesaid. And that she shall remain in ward until she shall<br />
enter into bonds w<strong>it</strong>h sufficient sureties from henceforth not to<br />
infringe or break the said order by any means ; but to perform and<br />
accomplish the said order according to the tenour and effect <strong>of</strong> the<br />
same. And also shall consent to pay to the plaintiffs the sum <strong>of</strong><br />
thirty-five shillings for their costs and charges in the su<strong>it</strong>.<br />
After this we hear nothing more <strong>of</strong> the brave-<br />
hearted widow, whose desperate attempt to earn a .<br />
living for herself and her family at the expense <strong>of</strong><br />
Dee Mills proved so utter a futil<strong>it</strong>y.<br />
14. During the progress <strong>of</strong> the preceding affair 14. Introduc-<br />
Ralph Goodman, in 1570, had died, his interest pass- ^'°^,|^^<br />
ing to William Goodman, who had joined Thomas<br />
Goodman in the prosecution <strong>of</strong> the Bavand su<strong>it</strong>.<br />
William Goodman, a prominent c<strong>it</strong>izen, was several<br />
times mayor <strong>of</strong> Chester, and died during his year <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>of</strong>fice, in 1579. His widow, Elizabeth, in 1583,<br />
became the second wife <strong>of</strong> Alderman Edmund<br />
Gamull, who, by this alliance, was led to take that<br />
<strong>of</strong>ficial interest in the mills which eventuated in his<br />
purchasing them and inaugurating the reigns<br />
<strong>of</strong> the most famous <strong>of</strong> all the king's millers <strong>of</strong> Dee.<br />
<strong>of</strong> two<br />
* ^*<br />
^^<br />
g