Eckhard Bick - VISL

3.7.2. Making the most of the lexicon 160
3.7.2.1. Level interaction: The secondary tags of valency 160
3.7.2.2. Level interaction: Secondary semantic tags 163
3.7.3. Local vs. global rules: Constraint typology 167
3.8. Mapping: From word class to syntax 182
3.9. Performance: Measuring correctness 187
3.9.1. Training texts 187
3.9.2. Test texts 187
3.9.3. Text type interference and tag set complexity 189
3.10. Speech data tagging: Probing the limits of robustness 191
3.10.1. Text/speech differences in a CG perspective 191
3.10.2. Preprocessing tasks 191
3.10.3. Grammar tasks 193
3.10.4. Positive side effects: Robustness 196
3.10.5. Evaluation 197
4. THE SYNTACTIC LEVEL: A DEPENDENCY DESCRIPTION OF PORTUGUESE 200
4.1. Flat functional dependency grammar 200
4.1.1. Dependency markers and function tags: Syntactic form and function 200
4.1.2. Dependency relation types: Clause and group structure 206
4.1.3. The clause: Arguments and adjuncts 211
4.2. Group types and group level function 217
4.2.1 The nominal group (NP) 218
4.2.2. The adpositional group 226
4.2.3. The prepositional group (PP) 229
4.3. The verb chain 232
4.3.1. The predicator: Constituent group or clause hierarchy? 232
4.3.2. Verbal matrices: How to define an auxiliary 236
4.4. Clause types and clause function 250
4.4.1. Finite subclauses 250
4.4.2. Non-finite subclauses (infinitives, gerunds, participles) 251
4.4.3. Averbal subclauses (small clauses) 256
4.4.4. Past participle constructions 266
4.4.4.1 Ablativus absolutus 266
4.4.4.2. Participle valency and arguments 267
4.5. Under the magnifying glass: Special research topics 270
4.5.1. Predicative constructions 270
4.5.1.1. Copula mediated subject complements and focus assignment 270
4.5.2. Comparison structures 277
4.5.3. Tagging the quantifier ‘todo’ 294
4.5.4. Adverbial function 298
4.5.4.1. Argument adverbials 298
4.5.4.2. Adjunct adverbials 305
4.5.4.3. Intensifier adverbs 314
4.5.4.4. Complementizer adverbs: Interrogatives, relatives and comparatives 316
4.5.4.5. Adverb disambiguation and operator adverbs 322
4.5.4.6. Adverbial valency or prepositional retagging 326
4.5.5. Violating the uniqueness principle: Reflexive impersonality structures 329
4.6. The transformational potential of CG 341
4.6.1. Exploiting word based tag notation with string manipulation tools 341
4.6.2. Theory dependent tag filters 341
4.6.3. Tree structures for constituent analysis 346
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