Approximants + Secondary Articulations - Bases Produced

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• Vowels Vowels and Consonants • Relatively unconstricted flow of air through vocal tract (above the glottis) • Shape (filter) the source of sound made at the glottis • Consonants • Completely or severely constricted flow of air through vocal tract (above the glottis) • Create a source of sound at the constriction (e.g., release bursts, turbulence) • Voicing may be difficult • Note: this is a phonological distinction, not a phonetic one.
Obstruents and Sonorants • Phonologically speaking, there are also different kinds of consonants. • One important distinction is between obstruents and sonorants. • Obstruents • Stops, fricatives, affricates • Obstruct flow of air through the vocal tract so much that voicing is difficult • Sonorants • Nasals, approximants (glides, liquids), trills, flaps • Allow air to flow freely through vocal tract so that resonance (voicing) is still possible
Page 1 and 2: Approximants + Secondary Articulati
Page 3: Review Time • So far, we have tal
Page 7 and 8: Glides • Each glide corresponds t
Page 9 and 10: Glide Acoustics • Glides are shor
Page 11 and 12: [w] vs. [u]
Page 13 and 14: More Glides [wi:] [ju:]
Page 15 and 16: Primary / Secondary • One example
Page 17 and 18: Timing • The reason that [k w ] i
Page 19 and 20: Palatalization • Consonants are p
Page 21 and 22: Post-vocalic Position [tot h ] •
Page 23 and 24: Arabic Examples • Arabic contrast
Page 25 and 26: • What about F3 distinctions? •
Page 27 and 28: And Again
Page 29 and 30: Bunching and Curling
Page 31 and 32: Rhoticized Vowels • Retroflexion
Page 33: Rhoticized vowels in English • Vo

Approximants + Secondary Articulations - Bases Produced

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