new insights into the prevention and treatment of bulimia nervosa

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58 All (n = 355) New Insights into the Prevention and Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa Year 1 Year 2 Females (n = 243) Males (n = 112) All (n = 340) Females (n = 208) Males (n = 132) % n % n % n χ2 % n % n % n χ2 EAT-26 At Risk 12.9 44 9.7 33 3.2 11 4.1* 14.1 48 8.8 30 5.3 18 .04 EAT Scales 1.5 5 1.5 5 0 0 0.6 2 0.3 1 0.3 1 Behaviors 9.1 31 6.5 22 2.6 9 10.9 37 6.5 22 4.4 15 Both 2.4 8 1.8 8 0.6 2 2.4 8 1.8 6 0.6 2 Depression At Risk 19.8 67 8.3 28 11.5 39 .29 12.4 42 9.1 31 3.2 11 3.2 Self-Esteem At Risk 4.1 14 3.2 11 0.9 3 1.9 3.5 12 2.6 9 0.9 3 1.0 Exercise Dependence 2.6 .33 At Risk 3.2 11 2.4 8 0.9 3 4.4 15 2.6 9 1.8 6 Nondependent - Symptomatic 45.9 156 29.7 101 16.2 55 39.1 133 23.2 79 15.9 54 Nondependent - Asymptomatic 50.9 173 29.1 99 21.8 74 56.5 192 35.3 120 21.2 72 Weight & Pressures Change weight to meet demands of sport 17.9 61 11.8 40 6.2 21 .61 17.1 58 10.9 37 6.2 21 .65 Pressure to change 31.5 107 20.3 weight 69 11.2 38 .72 14.4 49 11.5 39 2.9 10 8.2* Pressure to look a certain way 29.1 99 17.9 61 11.2 38 .01 25.6 87 22.9 78 2.6 9 39.9* * p =
Practical Screening Methods for Eating Disorders for Collegiate Athletics Study Population Binge (n) Eating VomitingLaxatives Diet Pills Diure or Dieting tics Excessive Lost > 20 Exercise pounds Current Study Year 1 Males & Females (n = 355) 5.9 2.9 3.2† -- -- 1.8 2.1 Current Study Males & Year 2 Females 6.5 1.8 1.8† -- -- 3.8 2.6 (n = 340) (n = 340) Black & Males & Burckes-Miller, Females -- 5.6 3.7 10.6 3.2 55.8 -- (1988) (n = 695) Johnson et al., (1999) Males (n = 883) 12.6 2.0 1.0 0.57 0.23 -- -- Females (n = 562) 16.2 6.4 1.8 1.4 0.53 -- -- Carter & Rudd, (2005) Males Females Petrie et al., (2008) Males (n = 203) 3.4* 3.0* 2.5 3.0 3.0 20.7 -- Greenleaf et al., (2009) Females (n = 204) 15.2 2.9 0.98 15.7 1.5 25.5 -- Torres- Cheer- McGehee et al. leaders 11.8 9.6 19.9† -- -- 1.5 2.2 (n.d) (n = 136) Torres- McGehee et al. (2009) Dancers (n = 101) 14.9 9.9 18.9† -- -- -- -- Torres- Equestrian McGehee et al. (n = 138) (2011) 24.6 11.6 15.2† -- -- -- -- Note: --No reported measures for these variables *Reported 1-2 times/per week †Included laxatives, diet pills, and diuretics in one question. Table 3. Comparison of prevalence rates (proportions) of pathogenic behaviors among athletes in the current study, cheerleaders, varsity equestrian athletes, auxiliary performers and other female and male athletes. (Torres-McGehee et al., In Press) 4. Discussion 4.1 Eating disorder risk This is study is unique because we examined retrospective screening data for eating disorders and associated symptomology (e.g., depression, low self-esteem, excessive exercise, body image) in Division I collegiate female and male athletes’ PPEs. Another unique feature is that the data retrieved was not obtained in a controlled research environment, but rather part of the athletes’ medical record. Overall estimated prevalence 59
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VI Contents Chapter 7 Bulimia Nervo
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X Preface al. Untested approaches t
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Interpersonal Problems in People wi
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Interpersonal Problems in People wi
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1. Introduction Bulimia Nervosa and
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A Psychological Profile of the Body
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11 Physical Activity and Exercise i
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Personality and Coping in Groups Wi
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