Dissertaç ˜ao de Mestrado Mestrado em Engenharia Informática Jo ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Motivation sible to gather several underutilized servers into fewer ones (possibly just a single server) by virtualizing the hardware where each server runs. This reduces not only the companies’ electri- cal bills, but also cooling, space and hardware costs. Virtualization brings along other benefits such as the fast replication and/or migration of virtual machines (VMs), which allows for high availability of the services provided by the VMs. But not only the final users of virtualization woke up to the trend. Some IT giants such as Intel, AMD and Microsoft already entered the virtualization market, with different solutions such as hardware-assisted virtualization or hypervisor based virtualization. This huge trend also got into the consumers market, with popular solutions such as VMware Workstation or Microsoft Virtual PC, and even in the gaming market. Anyone who runs games on MAME or WINE is using virtualization technology. Currently, there are a lot of virtualization solutions in the market. These include VMware [VMw09], XenSource [Cit09], Microsoft [Mic09a], Sun [Mic09c], Parallels [Par09] products, and so on. With the advancement of virtualization technology, the new Virtual Appliance (VA) concept emerged. VAs came to change the way of looking to software deployment. Unlike the existing software deployment models, presented ahead in Section 2.1, such as the traditional CD-ROM way, Software as a Service or Hardware Appliances, VAs allow the costumers to have their own IT platform, fully optimized for the task being and completely under their domain. The blending of virtualization benefits with VAs’ performance is bringing software deployment to a new level. This shift in the IT sector motivated project VIRTU [Sol09a] which is a collective effort by the consortium composed of Evolve Space Solutions, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Universi- dade de Coimbra, HP Labs and the European Space Agency. The project’s goal is to develop an open-source vendor-independent virtualization platform, including support for the management and configuration of applications. There are currently two emerging opportunities on the IT market. On one side, virtualization has changed the way in which companies deploy software, on the other hand, application configuration is still mostly a manual task. VIRTU exploits these opportunities by defining a virtualization tool which manages application stacks. In other words, VIRTU allows for the creation of optimized virtual machines assembled with existing applications which can be au- tomatically configured. VIRTU project’s use cases range from software testing in complex distributed systems, including the European Space Operations Center’s Mission Control System (MCS) and Ground System Tests and Validation infrastructure (GSTVi), to IT infrastructural management, like Por- tugal Telecom’s Application Service Provider or Novabase’s Enterprise Applications Environ- ment. VIRTU also makes it possible for a customer to have its solution self-provisioned within his domain, but also to maintain different application versions to achieve legacy compatibility. The advent of virtual appliances makes it possible to gather hundreds, or thousands of applications on the same machine. This results in many different ways to represent configurations, which, in turn, makes the management of those configurations complicated and time- consuming. 2
1. INTRODUCTION 1.2. Problem Description This dissertation proposes the creation of a tool, entitled Smart Application Reconfiguration Tool (SmART), that is able to configure any application, regardless of how it represents its configuration. This tool was developed on the context of VIRTU project, which is a virtualization platform for the creation and management of VAs. 1.2 Problem Description The problem of automatic application configuration is caused by software applications which employ different means of representing their configurations. In some cases, it was noticed that the same application implemented different configuration formats from one version to another. This lack of standardization reveals that the configuration aspects of the applications are put in the backburner by application developers. Currently, the solutions on the field of automatic configuration of applications are seldom. This work goes in a way as to explore the mentioned opportunity. VAs may have different formats and may contain all sorts of applications, so it would be very helpful if a tool could configure any kind of application inside a VA. For this matter, it is essential that the tool interprets each configuration file independently of the application being configured, rather than having a limited set of known configurations and trying to match them with the configuration file. Besides the differences in the representation of configurations between two disparate applications, once can also identify divergent configurations in the same applications. Typically, whenever an application is upgraded, so are its configuration files, even if the differences in both situations come down to one or two extra lines containing new parametrizable elements than before. This motivates the abstraction from the configuration representation, which will allow any application to be configured based on what settings it defines, not how they are defined. Two ways to configure applications in VAs can be identified. The first sets up the configuration files before the application is installed on the VA, whereas the second searches for the configuration files in the VA and changes them. Given the fact that the we are dealing with text configuration files which need to be read and parsed in both approaches, applications whose configuration files are in the binary format may require special parsers. This is often the case in closed-source applications. An example of the typical usage of this tool is the case where many VAs containing the same applications (e.g., webserver) need to be deployed on an intranet. Although these VAs have the same software, their configurations must be different (e.g., machine name, IP address, etc.). Following is a brief description of both approaches and the way in which each approach deals with the example case. 3
Page 1: Universidade Nova de Lisboa Faculda
Page 5: To my family and friends, who suppo
Page 9: Sumário Entre os sectores de tecno
Page 12 and 13: CONTENTS 3.5 Modifying the Configur
Page 15: List of Figures 2.1 Virtual applian
Page 19 and 20: List of Listings 1.1 Apache configu
Page 21: 1 Introduction This dissertation pr
Page 25 and 26: 1. INTRODUCTION 1.2. Problem Descri
Page 27 and 28: 1. INTRODUCTION 1.2. Problem Descri
Page 29: 1. INTRODUCTION 1.5. Document Organ
Page 32 and 33: 2. STATE OF THE ART AND RELATED WOR
Page 41 and 42: 3 An application reconfiguration fr
Page 43 and 44: 3. AN APPLICATION RECONFIGURATION F
Page 55: 3. AN APPLICATION RECONFIGURATION F
Page 58 and 59: 4. AN IMPLEMENTATION 4.2. Parser Ge
Page 60 and 61: 4. AN IMPLEMENTATION 4.4. Data Stru
Page 62 and 63: 4. AN IMPLEMENTATION 4.4. Data Stru
Page 64 and 65: 4. AN IMPLEMENTATION 4.5. Original
Page 66 and 67: 4. AN IMPLEMENTATION 4.6. Generatio
Page 68 and 69: 4. AN IMPLEMENTATION 4.7. Generic t
Page 71 and 72: 5 Framework Evaluation Chapter 3 pr
Page 73 and 74:
5. FRAMEWORK EVALUATION 5.2. Operat
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
5. FRAMEWORK EVALUATION 5.3. Perfor
Page 85:
5. FRAMEWORK EVALUATION 5.3. Perfor
Page 88 and 89:
6. INTEGRATION WITH VIRTU 6.2. VIRT
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
6. INTEGRATION WITH VIRTU 6.4. SmAR
Page 96 and 97:
6. INTEGRATION WITH VIRTU 6.4. SmAR
Page 98 and 99:
6. INTEGRATION WITH VIRTU 6.5. Summ
Page 100 and 101:
7. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 7.1.
Page 103 and 104:
A.1 OGC sequence diagram A Appendix
Page 105 and 106:
B.1 MySQL Configuration file # # Th
Page 107 and 108:
B. APPENDIX - EVALUATION B.1. MySQL
Page 109 and 110:
B. APPENDIX - EVALUATION B.2. Apach
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
B. APPENDIX - EVALUATION B.3. Eclip
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
B. APPENDIX - EVALUATION B.4. Perfo
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Bibliography [Ama09] Amazon. Amazon
Page 181:
BIBLIOGRAPHY [Sol09a] Evolve Space
show all

Dissertaç ˜ao de Mestrado Mestrado em Engenharia Informática Jo ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?