Predicting Weather By The Moon - Xavier University Libraries

Predicting Weather By The Moon - Xavier University Libraries Predicting Weather By The Moon - Xavier University Libraries

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Weather By The Moon Reading Weather maps Most newspapers display daily weather maps, distributed by the local meteorological service. The maps are accurate and describe the current situation; and are generated from an internation radar and satellite hook-up. Teams of media weather-forecasters employ 3 or 4 different computerized models from at least half a dozen satellite agencies. Because some satellite readouts are taken from different vantage points and times of the day, they often appear contradictory. In such cases forecasters arbitrarily decide which one to utilize. If the weather forecast in the morning says it will be a fine day and by lunchtime there is a downpour, then they picked the wrong model. The maps don’t lie - it is only the interpretation of them that may be off. There is a tendency to describe the weather as fickle, if it does not match what was forecasted. But the weather knows what it is doing. Perhaps in such cases it is the forecasters who are fickle. WHAT ARE ISOBARS? We are all familiar with the black contours or whorls on every weather map. They signify lines of equal pressure. Presuure is the total weight of air, or vertical mass 174

Weather Maps (also called the geopotential, or amount from earth) measured for one square meter above that point. It is measured in inches or millibars – smaller units of pressure that measure about 3/100 of an inch. Sea level has been selected as a standard so that pressures at different locations can be compared. By selecting sealevel, where the atmosphere has zero height, the changing height of the atmosphere is factored out, hence the Moon’s potential for daily changing the height of the air cannot be observed. Sea level pressure is usually around 1000 millibars. Low pressure at sea level can indicate cyclonics or storms near the surface of the earth. High pressure (at sea level) can indicate calmer weather. Below 1016mb usually signals potential for rain. Low pressure may be followed by a depression. Gales in middle latitudes nearly always form around depressions. Above 1020mbs indicates a ridge, and quiescent weather, with light winds. Decreasing mbs, observed over a couple of days, can indicate an approaching or intensifying storm. Increasing heights can indicate clearing weather. ANTICYCLONES Counterclockwise rotation of the winds in Southern Hemisphere, clockwise in Northern Hemisphere, are associated with calm weather.. Anticyclones drift towards the east in both hemispheres. Wind speed is generally light in the centre but can be strong on the outer fringe where it blends in towards a low pressure zone. Anticyclones are often persistent, as air has had a chance to consolidate, and the whole system tends to drift rather than pick up speed. 175

<strong>Weather</strong> <strong>By</strong> <strong>The</strong> <strong>Moon</strong><br />

Reading <strong>Weather</strong><br />

maps<br />

Most newspapers display daily weather maps, distributed<br />

by the local meteorological service. <strong>The</strong> maps are<br />

accurate and describe the current situation; and are generated<br />

from an internation radar and satellite hook-up. Teams<br />

of media weather-forecasters employ 3 or 4 different computerized<br />

models from at least half a dozen satellite agencies.<br />

Because some satellite readouts are taken from different<br />

vantage points and times of the day, they often appear<br />

contradictory. In such cases forecasters arbitrarily<br />

decide which one to utilize. If the weather forecast in the<br />

morning says it will be a fine day and by lunchtime there is<br />

a downpour, then they picked the wrong model. <strong>The</strong> maps<br />

don’t lie - it is only the interpretation of them that may be<br />

off. <strong>The</strong>re is a tendency to describe the weather as fickle,<br />

if it does not match what was forecasted. But the weather<br />

knows what it is doing. Perhaps in such cases it is the forecasters<br />

who are fickle.<br />

WHAT ARE ISOBARS?<br />

We are all familiar with the black contours or whorls<br />

on every weather map. <strong>The</strong>y signify lines of equal pressure.<br />

Presuure is the total weight of air, or vertical mass<br />

174

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