2 Peter - Verse-by-Verse Biblical Exegesis

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2 Peter 2:17 These (Subj. Nom.; false teachers) are (eivmi, PAI3P, Descriptive) fountains (Pred. Nom.; springs) without water (Descr. Nom.; no doctrine) and (connective) fog (Subj. Nom.; mist) which is driven about (evlau,nw, PPPtc.NFP, Pictorial, Attributive; blown, furious gusts, topsy-turvy) by a storm (Abl. Means; whirlwind, hurricane), for whom (Dat. Disadv.; false teachers) the gloom (Subj. Nom.; blackest, self-induced misery) of darkness (Adv. Gen. Ref.; total blackout of the soul) has been reserved (thre,w, Perf.PI3S, Intensive). BGT 2 Peter 2:17 ou-toi, eivsin phgai. a;nudroi kai. o`mi,clai u`po. lai,lapoj evlauno,menai( oi-j o` zo,foj tou/ sko,touj teth,rhtaiÅ VUL 2 Peter 2:17 hii sunt fontes sine aqua et nebulae turbinibus exagitatae quibus caligo tenebrarum reservatur LWB 2 Peter 2:18 Indeed, by arrogant speaking from the source of emptiness [doctrinal vacuum], by means of lusts of the flesh, and by depraved debauchery, they [false teachers] lure those who barely escape [young believers with a little doctrine] from those [reversionistic believers] who continually live in the sphere of error [Satan’s cosmic system]. KW 2 Peter 2:18 For when they are uttering extravagant things that are in their character futile, they are alluring by means of the cravings of the flesh [the totally depraved nature], by means of wanton acts, those who are just about escaping from those who are ordering their behavior in the sphere of error. KJV 2 Peter 2:18 For when they speak great swelling words of vanity, they allure through the lusts of the flesh, through much wantonness, those that were clean escaped from them who live in error. TRANSLATION HIGHLIGHTS Indeed, by arrogant speaking (Participle of Means) from the source of spiritual emptiness, the false teachers try to lure (Progressive Present tense) young believers into the sphere of error. “Spiritual emptiness” is a doctrinal vacuum in the soul, a vacuum which sucks every kind of psychological and philosophical nonsense into the mentality of the soul. “Mataiotes” means vanity, emptiness, a doctrinal vacuum. Young believers who are out of fellowship and who have little doctrine in the soul are progressively lured by the heresies of false teachers. The New Age movement is the so-called modern version of these heresies, although upon close investigation nothing in the New Age movement is really new. The same old stuff straight from hell in OT days has been resurrected in today’s world under new terminology. It is sad and also amazing, to see born-again believers who should know better, succumb to such gutter nonsense. Some of the current demon doctrines have been packaged in pseudo-sophistication. But the gates of Satan’s cosmic system are the same today as they existed when he first
created them. In some cases, the lusts of the flesh and the depraved debauchery involved are more refined; in other cases, they are just as blatantly evil now as they were thousands of years ago. The young believers Peter refers to just barely escape the errors that their fellow reversionistic believers have embraced wholeheartedly (Durative Present tense). The flesh, the world, and the devil are serious foes. The delusion, the deception, and the lure of pseudo-happiness is always presented in a form that caters to your own weaknesses. Satan has a demonic host that knows from direct observation exactly what your lust patterns are. Without Bible doctrine and the filling of the Spirit, you don’t stand a chance against such enemies. Most commentators admit to a difficulty in putting the pieces of this passage together. In my opinion, there are two groups of three in this verse. There are three types of person: false teachers, new believers who have just enough doctrine to escape the lures of the false teachers, and reversionistic believers who have already embraced a lifestyle based on error and deception. There are three types of activity utilized by the false teachers: arrogant speaking on things that are blatantly absurd to any believer with an ounce of truth in his soul, enticing by means of various lust patterns of the sin nature, and illicit sexual behavior. The most difficult part of this verse is the last phrase; who are those whom the young believers are barely escaping from? Let me pose a question: If you witness to an unbeliever who asks rather complicated questions that you can’t answer, what do you do? Usually you try to find a believer who is trained in that topic, a spiritual mentor. In other words, you bring in an expert – a mature believer in the faith, or one who has taken a course in apologetics who can better handle philosophical discussions. In the same manner, when a young believer with a little doctrine in the soul counters a heresy being spread by fellow believers who are in reversionism, what do they do? They call in the big guns, the false teachers that led them into their current state of cosmic enslavement. The false teachers would then use their ‘expertise’ to convince the young believers that their understanding of doctrine is incorrect. They will separate the young, questioning believers from their reversionistic brethren so: (a) the reversionistic believers don’t hear the discussions and wise up, and (b) they can concentrate on crafting just the right set of false concepts to bring the new believers into their sphere of influence. I’ve seen this work in corporate politics all too many times; the false teachers are usually consultants. RELEVANT OPINIONS Peter’s concern is for the new Christians who still have not had sufficient training in the faith to oppose the evil one. In general, novices in the Christian faith readily can be lured back to the ways of the world. (S. Kistemaker) “Doctrines of demons” enter your inventory of ideas when your volition operates without truth – without divine establishment, the Gospel, and Bible doctrine. This absence of truth, this vacuum in the soul, is called in the Greek mataiotes, emptiness, vanity. The vacuum draws in false doctrines, filling your soul with arrogance and antagonism. When you reject Bible doctrine, you receive the alternative, satanic doctrine, with destructive effect ... Reversionists are impressed with the rhetoric of
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2 Peter Benjamin W. Brodie April 20
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2 Peter 1:15 Indeed, I will also ma
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2 Peter 2:11 Whereas angels [in hea
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2 Peter 3:6 Through which the world
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among them a deliberate ignorance o
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e our defense - knowledge. Where is
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necessary to see the Lord with our
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LWB 2 Peter 1:2 Grace to you and pr
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stress on knowledge. The more we re
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can really know Him ... Greater kno
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“world system” because Satan ha
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Because we are in union with Christ
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trembling endeavors by the side of
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TRANSLATION HIGHLIGHTS Peter contin
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which whosoever lives is counted de
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doctrine in daily life, the more th
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He who is not adding to his knowled
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very moment that Christ is received
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LWB 2 Peter 1:11 For in this manner
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2 Peter 1:11 For (explanatory) in t
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VUL 2 Peter 1:12 propter quod incip
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eality” that Peter could choose b
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continual application (poie,w, PMIn
Page 47 and 48: KJV 2 Peter 1:17 For he received fr
Page 49 and 50: APPtc.AFS, Dramatic, Attributive) f
Page 51 and 52: (K. Gangel) He means the entire Wor
Page 53 and 54: as they were borne on by the Holy S
Page 55 and 56: keeping them from sin and error. (S
Page 57 and 58: [of true doctrine] destructive here
Page 59 and 60: possibilities of our becoming "lose
Page 61 and 62: The sovereign grace of God which ac
Page 63 and 64: A clear meaning of agorazo stands o
Page 65 and 66: (evpa,gw, PAPtc.NMP, Gnomic, Result
Page 67 and 68: maligned (blasfhme,w, FPI3S, Predic
Page 69 and 70: Predictive, Deponent; make a quick
Page 71 and 72: infiltration of evil into the belie
Page 73 and 74: of their large numbers? (K. Gangel)
Page 75 and 76: This form of judgment was by “red
Page 77 and 78: that they are Christians ... Even a
Page 79 and 80: chose to live in Jordan’s fertile
Page 81 and 82: In my opinion, Peter returns to the
Page 83 and 84: occasionally occurs whether we unde
Page 85 and 86: VUL 2 Peter 2:10 magis autem eos qu
Page 87 and 88: Three times in as many verses Peter
Page 89 and 90: scintillating, emotionally stimulat
Page 91 and 92: as “stains” on the church and
Page 93 and 94: people through false prophecy for m
Page 95 and 96: VUL 2 Peter 2:15 derelinquentes rec
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Page 103 and 104: The antithesis of freedom-slavery i
Page 105 and 106: worries.” But these are precisely
Page 107 and 108: LWB 2 Peter 2:21 By all means, it w
Page 109 and 110: “way of righteousness.” Their i
Page 111 and 112: According to the previous verse, th
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Page 115 and 116: sense, without falsehoods) mind (Ac
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Page 119 and 120: out divine intervention in the univ
Page 121 and 122: will also be so after the judgment
Page 123 and 124: We now see how egregiously they err
Page 125 and 126: 2 Peter 3:7 But (contrast) now (Adv
Page 127 and 128: 2 Peter 3:8 But (adversative) do no
Page 129 and 130: (A. Knoch) While unbelievers surely
Page 131 and 132: and stubble) and other production.
Page 133 and 134: The verb ought indicates that a div
Page 135 and 136: He alone will have the privilege of
Page 137 and 138: VUL 2 Peter 3:13 novos vero caelos
Page 139 and 140: most serious thing not to fulfill G
Page 141 and 142: undisciplined in habits of thought,
Page 143 and 144: - note that he does not say, “fal
Page 145 and 146: LWB 2 Peter 3:18 But [rather] keep
Page 147 and 148: grace) and (connective) the knowled
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2 Peter, Duane F. Watson, The New I
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New Testament Repentance: Repentanc
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2 Peter - Verse-by-Verse Biblical Exegesis

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