2 Peter - Verse-by-Verse Biblical Exegesis

2 Peter - Verse-by-Verse Biblical Exegesis 2 Peter - Verse-by-Verse Biblical Exegesis

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thoughts of God, and they penned His words ... All the Scripture is prophetic. Even its historic parts are typical, and were so penned as to be designed to give light on God’s plans for the future. May the Holy Spirit open our eyes to discern them, and our hearts to love the Giver of this light. (R. Govett) 2 Peter 1:20 Knowing (ginw,skw, PAPtc.NMP, Gnomic, Modal; from considerable studying) this (Acc. DIr. Obj.) first (adv.), that (introductory) all (Nom. Measure) prophecy (Subj. Nom.) from Scripture (Abl. Source; the written Word) did not (neg. adv.) originate from (gi,nomai, PMI3S, Gnomic, Deponent; arise, appear, come about) a private (Descr. Gen.; as opposed to the Spirit’s) unfolding (Abl. Source; interpretation, human ingenuity, impulse), BGT 2 Peter 1:20 tou/to prw/ton ginw,skontej o[ti pa/sa profhtei,a grafh/j ivdi,aj evpilu,sewj ouv gi,netai\ VUL 2 Peter 1:20 hoc primum intellegentes quod omnis prophetia scripturae propria interpretatione non fit LWB 2 Peter 1:21 For prophecy [in the OT] did not come forth by the design of man [human origin], but men from God [selected agents] communicated as they were led by the authority of the Holy Spirit [divine inspiration]. KW 2 Peter 1:21 For not by the desire of man did prophecy come aforetime, but being carried along by the Holy Spirit men spoke words from God who is the ultimate source [of what they spoke]. KJV 2 Peter 1:21 For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost. TRANSLATION HIGHLIGHTS Old Testament prophecy did not come forth (Gnomic Aorist tense) by the design, will or imagination of man. Holy Scripture did not come from human origins! Men were divinely selected by God as agents or representatives and were then empowered by the authority of the Holy Spirit to communicate (Dramatic Aorist tense) absolute truth by His leading (Perfective Present tense). This is the doctrine of the divine inspiration of Scripture. God was the source, man was His agent, the power of the Holy Spirit was the means, and speech/writing was the mode of communication. Men were not dictation machines, but rather instruments led, carried or borne by the control of the Spirit. RELEVANT OPINIONS Human learning and an unteachable spirit cannot understand Scripture ... This book is the instrument of the Spirit of God; apart from Him it can teach us nothing. (C. New) The Holy Spirit employed men, not instruments, for the composition of Scripture. The Spirit used human beings with their talents and insights, their peculiarities and characteristics,

keeping them from sin and error. (S. Kistemaker) To regard the revelation of the NT as capable of altering the original revelation of the OT ignores the fact that the OT is revelation. In spite of all that we do not know about the composition and collection of the old canon, what we do know sets our framework. The prophesies of Scripture came as holy men of God spoke as they were moved by the Holy Spirit. This leads to the conclusion that OT Scripture is true and stable in the expression of truth. This would be denied if that early revelation may be altered by later revelation, which would mean that the early revelation is either wrong or misleading and in need of correction. (E. Johnson) There were 330 prophesies in the OT concerning the first coming of Christ, and all of them were literally fulfilled. No human being can guess like that. (J. McGee) The first step in the transmission of truth from the heart of God to the heart of the believer is revelation, the act of God the Holy Spirit uncovering the things in the heart of God to the Bible writers, thus imparting the truth of Scripture to them. This brings us to the doctrine of verbal inspiration … The Holy Spirit allowed the writers the free play of their personalities, vocabulary, and training, while at the same time guiding them to make an infallible record lof truth infallibly revealed ... We now come to the doctrine of illumination, namely, the act of God the Holy Spirit enabling the believer to understand the truth given by revelation, and by inspiration written down ... The investigation of, inquiry into, scrutizing, and sifting of scripture truth is done in the energy of the Holy Spirit who illuminates the sacred page of Scripture to the believer … The Spiritcontrolled Christian investigates, inquires into, and scrutinizes the Bible and comes to an appreciation and understanding of its contents. (K. Wuest) The writers recorded their God-given words as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit. They were moved by the Holy Spirit in their writings, much as a sailboat is borne along by the wind. (R. Zuck) Whether they were oral prophets or writing prophets, the explanation is that they were “moved by the Holy Spirit.” The word translated “moved” is the word for carrying a burden. In this statement, accordingly, the human authors are carried along to the destination intended by God much as a boat will carry its passengers to its ultimate destination. Although passengers on a boat have some human freedom and can move freely within the boat, they nevertheless surely and inevitably are carried to the destination of the boat itself. (J. Walvoord) A common but erroneous interpretation of this phrase “any private interpretation” is that no individual has the right to study and interpret the Word of God for himself, and every individual must look to the church for the proper interpretation. What Peter wrote may be rendered this way, “No prophecy of Scripture comes out of private disclosure.” The apostle is dealing with the source from which the Scriptures came. They are not of human origin. Peter asserts that we can believe the Word of God because Scripture did not originate with men, but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Spirit. (J. Pentecost) Deny the millennial reign of Christ on earth, and vainly do you seek a clue amidst its labyrinth. Prophecy, to an apostolic eye, was one of the great pillars of a Christian’s hope ... Do any, then, attempt to dissuade the Christian from the study of prophecy, as obscure and unprofitable, apt to mislead the inquirer into extravagance and delusion? Rebuke such … Till the night of this present evil age be past, and the new age come, this is our

keeping them from sin and error. (S. Kistemaker) To regard the revelation of the NT as<br />

capable of altering the original revelation of the OT ignores the fact that the OT is<br />

revelation. In spite of all that we do not know about the composition and collection of the<br />

old canon, what we do know sets our framework. The prophesies of Scripture came as<br />

holy men of God spoke as they were moved <strong>by</strong> the Holy Spirit. This leads to the<br />

conclusion that OT Scripture is true and stable in the expression of truth. This would be<br />

denied if that early revelation may be altered <strong>by</strong> later revelation, which would mean that<br />

the early revelation is either wrong or misleading and in need of correction. (E. Johnson)<br />

There were 330 prophesies in the OT concerning the first coming of Christ, and all of<br />

them were literally fulfilled. No human being can guess like that. (J. McGee)<br />

The first step in the transmission of truth from the heart of God to the heart of the<br />

believer is revelation, the act of God the Holy Spirit uncovering the things in the heart of<br />

God to the Bible writers, thus imparting the truth of Scripture to them. This brings us to<br />

the doctrine of verbal inspiration … The Holy Spirit allowed the writers the free play of<br />

their personalities, vocabulary, and training, while at the same time guiding them to make<br />

an infallible record lof truth infallibly revealed ... We now come to the doctrine of<br />

illumination, namely, the act of God the Holy Spirit enabling the believer to understand<br />

the truth given <strong>by</strong> revelation, and <strong>by</strong> inspiration written down ... The investigation of,<br />

inquiry into, scrutizing, and sifting of scripture truth is done in the energy of the Holy<br />

Spirit who illuminates the sacred page of Scripture to the believer … The Spiritcontrolled<br />

Christian investigates, inquires into, and scrutinizes the Bible and comes to an<br />

appreciation and understanding of its contents. (K. Wuest) The writers recorded their<br />

God-given words as they were carried along <strong>by</strong> the Holy Spirit. They were moved <strong>by</strong> the<br />

Holy Spirit in their writings, much as a sailboat is borne along <strong>by</strong> the wind. (R. Zuck)<br />

Whether they were oral prophets or writing prophets, the explanation is that they were<br />

“moved <strong>by</strong> the Holy Spirit.” The word translated “moved” is the word for carrying a<br />

burden. In this statement, accordingly, the human authors are carried along to the<br />

destination intended <strong>by</strong> God much as a boat will carry its passengers to its ultimate<br />

destination. Although passengers on a boat have some human freedom and can move<br />

freely within the boat, they nevertheless surely and inevitably are carried to the<br />

destination of the boat itself. (J. Walvoord) A common but erroneous interpretation of<br />

this phrase “any private interpretation” is that no individual has the right to study and<br />

interpret the Word of God for himself, and every individual must look to the church for<br />

the proper interpretation. What <strong>Peter</strong> wrote may be rendered this way, “No prophecy of<br />

Scripture comes out of private disclosure.” The apostle is dealing with the source from<br />

which the Scriptures came. They are not of human origin. <strong>Peter</strong> asserts that we can<br />

believe the Word of God because Scripture did not originate with men, but holy men of<br />

God spake as they were moved <strong>by</strong> the Holy Spirit. (J. Pentecost)<br />

Deny the millennial reign of Christ on earth, and vainly do you seek a clue amidst its<br />

la<strong>by</strong>rinth. Prophecy, to an apostolic eye, was one of the great pillars of a Christian’s hope<br />

... Do any, then, attempt to dissuade the Christian from the study of prophecy, as obscure<br />

and unprofitable, apt to mislead the inquirer into extravagance and delusion? Rebuke<br />

such … Till the night of this present evil age be past, and the new age come, this is our

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