2 Peter - Verse-by-Verse Biblical Exegesis

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“Out of water and amidst water” seems most naturally understood as a summary of Genesis 1:2-10. (D. Hiebert) 2 Peter 3:5 Indeed (affirmative), because they (the scoffers) continually desire (qe,lw, PAPtc.AMP, Durative, Causal) it (Acc. Dir. Obj.; continued unchanging history with no prospect of future evaluation), this (Subj. Nom.) escapes their attention (lanqa,nw, PAI3S, Gnomic; is hidden): that (introductory) long ago (Adv. Time), by the Word (Instr. Means) of God (Abl. Source; Jesus Christ), the heavens (Subj. Nom.; atmosphere) came into existence (eivmi, Imperf.AI3P, Dramatic) and (connective) the earth (Subj. Nom.), existing as (suni,sthmi, Perf.APtc.NFS, Descriptive, Modal; came forth) part water (Partitive Abl.), also (adjunctive) by means of water (Abl. Means), BGT 2 Peter 3:5 Lanqa,nei ga.r auvtou.j tou/to qe,lontaj o[ti ouvranoi. h=san e;kpalai kai. gh/ evx u[datoj kai. diV u[datoj sunestw/sa tw/| tou/ qeou/ lo,gw|( VUL 2 Peter 3:5 latet enim eos hoc volentes quod caeli erant prius et terra de aqua et per aquam consistens Dei verbo LWB 2 Peter 3:6 Through which the world at that time, having been deluged by water, was ruined [waste & wild]. KW 2 Peter 3:6 Through which the ordered world of that time, having been deluged by water, was ruined. KJV 2 Peter 3:6 Whereby the world that then was, being overflowed with water, perished: TRANSLATION HIGHLIGHTS The world during the time of tohu wa bohu, waste and wild, was completely flooded (Latin: inundated) by water (Dramatic Aorist tense). Due to Satan’s fall just prior to Genesis 1:2, the creation was ruined and despoiled (Dramatic Aorist tense). There was gloom, a supernatural darkness, and a complete absence of life due to God’s judgment. What Peter is portraying is a creation that started out perfect, was judged and entered a state of waste and wild, and was then refashioned again into what we live in today. So the wish by the scoffers that all things will continue on earth in status quo has already been proven wrong by the very creation they walk on and breathe in every day. There is no need to introduce the Noahic flood in this account; the time at hand is still pre-Adamic. The use of the word “kosmos” is no proof that human inhabitants were present, since kosmos has a number of meanings that have nothing to do with humans, e.g., order, creation, system, universe. RELEVANT OPINIONS
We now see how egregiously they err, who stop at naked elements, as though there was perpetuity in them, and their nature were not changeable according to the bidding of God. (J. Calvin) Many of us believe there was a hiatus between Genesis 1:1 and Genesis 1:2 and that a great catastrophe took place at that time … There was a judgment in the pre-Adamic world, before man was put there. We have a suggestion of what took place in Isaiah 14:12- 14 ... There is abundant evidence that some great cataclysm did take place and that all things have not continued as they were from the beginning of the creation. (J. McGee) There is also discussion of the pre-flood canopy related to the Noahic flood which is quite interesting, but not enough to convince me that this is what is meant by the “heavens” in 3:5-7. The answer to the argument given by the false teachers seems to require a more comprehensive change in the “entire observable cosmic system” which would include the starry heavens. (LWB) If the reference is to Genesis 1, then Peter is referring to the destruction of the world by water, when sin was found in Lucifer and one third of the angels in heaven. When this sin was found the created work of God dissolved. Sin always curses and destroys, and it did also in the beginning. When God created the heavens and earth, He created them perfect. It is impossible for me to imagine God doing an imperfect or ugly thing. God made the world and the heavens perfect, but when sin was found in it, sin destroyed it. The Scriptures say that our earth was a chaotic mass with water everywhere. Following that chaos the Spirit of God moved over the face of the deep and God separated the waters – some went into the clouds and some below. Then God separated the waters below and the dry land appeared, and the water was gathered into great ocean beds – but the first world was destroyed by water. (W. Criswell) 2 Peter 3:6 Through which (Adv. Gen. Ref.) the world (Subj. Nom.; creation) at that time (adv.), having been deluged (kataklu,zw, APPtc.NMS, Dramatic, Attributive; flooded) by water (Instr. Means), was ruined (avpo,llumi, AMI3S, Dramatic). BGT 2 Peter 3:6 diV w-n o` to,te ko,smoj u[dati kataklusqei.j avpw,leto\ VUL 2 Peter 3:6 per quae ille tunc mundus aqua inundatus periit LWB 2 Peter 3:7 But now, the heavens [atmosphere] and the earth, being reserved by the same Word [Jesus Christ], are being closely guarded [for as long as it takes according to His divine plan] for a day of judgment by fire [future destruction of planet earth] and eternal misery for ungodly men [judgment of unbelievers at the Great White Throne]. KW 2 Peter 3:7 But the present heavens and the earth by the same word have been stored with fire, being kept so guarded with a view to the day of judgment and misery of men destitute of reverential awe towards God. KJV 2 Peter 3:7 But the heavens and the earth, which are now, by the same word are kept in store, reserved unto fire against the day of judgment and perdition of ungodly men. TRANSLATION HIGHLIGHTS
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2 Peter Benjamin W. Brodie April 20
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2 Peter 1:15 Indeed, I will also ma
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2 Peter 2:11 Whereas angels [in hea
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2 Peter 3:6 Through which the world
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among them a deliberate ignorance o
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e our defense - knowledge. Where is
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necessary to see the Lord with our
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LWB 2 Peter 1:2 Grace to you and pr
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stress on knowledge. The more we re
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can really know Him ... Greater kno
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“world system” because Satan ha
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Because we are in union with Christ
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trembling endeavors by the side of
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TRANSLATION HIGHLIGHTS Peter contin
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which whosoever lives is counted de
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doctrine in daily life, the more th
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He who is not adding to his knowled
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very moment that Christ is received
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LWB 2 Peter 1:11 For in this manner
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2 Peter 1:11 For (explanatory) in t
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VUL 2 Peter 1:12 propter quod incip
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eality” that Peter could choose b
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continual application (poie,w, PMIn
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KJV 2 Peter 1:17 For he received fr
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APPtc.AFS, Dramatic, Attributive) f
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(K. Gangel) He means the entire Wor
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as they were borne on by the Holy S
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keeping them from sin and error. (S
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[of true doctrine] destructive here
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possibilities of our becoming "lose
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The sovereign grace of God which ac
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A clear meaning of agorazo stands o
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(evpa,gw, PAPtc.NMP, Gnomic, Result
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maligned (blasfhme,w, FPI3S, Predic
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Predictive, Deponent; make a quick
Page 71 and 72: infiltration of evil into the belie
Page 73 and 74: of their large numbers? (K. Gangel)
Page 75 and 76: This form of judgment was by “red
Page 77 and 78: that they are Christians ... Even a
Page 79 and 80: chose to live in Jordan’s fertile
Page 81 and 82: In my opinion, Peter returns to the
Page 83 and 84: occasionally occurs whether we unde
Page 85 and 86: VUL 2 Peter 2:10 magis autem eos qu
Page 87 and 88: Three times in as many verses Peter
Page 89 and 90: scintillating, emotionally stimulat
Page 91 and 92: as “stains” on the church and
Page 93 and 94: people through false prophecy for m
Page 95 and 96: VUL 2 Peter 2:15 derelinquentes rec
Page 97 and 98: (Latin: turbine) by a gale-force wh
Page 99 and 100: created them. In some cases, the lu
Page 101 and 102: comes on the scene without proper t
Page 103 and 104: The antithesis of freedom-slavery i
Page 105 and 106: worries.” But these are precisely
Page 107 and 108: LWB 2 Peter 2:21 By all means, it w
Page 109 and 110: “way of righteousness.” Their i
Page 111 and 112: According to the previous verse, th
Page 113 and 114: Christian turns back to sinful habi
Page 115 and 116: sense, without falsehoods) mind (Ac
Page 117 and 118: scoffing of religious truths and pr
Page 119 and 120: out divine intervention in the univ
Page 121: will also be so after the judgment
Page 125 and 126: 2 Peter 3:7 But (contrast) now (Adv
Page 127 and 128: 2 Peter 3:8 But (adversative) do no
Page 129 and 130: (A. Knoch) While unbelievers surely
Page 131 and 132: and stubble) and other production.
Page 133 and 134: The verb ought indicates that a div
Page 135 and 136: He alone will have the privilege of
Page 137 and 138: VUL 2 Peter 3:13 novos vero caelos
Page 139 and 140: most serious thing not to fulfill G
Page 141 and 142: undisciplined in habits of thought,
Page 143 and 144: - note that he does not say, “fal
Page 145 and 146: LWB 2 Peter 3:18 But [rather] keep
Page 147 and 148: grace) and (connective) the knowled
Page 149 and 150: 2 Peter, Duane F. Watson, The New I
Page 151: New Testament Repentance: Repentanc
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2 Peter - Verse-by-Verse Biblical Exegesis

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