2 Peter - Verse-by-Verse Biblical Exegesis

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As a scavenger, a dog would return to its own vomit and thus fulfill the proverb. Peter uses this proverb to compare the natural habit of a dog with the practice of false teachers who return to living in sin … A pig seeks relief from pesky insects and the heat of the sun by wallowing in the mud. Although the sow is washed, by nature the pig returns to the mud from which it has come. It rolls around in slime and grunts contentedly. As the pig enjoys wallowing in the mire, so the heretics take pleasure in revelry and immorality ... Here is a conclusive observation: By vomiting, the dog relieves itself of internal impurities; the sow, when it is washed, is cleansed from clinging external mud. Nevertheless, both animals return to the selfsame filth. (S. Kistemaker) The gospel is a medicine which purges us by wholesome vomiting, but that there are many dogs who swallow again what they have vomited to their own ruin; and that the gospel is also a laver which cleanses all our uncleanness, but that there are many swine who, immediately after washing, roll themselves again in the mud. At the same time the godly are reminded to take heed to themselves, except they wish to be deemed dogs or swine. (J. Calvin) A dog and sow illustrate what happens to the miserable reversionist … Likewise the reversionist is nauseating and repugnant to God. This is precisely why the Bible uses this vivid animal imagery to demonstrate the pattern of reversionism in the believer. The reversionist has tasted epignosis and been freed from human viewpoint and evil, returns to that evil by ingesting false doctrine dished out by false teachers. Like a dog, he attempts to find happiness and satisfaction from food that was inedible the first time. He returns to his vomit – the same human viewpoint he left but now accepts again. Like a sow, he rushes back to the quagmire and rolls in the same evil that bogged down his life before he learned any doctrine. The condition of the soul makes all the difference between an unclean, nauseating believer and a cleansed, advancing believer. When the soul is stabilized, false doctrine is refused; when the soul is in a state of emotional revolt and chaos, the reversionist indiscriminately accepts what he previously could not stomach. Negative volition expels metabolized doctrine from his soul, to be replaced by a more virulent form of false doctrine than was present before epignosis. Without epignosis all believers are defenseless against false teachers. (R.B. Thieme, Jr.) The question of the dietary habits of dogs and the bathing activities of hogs are not foremost here. Instead Peter was illustrating before and after conditions. “After escaping the stains…they are again entangled,” and “the latter things have become worse for them than the former” (v. 20 ). What satisfaction can a dog find in vomit if before that he could not even digest that food when it was fresh? The very thought is disgusting and is a picture of irrational reflex action. If a sow which washed herself then returned to the mud, would not the mud now be even more odious than before? How can a mud wallow be expected to please and satisfy her after her bath? In each case there is the “before” condition: the dog had eaten undigestible food; the sow had been dirty. In each case a return is mentioned: eating vomit by the dog, and wallowing by the sow. They are similar to a Christian who has received Christ, repenting of his life of sin, but is then won back into his former habits by temptations from the false teachers. This illustrates going back to something with which one was dissatisfied previously. When such a great change has taken place in a believer’s soul, how can he rationally expect to find satisfaction now, never having it even before? When a
Christian turns back to sinful habits, he is acting like a dog returning to its vomit or a bathed sow to her mud wallow. (D. Dunham) The entire proverb works out the topic that although the Christian has been cleansed from old sins (1:9), like unreasoning animals (2:12) the false teachers return to soil themselves in sin. (D. Watson) If they would turn back into the old life, it reminds one of the old proverbs: “A dog returns to its own vomit, and a washed sow returns to the mud wallow.” Every believer, then, should be wary of a too casual, cheap-grace view of sin. Believers have escaped its clutches by the enormously costly sacrifice of God’s Son. Yet they may slip back into its seductive coils only to find that there is even less pleasure, less satisfaction, less fulfillment than before they were saved. It disgusts the Father to see His children foolishly seeking to return to a condition and activities which they once renounced for His kingdom. This is as disgusting as the thought of a dog eating its vomit or a clean sow hurrying back to her familiar mud wallow. 2 Cor. 7:1 - “Therefore, because of having such promises as these, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from every kind of pollution of flesh and spirit, and perfect holiness in the fear of God.” (D. Dunham) 2 Peter 2:22 It is happening (sumbai,nw, Perf.AI3S, Intensive & Dramatic; coming to pass) to them (Dat. Disadv.) according to the true (Descr. Gen.) proverb (Adv. Gen. Ref.; maxim): The dog (Subj. Nom.; male) returned (evpistre,fw, AAPtc.NMS, Constative, Modal) to his own (Acc. Poss.) vomit (Acc. Dir. Obj.) and (connective) the sow (Subj. Nom.; female swine) which had cleaned itself (lou,w, AMPtc.NFS, Constative, Attributive; washed, bathed) to mud (Gen. Spec.; filthy) wallowing (Adv. Acc.; rolling). BGT 2 Peter 2:22 sumbe,bhken auvtoi/j to. th/j avlhqou/j paroimi,aj\ ku,wn evpistre,yaj evpi. to. i;dion evxe,rama( kai,\ u-j lousame,nh eivj kulismo.n borbo,rouÅ VUL 2 Peter 2:22 contigit enim eis illud veri proverbii canis reversus ad suum vomitum et sus lota in volutabro luti CHAPTER 3 LWB 2 Peter 3:1 Beloved [members of the royal family], this is already the second letter I am writing to you, in which I am trying to stir up your pure [indoctrinated] mind by way of remembrance [repetition of some basic doctrines you may have forgotten]: KW 2 Peter 3:1 This already, divinely loved ones, is a second letter I am writing to you, in which I am stirring up your unsullied mind by way of remembrance,
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2 Peter Benjamin W. Brodie April 20
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2 Peter 1:15 Indeed, I will also ma
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2 Peter 2:11 Whereas angels [in hea
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2 Peter 3:6 Through which the world
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among them a deliberate ignorance o
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e our defense - knowledge. Where is
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necessary to see the Lord with our
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LWB 2 Peter 1:2 Grace to you and pr
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stress on knowledge. The more we re
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can really know Him ... Greater kno
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“world system” because Satan ha
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Because we are in union with Christ
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trembling endeavors by the side of
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TRANSLATION HIGHLIGHTS Peter contin
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which whosoever lives is counted de
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doctrine in daily life, the more th
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He who is not adding to his knowled
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very moment that Christ is received
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LWB 2 Peter 1:11 For in this manner
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2 Peter 1:11 For (explanatory) in t
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VUL 2 Peter 1:12 propter quod incip
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eality” that Peter could choose b
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continual application (poie,w, PMIn
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KJV 2 Peter 1:17 For he received fr
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APPtc.AFS, Dramatic, Attributive) f
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(K. Gangel) He means the entire Wor
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as they were borne on by the Holy S
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keeping them from sin and error. (S
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[of true doctrine] destructive here
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possibilities of our becoming "lose
Page 61 and 62: The sovereign grace of God which ac
Page 63 and 64: A clear meaning of agorazo stands o
Page 65 and 66: (evpa,gw, PAPtc.NMP, Gnomic, Result
Page 67 and 68: maligned (blasfhme,w, FPI3S, Predic
Page 69 and 70: Predictive, Deponent; make a quick
Page 71 and 72: infiltration of evil into the belie
Page 73 and 74: of their large numbers? (K. Gangel)
Page 75 and 76: This form of judgment was by “red
Page 77 and 78: that they are Christians ... Even a
Page 79 and 80: chose to live in Jordan’s fertile
Page 81 and 82: In my opinion, Peter returns to the
Page 83 and 84: occasionally occurs whether we unde
Page 85 and 86: VUL 2 Peter 2:10 magis autem eos qu
Page 87 and 88: Three times in as many verses Peter
Page 89 and 90: scintillating, emotionally stimulat
Page 91 and 92: as “stains” on the church and
Page 93 and 94: people through false prophecy for m
Page 95 and 96: VUL 2 Peter 2:15 derelinquentes rec
Page 97 and 98: (Latin: turbine) by a gale-force wh
Page 99 and 100: created them. In some cases, the lu
Page 101 and 102: comes on the scene without proper t
Page 103 and 104: The antithesis of freedom-slavery i
Page 105 and 106: worries.” But these are precisely
Page 107 and 108: LWB 2 Peter 2:21 By all means, it w
Page 109 and 110: “way of righteousness.” Their i
Page 111: According to the previous verse, th
Page 115 and 116: sense, without falsehoods) mind (Ac
Page 117 and 118: scoffing of religious truths and pr
Page 119 and 120: out divine intervention in the univ
Page 121 and 122: will also be so after the judgment
Page 123 and 124: We now see how egregiously they err
Page 125 and 126: 2 Peter 3:7 But (contrast) now (Adv
Page 127 and 128: 2 Peter 3:8 But (adversative) do no
Page 129 and 130: (A. Knoch) While unbelievers surely
Page 131 and 132: and stubble) and other production.
Page 133 and 134: The verb ought indicates that a div
Page 135 and 136: He alone will have the privilege of
Page 137 and 138: VUL 2 Peter 3:13 novos vero caelos
Page 139 and 140: most serious thing not to fulfill G
Page 141 and 142: undisciplined in habits of thought,
Page 143 and 144: - note that he does not say, “fal
Page 145 and 146: LWB 2 Peter 3:18 But [rather] keep
Page 147 and 148: grace) and (connective) the knowled
Page 149 and 150: 2 Peter, Duane F. Watson, The New I
Page 151: New Testament Repentance: Repentanc
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2 Peter - Verse-by-Verse Biblical Exegesis

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