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as well as to protect the woman's rights. Once divorce is undertaken there follows an interim period (idda) of three months for, the wife or if pregnant, until the childbirth. And, it is better for the wife to spend that. period in her husband's house as the Qurlan says: "Prophet, when ye do divorce women, divorce them at their prescribed periods, and count (accurately) their prescribed periods : and fear God your Lord and turn them not out of their houses. nor shall they (themselves) leave, except in case they are guilty of some open lewdness" 2 The idea behind the wife staying in the husband's house during the interim period is to give both husband and wife an opportunity to think it over again. Such thinking may make them change their mind and regret what has happened and this may result in returning love and calm to the family, In Islam. a husband may return to his wife during the period. if he so likes, without a dowry, marriage contract, or witiaesses. He may resume his full marital status by simply revoking his previous pronouncement in words or in deeds, for example if the husband has sexual intercourse with his wife. the divorce lapses automatically even without making any declaration. However. if the interim period expires without his returning to his wife, the divorce becomes final. in other words, the wife becomes free, either to marry another man or if the former husband wishes to revoke the divorce, she may return to him, but by a new marriage contract with all the legal requirements (new dowry and contract). If the couple resume their marital life, whether during the interim period or later on, and disagreement happens again. then they go through the same procedure as before and if reconciliation is not possible, then the husband may divorce his wife again. And, the wife must go through the interim 9 Iddattiala technical term in divorce* It's general meaning is the prescribed period. It is in the interest of both the wife and the husband to prove if there is an unborn child. See Lane. Edward, Arabic English Lexicon, Vol. 5p P. 1969 Q. 65,1 ill
period (idda) as the Qurlan states: "A divorce is only permissible twice : after that the parties should either hold together on equitable terms. or separate with kindness. " 1 If the couple resume their life again. but disagreement starts again and the husband divorces his wife for the third time, then the divorce is irrevocable and the husband cannot return to his wife unless a very difficult procedure is undertaken. Such procedure is that the wife must get married to another man and live with him (after the interim period is over). And if the second husband happened to die, or divorce her, then the former husband may get maried to her. However, in such a case, there should be a new dowry, a new marriage contract and new witnesses, as the Qurlan says: "So if a husband divorces his wife (irrevocably) he can not, after that. remarry her until after she has married another husband and he has divorced her. In that case, there is no blame on either of them if they re-unite, provided they feel that they can keep the limits ordained by God. " 2 And in the Sunnah, r'llsha narrated that the wife of Rieia Al- C- QuraftJcame to Allah's Apostle and said. "Oh Allah's Apostlel Rifaa divorced me irrevocably. After him Abd al-Raharan bin Al-Qurazl' who proved to be impo. tant. " Allah's Apostle said to her: "Perhaps you want to return to Rfifaa ? Nay (you cannot return to RiAa) until you and Abd al-Raýý consummate your marriage. " 3 T'&',. e idea behind such a procedure is to make a husband think it over again before he decides to divorce for the third time. On the other hand. a woman's getting married to another man has an extremely shocking effect both on her emotions and her husbands. le Q. 2.229 2, Q92.230 3. Sahih al Bukhari. Vol* 7, op. cit. * Pe 136 112
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THE CHANGING POSITION OF WOMEN IN A
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to exp
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INTRODUCTION The Islamic and Arabic
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The status of women in Islamic and
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civilization or of both combined. S
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funcultivatable valley', although i
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2) The second source of support was
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and would not take them captive, be
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fight Muslims; not satisfied with t
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From the Qurlan, we know that she w
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would not marry at all unless she h
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unequal match. "If you can't find a
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ut also among the Hebrews and Arame
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that The fact is/ this marriage doe
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elated to the economic and social c
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However. Islam forbade this kind of
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How was the wife treated Most of th
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49 Another example is the Zainah ma
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'Excepýi for rare cases in countri
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ArZý; The wife of Shai used to dis
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A man could divorce his wife. remar
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women as the Qurlan says: For those
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divorce. the man takes compensation
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The Woman's Inheritance in Pre-Isla
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among his children. giving to a mal
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asking him to bring his mother, Lay
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Burying Daughters Alive In Pre-Isla
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2. The second motive was the fear t
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"But infanticide was not a new thin
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Or was it at any' specific age ? Th
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some mothers must have felt that it
Page 63 and 64: So it is not surprising that the tw
Page 65 and 66: 0 The Qurlan caýe prohibiting this
Page 67 and 68: CHAPTER TWO In the previous chapter
Page 69 and 70: Ia I "As to the thief. male or fema
Page 71 and 72: to defend the tribe or bring in boo
Page 73 and 74: For the majority of Arab men, this
Page 75 and 76: the Islamic system for sharing out
Page 77 and 78: Marriage in Islam The family is the
Page 79 and 80: A tradition reported that. "when a
Page 81 and 82: I. The first kind includes those wo
Page 83 and 84: 2. Also. Islam has forbidden a man'
Page 85 and 86: However. a man can get married to a
Page 87 and 88: I c Ati"said, No. ýnless she is wi
Page 89 and 90: ut the woman can not have two husba
Page 91 and 92: His chief duty is to see that the p
Page 93 and 94: Dowry in Islam. is the wife's right
Page 95 and 96: iron ring. " The man went and searc
Page 97 and 98: , without , paying it. If a man div
Page 99 and 100: give me what is sufficient for me a
Page 101 and 102: discuss later with divorce in Islam
Page 103 and 104: excuses as the Prophet said: "If a
Page 105 and 106: The idea behind the Qurlanic verse
Page 107 and 108: men are killed. leaving widows and
Page 109 and 110: for another wife for her husband in
Page 111 and 112: Divorce in Islam Islam considers ma
Page 113: Beating (Lightly): If the husband d
Page 117 and 118: 6 114 family's house together with
Page 119 and 120: is to give the opportunity to notic
Page 121 and 122: On that, Allah's Apostle said (to h
Page 123 and 124: 4: his father. Ibn Umar said, 'The
Page 125 and 126: -"The mothers ' shall give two whol
Page 127 and 128: then he could force her to marry so
Page 129 and 130: should support her financially unti
Page 131 and 132: The right of a woman as a mother in
Page 133 and 134: Also: "Serve God, and join not any
Page 135 and 136: KHADIJAH BINT KHUWAYLID The longest
Page 137 and 138: The marriage was effected through t
Page 139 and 140: It must be taken into consideration
Page 141 and 142: "Of the days of her childhood and e
Page 143 and 144: 4- , "Alisha. although young, was m
Page 145 and 146: "How do you know that? " "When you
Page 147 and 148: "Take half your religion from this
Page 149 and 150: and the leaders who wereicompanions
Page 151 and 152: Although her actions in this event
Page 153 and 154: the depth of sadness that her fathe
Page 155 and 156: The Prophet was elated by the birth
Page 157 and 158: 154 The Prophet' a, special love to
Page 159 and 160: Time passed and F; timah still rema
Page 161 and 162: just to save their lives. 1 As for
Page 163 and 164: It is said a Qurlanic verse was rev
Page 165 and 166:
At the beginning of the battles, th
Page 167 and 168:
There were many occasions when Musl
Page 169 and 170:
ln*Ukaz marketplace. It was not too
Page 171 and 172:
However, history also recorded the
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CONCLUSION Inconclusion, the triump
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Abbot, Nabia, Aishah t
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Holt. P. M. Lambton 9 AN. W. K.. Le
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Roberts, Robert, Social Laws of the
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