THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO
THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO
THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
corpora lutea, 0.64 ± 0.77 mature ovarian follicles; left<br />
ovary –0.37 ± 0.50 corpora lutea, 0.41 ± 0.67 mature<br />
ovarian follicles. At 5% level no statistical significance<br />
was found in the differences in values between paired<br />
structures of the female bubaline genitalia. The results<br />
obtained in the present study indicate that the female<br />
reproductive organs of the Philippine buffaloes are smaller<br />
than those of the foreign breeds of buffaloes and cattle.<br />
Comparisons between the measurements taken from the<br />
two large Philippine ruminants reveal that the genital tracts<br />
are longer and ovaries are smaller but heavier in the native<br />
buffaloes than those in the native cows.<br />
Keywords: female reproductive organs, mature nonpregnant<br />
Philippine buffaloes, carabao, Bubalus bubalis<br />
* The Philippine Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 19(2): 45-<br />
55, 1980.<br />
A-76<br />
COMPARATIVE ANATOMY, HISTOLOGY AND<br />
HISTOCHEMISTRY OF <strong>THE</strong> GALLBLADDER AND<br />
CYSTIC DUCT AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS<br />
OF BILE OF <strong>PHILIPPINE</strong> CARABAO (Bubalus<br />
bubalis) AND <strong>PHILIPPINE</strong> RAISED CATTLE (Bos<br />
taurus)*<br />
K. B. Tubalinal, Student<br />
The location, relation to the liver, shape, length and width of<br />
the gallbladder and cystic duct were similar in both the<br />
carabao and cattle. The gallbladder was pear-shaped and<br />
located in between the quadrate and right lobes of the<br />
visceral surface of the liver. It was 9 to 18 cm long and 4<br />
to 10 cm wide in carabao and 8 to 18 cm long and 4.5 to 10<br />
cm wide in cattle. Connected to the neck of the gallbladder<br />
was the cystic duct. Microscopically, the wall of gallbladder<br />
and cystic duct in both species did not present any major<br />
difference. Three types of cells were found in the lining<br />
epithelium: mucus-secreting columnar cells that presented<br />
apical blebs and secreted neutral mucins; non-secretory<br />
columnar cells with brush borders and did not contain any<br />
secretion; and goblet cells that secreted strongly sulphated<br />
acid mucins. Mucous and mixed glands with the same<br />
cells as the lining epithelium, were observed in the<br />
gallbladder and cystic duct walls of both the bubaline and<br />
bovine species. The bile volume obtained in both species<br />
ranged from 20 to 340 ml, the pH, from six to 8.1, the<br />
specific gravity, from 1.0030 to >1.0045 and the bile color,<br />
from yellow to green to brown. Results showed that the<br />
gross and microscopic anatomy of the gallbladder and<br />
cystic duct and the physical characteristics of bile did not<br />
differ markedly between the sexes and between the two<br />
30<br />
ABSTRACT OF RESEARCHES ON<br />
<strong>THE</strong> <strong>PHILIPPINE</strong> <strong>WATER</strong> <strong>BUFFALO</strong><br />
species (carabao and cattle) studied. Similarly, the<br />
measurements when subjected to Two-sample t-test showed<br />
that the size of the gallbladder and the physical<br />
characteristics of bile did not vary significantly between<br />
the sexes and the two species of ruminant studied.<br />
Keywords: anatomy, gall bladder, cystic duct, bile,<br />
Philippine carabao, Philippine cattle<br />
*Undergraduate thesis, College of Veterinary Medicine,<br />
University of the Philippines Los Baños, 2001.<br />
A-77<br />
CLASSIFICATION OF MUZZLE PRINTS IN<br />
<strong>PHILIPPINE</strong> CARABAO (Bubalus bubalis L.) AND<br />
ITS <strong>PHILIPPINE</strong>-MURRAH CROSSBRED*<br />
A. D. C. Velasco, Student<br />
Muzzle prints were taken from two hundred (200) Philippine<br />
carabaos and its crossbred from the Philippine Carabao<br />
Center, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna<br />
and Livestock Auction Center, Padre Garcia, Batangas.<br />
The muzzle prints of the carabao showed clear images of<br />
the various features seen on the surface of the muzzle.<br />
Among the distinct features observed in a muzzle print<br />
were the median groove, representing the philtrum; central<br />
depression, representing a depressed round area on the<br />
muzzle; beads, representing the polygonal raised areas on<br />
the surface of the muzzle; fine dark lines near the upper lip,<br />
representing the hair in the area of muzzle; and white lines<br />
around the beads, representing the grooves surrounding<br />
the surface tubercles. The height of the muzzle ranged from<br />
6.2-10.8 cm while its width ranged from 3.4-5.3 cm. The<br />
muzzle prints were initially classified based on the presence<br />
and absence of the median groove. Those with a median<br />
groove were again classified based on the continuity of the<br />
median groove up to the upper lip. Each major classification<br />
was further subdivided based on the length and width of<br />
the median groove, presence or absence of central<br />
depressions and the direction and manner of origin of the<br />
beds from the median groove. Of the 200 carabao muzzle<br />
prints examined, 190 (95%) showed median groove while<br />
only 10 (5.0%) had no median groove. Ninety eight (49%)<br />
of the muzzle prints had no central depression while 102<br />
(51.0%) showed central depression. Some prints showed<br />
only one central depression, others had two which were<br />
either conjoined or separate, and one print showed three<br />
central depressions. There was no significant difference<br />
between the muzzle prints of Philippine carabao and of the<br />
Philippine Murrah based on the presence and absence of<br />
median groove, bead radiation and bead origin. Muzzle<br />
printing is an easy and simple procedure. On closer