THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO

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C. P. Maala, Associate Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños R. D. Domingo, Student R. J. T. Ducusin, Instructor, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños The permanent and temporary premolars and molars of the Philippine carabao were examined and described. The permanent cheek teeth were arranged in 2 rows along the alveolar borders of the maxilla and mandible. In the upper jaw the dental rows were curved with their concavities facing each other while in the lower jaw they were almost parallel with each other. When viewed laterally, the upper premolars were directed ventrocaudally while the rest (upper molars and lower premolars and molars) were almost straight. The crowns of the cheek teeth narrowed as they joined the roots except in the last pairs of molars. Each permanent premolar and molar was made up of one and two columns, respectively, except the third lower molar which had a small third column located caudally. There were 3 roots for each upper cheek tooth and two for the lower cheek teeth except in the third lower molar which had a rostral root and 2 caudal roots which were usually fused. The temporary cheek teeth were smaller than the permanent teeth. In the upper jaw, the first premolar resembled the permanent premolars while the other two temporary premolars and the upper permanent molars were morphologically similar. In the lower jaw, the first two pairs of premolars resembled their permanent counterparts while the last premolar resembled the permanent lower molars. The crowns of the first upper premolar and first and second lower premolars were made up of one column each while there were 2 columns in the second and third premolars. The third lower premolar had 3 columns. In both upper and lower jaws, the first premolars had 2 roots while the second and third premolars had 3 each. Keywords: anatomy, permanent cheek teeth, temporary cheek teeth, Philippine carabao, Bubalus bubalis *The Philippine Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 26(2): 61- 70, 1989. A-45 IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF SOME ENDOCRINE CELLS IN THE SMALL INTESTINE OF THE PHILIPPINE CARABAO* (Bubalus bubalis)* C. P. Maala, Associate Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños I. A. Rye, Student N. Y. Calingasan, Assistant Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños G. D. de Ocampo, Assistant Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños 18 ABSTRACT OF RESEARCHES ON THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO J. Yamada, Professor, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan N. Kitamura, Associate Professor, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan Serotonin-, chromogranin-, somatostatin-, gastrin-, secretin- , substance P-, and motilin- immunoreactive cells were localized in the small intestine of the Philippine carabao by immunocytochemistry. Their distribution and relative frequency in the three regions of the small intestine were determined. Serotonin secreting cells were most numerous in the duodenum and least in the jejunum. Chromogranin immunoreactive cells were abundant in the duodenum and ileum but only moderate in numbers in the jejunum. Cells immunoreactive to somatostatin were moderate in the duodenum, few in the jejunum and rare in the ileum. Gastrin immunoreactive cells were seen in moderate number only in the jejunum. Secretin immunoreactive cells were few in the duodenum. Substance P immunoreactive nerve fibers and cells were plentiful in the duodenum and moderate in the jejunum and ileum. Motilin secreting cells were rarely found in the duodenum. They were not demonstrated in the jejunum and ileum. Neurotensin and gastric inhibitory polypeptide producing cells were not localized in the small intestines of carabao. Keywords: immunocytochemical demonstration, endocrine cells, small intestine, Philippine carabao, Bubalus bubalis *The Philippine Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 26(1): 7- 18, 1989. A-46 THE SUPERFICIAL AND GROSS ANATOMY, AND HISTOLOGY OF THE BUCCAL GLANDS OF THE PHILIPPINE CARABAO (Bubalus bubalis L.)* C. P. Maala, Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños P. P. Oncinian, Student In domestic animals, the buccal glands are regarded as small versions of salivary glands scattered in the oral cavity. This study outlines how two kinds of buccal glands can be detected and shows where they are located in the head of the Philippine carabao. It also gives measurements of the sizes of these glands. The middle buccal gland reportedly present in most species of domestic animals was absent in the carabao. Using different histochemical stains, the presence of neutral, sulfated and acidic mucosubstances in the mucous secretory units was demonstrated in the upper buccal gland but not in the lower gland of the Philippine carabao. Although mixed glands, the buccal glands were shown to be predominantly mucous.
Their secretions, together with those of other major salivary glands, coat the food for easier passage from the oral cavity to the esophagus and protect the mucosa of the pharynx and esophagus from mechanical injury. Keywords: superficial anatomy, gross anatomy, histology, buccal glands, Philippine carabao, Bubalus bubalis L. *The Philippine Agricultural Scientist, 86(1): 51-55, 2003. A-47 THE ANATOMY OF THE TRACHEA OF THE PHILIPPINE CARABAO AND CROSSBREDS* C. P. Maala, Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños J. F. Policarpio, Assistant Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gregorio Araneta University Foundation A. S. Sarabia, Senior Research Specialist, Philippine Carabao Center, University of the Philippines Los Baños The anatomy of the trachea of the Philippine carabao (PC), Phil-Murrah F 1 (PM F 1 ) (Murrah Buffalo x PC), Philmurrah F 1 (PM F 1 ) (Murrah x Buffalo x PC) and Phil- Murrah F 2 (PM F 2 ) (Phil-Murrah x Phil-Murrah) was studied. A total of 12 buffalo bulls (4 each of PC, PM F 1 , and PM F 2 ) were used. The bubaline trachea was noncollapsible tube which extends from the cricoid cartilage cranially to the root of the lung where it is divided into right and left principal bronchi. A short distance cranial to its bifurcation, the trachea gave of the tracheal bronchus (epibronchus). In the PC, the opening of the tracheal bronchus involved tracheal cartilages 46 to 48, whereas, in PMF 1 and PMF 2 crossbreds, tracheal cartilages 45 to 49. The length of the trachea, number of tracheal cartilages, number of fused cartilages, horizontal and vertical diameters, and the thickness and width of the cartilages of the three breed types were analyzed using One-way analysis covariance (ANACOVA), with weight of the animal as covariate. The length of the trachea of the three breed types was not significantly different from one another (P>0.05). The number of the tracheal cartilages of the PM F 1 (55.03+1.0) were significantly greater (P
Page 1 and 2: ABSTRACT OF RESEARCHES ON THE PHILI
Page 3 and 4: USER’S GUIDE The book contains pu
Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGMENT Grateful recognition
Page 7 and 8: CONTENTS Inoc, J. G. and C. P. Maal
Page 9 and 10: CONTENTS Viernes, Jr., V. D. 2004.
Page 11 and 12: CONTENTS Harada, H., et al. Ultraso
Page 13 and 14: CONTENTS Ocampo, M. B., et al. Clea
Page 15 and 16: CONTENTS Aranas, T. J., et al. 1968
Page 17 and 18: CONTENTS Romulo, B. H., et al. Dige
Page 19 and 20: ANATOMY A-1 DISTRIBUTION AND MICROS
Page 21 and 22: of the islet. The pancreatic- polyp
Page 23 and 24: (P>0.05) from that of the Philippin
Page 25 and 26: A-15 THE MODIFIED HORN RING METHOD
Page 27 and 28: undifferentiated cells. Mucigenous
Page 29 and 30: *Abstracts of Completed Researches,
Page 31 and 32: A-31 SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC
Page 33 and 34: cells” had fewer zymogen granules
Page 35: is recommended that two years old P
Page 39 and 40: elated peptide (CGRP), vasoative in
Page 41 and 42: methods. The diameter of the semini
Page 43 and 44: appearance to the fungiform papilla
Page 45 and 46: of pyknotic nuclei in the follicula
Page 47 and 48: observed. Continuous medullary patt
Page 49 and 50: examination of the muzzle prints no
Page 51 and 52: conspicuously absent in the tunica
Page 53 and 54: esembles closely that of the lympho
Page 55 and 56: obtained for total serum protein, a
Page 57 and 58: A study in the conception rate of t
Page 59 and 60: significantly (P
Page 61 and 62: and Philippine-Murrah in health. Ei
Page 63 and 64: months to 3 years. Erythrocyte size
Page 65 and 66: were highly significant level (P
Page 67 and 68: THE CATTLE AND CARABAO BREEDING PRO
Page 69 and 70: estimated breeding values of (EBVs)
Page 71 and 72: and broken horn were common among t
Page 73 and 74: the Alb A Alb B and Alb B Alb B gen
Page 75 and 76: different in trms of shear force va
Page 77 and 78: stock farms which practiced backyar
Page 79 and 80: Ravi was at the top. The heterosis
Page 81 and 82: & 4):61-66. Also in Annotated Bibli
Page 83 and 84: Series of experiment were conducted
Page 85 and 86: Keywords: embryo, in vitro fertiliz
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The percentages of pregnant cattle
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after the second injection. The con
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INSEMINATION OF PHILIPPINE CARABAO
Page 93 and 94:
It was noted that regardless of the
Page 95 and 96:
the presence or absence of cysteami
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R. de Vera, Laboratory Aid, PCC-OED
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on the factors affecting embryo rec
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Expanded blastocysts did nor surviv
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Early pregnancy diagnosis was condu
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ng/ml and dropped sharply at partur
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R-67 MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATIC FACTOR
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Keywords: carabao heifers, estrous
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animal draft power was designed and
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Water Buffalo Researches in the Phi
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D-13 SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEM
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FEEDING AND NUTRITION F-1 OBSERVATI
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W. L. Johnson, Former Graduate Assi
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in a majority of the carcass compon
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F-16 FEEDING VALUE OF CORN STOVER-M
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(DDMI) of rice straw per 100 kg bod
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D. D. Lorenzo, Instructor, Departme
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Tethering, soiling, communal pastur
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C. R. Legaspino, Former Student, De
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70.97 mg percent. Age and sex seeme
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levels (8.3 mg/100 ml vs. 11.0 mg/1
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for the first 7 months. Tethering p
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L. S. Castillo, Professor, Departme
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Keywords: caraheifers, chromic oxid
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similar. Addition of 1% urea in the
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espectively. Detergent fiber analys
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V. S. Subere, Former M. S. Student,
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serovars were used namely: Leptospi
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was conducted in the abattoirs of M
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Pseudomonas sp. (2.86%), Pasteurell
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*Undergraduate thesis, College of V
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upper respiratory tract of normal c
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studies are necessary to find possi
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permanent cheek teeth, 26 permanent
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uy back operation, 11 calving inter
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caraheifers, 2, 27, 45 carcass qual
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THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO

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