THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO

C. P. Maala, Associate Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine, University
of the Philippines Los Baños
R. D. Domingo, Student
R. J. T. Ducusin, Instructor, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of
the Philippines Los Baños
The permanent and temporary premolars and molars of the
Philippine carabao were examined and described. The
permanent cheek teeth were arranged in 2 rows along the
alveolar borders of the maxilla and mandible. In the upper
jaw the dental rows were curved with their concavities
facing each other while in the lower jaw they were almost
parallel with each other. When viewed laterally, the upper
premolars were directed ventrocaudally while the rest
(upper molars and lower premolars and molars) were
almost straight. The crowns of the cheek teeth narrowed as
they joined the roots except in the last pairs of molars.
Each permanent premolar and molar was made up of one
and two columns, respectively, except the third lower
molar which had a small third column located caudally.
There were 3 roots for each upper cheek tooth and two for
the lower cheek teeth except in the third lower molar which
had a rostral root and 2 caudal roots which were usually
fused. The temporary cheek teeth were smaller than the
permanent teeth. In the upper jaw, the first premolar
resembled the permanent premolars while the other two
temporary premolars and the upper permanent molars were
morphologically similar. In the lower jaw, the first two pairs
of premolars resembled their permanent counterparts while
the last premolar resembled the permanent lower molars.
The crowns of the first upper premolar and first and second
lower premolars were made up of one column each while
there were 2 columns in the second and third premolars.
The third lower premolar had 3 columns. In both upper and
lower jaws, the first premolars had 2 roots while the second
and third premolars had 3 each.
Keywords: anatomy, permanent cheek teeth, temporary
cheek teeth, Philippine carabao, Bubalus bubalis
*The Philippine Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 26(2): 61-
70, 1989.
A-45
IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF
SOME ENDOCRINE CELLS IN THE SMALL
INTESTINE OF THE PHILIPPINE CARABAO*
(Bubalus bubalis)*
C. P. Maala, Associate Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine, University
of the Philippines Los Baños
I. A. Rye, Student
N. Y. Calingasan, Assistant Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine,
University of the Philippines Los Baños
G. D. de Ocampo, Assistant Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine,
University of the Philippines Los Baños
18
ABSTRACT OF RESEARCHES ON
THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO
J. Yamada, Professor, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary
Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
N. Kitamura, Associate Professor, Obihiro University of Agriculture and
Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
Serotonin-, chromogranin-, somatostatin-, gastrin-, secretin-
, substance P-, and motilin- immunoreactive cells were
localized in the small intestine of the Philippine carabao by
immunocytochemistry. Their distribution and relative
frequency in the three regions of the small intestine were
determined. Serotonin secreting cells were most numerous
in the duodenum and least in the jejunum. Chromogranin
immunoreactive cells were abundant in the duodenum and
ileum but only moderate in numbers in the jejunum. Cells
immunoreactive to somatostatin were moderate in the
duodenum, few in the jejunum and rare in the ileum. Gastrin
immunoreactive cells were seen in moderate number only
in the jejunum. Secretin immunoreactive cells were few in
the duodenum. Substance P immunoreactive nerve fibers
and cells were plentiful in the duodenum and moderate in
the jejunum and ileum. Motilin secreting cells were rarely
found in the duodenum. They were not demonstrated in the
jejunum and ileum. Neurotensin and gastric inhibitory
polypeptide producing cells were not localized in the small
intestines of carabao.
Keywords: immunocytochemical demonstration,
endocrine cells, small intestine, Philippine carabao, Bubalus
bubalis
*The Philippine Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 26(1): 7-
18, 1989.
A-46
THE SUPERFICIAL AND GROSS ANATOMY, AND
HISTOLOGY OF THE BUCCAL GLANDS OF THE
PHILIPPINE CARABAO (Bubalus bubalis L.)*
C. P. Maala, Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the
Philippines Los Baños
P. P. Oncinian, Student
In domestic animals, the buccal glands are regarded as
small versions of salivary glands scattered in the oral
cavity. This study outlines how two kinds of buccal glands
can be detected and shows where they are located in the
head of the Philippine carabao. It also gives measurements
of the sizes of these glands. The middle buccal gland
reportedly present in most species of domestic animals
was absent in the carabao. Using different histochemical
stains, the presence of neutral, sulfated and acidic
mucosubstances in the mucous secretory units was
demonstrated in the upper buccal gland but not in the lower
gland of the Philippine carabao. Although mixed glands,
the buccal glands were shown to be predominantly mucous.