THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO

undifferentiated cells. Mucigenous granules of varying
degrees of density were observed in the cytoplasm of the
goblet cells. Based on the shape, density and distribution
of the secretory granules, two types of enteroendocrine
cells were observed. Type 1 cells had pleomorphic
secretory granules of varying density in its infranuclear
region, while type 2 cells had generally rounded dense
granules throughout its cytoplasm. No Paneth cells and
non-epithelial cells were observed. The cell types noted in
the lamina propria were plasma cells, mast cells,
eosinophils and neutrophils. The ultrastructural features of
these cells did not significantly differ from what had been
previously reported in other species except that in plasma
cell, the Russell bodies were absent and in the eosinophils,
the nucleus was not lobed.
Keywords: carabao, cecal mucosa, electron microscopy,
morphological descriptions, ultrastructural cells, Bubalus
bubalis
*Abstract of Completed Researches, 1981-1995, (1996)
PCC-DA, UPLB. Also in OED-PCC-DA Abstracts: Water
Buffalo Researches in the Philippines 1981-1995, p.46,
and in the Philippine Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 34 (1
and 2): 82-83 (1997).
A-21
HAIR MEDULLARY PATTERNS IN PHILIPPINE
WATER BUFFALO (Bubalus bubalis)
M. L. A. Santiago-Flores, Resident Veterinarian, Veterinary Teaching
Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines
Los Baños
C. P. Maala, Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the
Philippines Los Baños
J. S. Masangkay, Professor, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of
the Philippines Los Baños
The medullary patterns of hairs taken from the forehead,
lateral surface of forelimb, hindlimb, dorsum, ventral
abdominal wall and tail of Philippine water buffalo (Bubalus
bubalis, Linnaeus) were examined. The hair medullary
patterns in the six body regions varied depending on the
age (young vs old) and sex (male vs female) of the
Philippine water buffalo. Young male buffalo had
predominantly continuous nodose or homogenous type.
Adult male and female buffalo lacked medulla typical of
absent type. Young female Philippine water buffalo showed
a more varied distribution of hair medullary patterns with
the fragmental type restricted to the forehead, and the other
body regions with two to four patterns in varying proportions.
Based on this study, it would therefore be possible to utilize
differences in the hair medullary patterns to distinguish
adult male buffalo from adult female, young male and female
buffalo.
ANATOMY
Keywords: hair medullary pattern, Philippine water buffalo,
Bubalus bubalis
*The Philippine Journal of Veterinary Medicine 38(1): 1-
8, 2001.
A-22
GROSS ANATOMY OF THE TAIL OF THE
PHILIPPINE CARABAO (Bubalus bubalis)*
N. M. D. Gagni, Student
The gross anatomy of the tail of the Philippine carabao was
studied by gross dissection and compared it to that of the ox. It
was found out that the first three vertebra of the tail of the Philippine
carabao were similar to typical vertebrae. It consisted of a body
and arch and processes. The caudal part of the series was
reduced into cylindrical rods. The body of the vertebra was
more cylindrical than that of the ox. The arch and processes
were more or less similar in shape and structure. Mamillary and
accessory processes were absent in both species. Lymph
nodes were not present in the area while the lymph vessels
may have been present in the lymphatic anatomy of the tail of
the carabao but these vessels were to minute for identification.
The arthrological anatomy of the tail presents no special ligaments
in both species. The thickenings of the fascia function as ligaments.
Intervertebral discs were thicker in the carabao than in the ox.
The blood vascular anatomy of the tail showed that the tail was
vascularized by four (4) vessels namely: (a) the median caudal
artery and vein, (b) the superficial lateral vein, (c) the dorsolateral
caudal artery and vein. The superficial lateral caudal artery and
vein was present in the carabao but absent in the ox and was
not accompanied by any artery of like name. The first two
vessels were single while the other two are paired. The caudal
nerves of the tail number five to seven (5-7) pairs in both
species. They terminated at the level of the third and fourth
caudal vertebra. The muscular anatomy of the tail of the carabao
showed eight (8) muscles compared to that of the ox which has
seven (7). A rectococcygeus muscle was present in the carabao
but absent in the ox. This muscle was also present in the horse
and dog. There were slight differences in the origin, insertion and
relations of the muscles. The present study also revealed that no
two tails have exactly identical anatomical patterns
Keywords: gross anatomy, tail, Philippine carabao,
Bubalus bubalis
* Undergraduate Thesis, College of Agriculture and Forestry,
DMMMSU, Bacnotan, La Union, 1991.
A-23
MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF THE TESTES AND
EPIDIDYMIS OF THE PHILIPPINE-MURRAH (PMF2)
(Bubalus bubalis Linn.) CROSSBRED*
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