THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO

studies are necessary to find possible correlation regarding
the liver pathology and its associated bacteria particularly
in the Philippine carabao. Fasciola sp. must always be
considered. More reliable information may be derived from
doing anaerobic culture of liver fluke affected livers if the
purpose of the study is to find a correlation between
fasciolosis and its associated bacteria.
Keywords: liver pathology, bacterial isolation, sequential
liver inspection, carabao
* Undergraduate thesis, College of Veterinary Medicine,
University of the Philippines Los Baños, 1999.
H-33
A PRELIMINARY SEROLOGICAL SURVEY OF
LEPTOSPIRAL INCIDENCE IN PHILIPPINE
CARABAOS BY PLATE SCREEN AND RAPID PLATE
TEST*
D. O. Tumibay, Student
A serological test of Philippine carabaos for the presence of
antibodies against Leptospira pomona and L.
icterohemorrhagiae, was conducted. Only 4 out of 150
(2.66%) carabaos were positive in plate screen test, and
2 (1.33%) were positive in rapid plate test. The results,
although inconclusive, indicated the presence of
leptospirosis among Philippine carabaos.
Keywords: carabao, rapid plate test, leptospira antibodies,
leptospirosis
*Undergraduate Thesis, College of Veterinary Medicine
University of the Philippines Diliman, 1961.
H-34
CLINICO-PATHOLOGIC OBSERVATIONS IN A
CARACALF (Bubalus bubalis) INOCULATED WITH
B:2*
K. C. Villanueva, Student
One healthy male unvaccinated caracalf was
experimentally inoculated subcutaneously with 2-ml of 9.91
x 10 4 cfu of. Three phases of the septicemic disease were
observed. The increase in temperature (phase 1) occurred
at 4.4 h post-infection, respiratory distress (phase 2) also
at 4.5 h post-infection, and the recumbency or terminal
phase (phase 3) was manifested 8 h post-infection. The
duration of the clinical course was 15 h. At necropsy,
subserous petechial hemorrhages throughout the visceral
organs and presence of blood-tinged fluid were observed
in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Histopathology
HEALTH
showed vascular changes characterized by marked
hyperemia, congestion, hemorrhages, edema, and fibrin
formation. These were observed in the lungs, spleen, kidney,
heart, lymph nodes, intestine, tongue, and liver.
Keywords: caracalf, Pasteurella multocida B, inoculation
test, phases of infection, histopathology
*Undergraduate Thesis, College of Veterinary Medicine
University of the Philippines Los Baòos, 2002.
H-35
PREVALENCE OF AGGLUTININS AGAINST
Pasteurella multocida IN CATTLE AND CARABAOS
IN SELECTED REGIONS OF THE PHILIPPINES*
Z. C. O. Zabala, Student
Three hundred nineteen Carabao serum samples and 312
cattle serum samples were collected from a number of
slaughterhouses and farms in the different regions in the
country. The sera were tested against different serotypes
of Pasteurella multocida by the rapid plate agglutination
test. The results showed the predominance of type A over
type B both for cattle and carabao. There was a prevalence
rate of 9.2% for serotype A agglutinins and 1.7% for
serotype B agglutinins. None of the serum samples tested
positively against serotypes D and E. Based on the limited
number of serum samples tested in this study, it appeared
that the predominant serotype of P. multocida to which
Philippine cattle and carabao are exposed to is type A.
However, the focus of the present vaccination against
pasteurellosis in our country is against type B only.
Therefore, there is a need to conduct more thorough
epidemiological studies to determine the real extent of P.
multocida type A infection in cattle and carabaos. Results
of such studies will help in formulating better control
measures against pasteurellosis. Perhaps, the inclusion of
serotype A is necessary in the present vaccine.
Keywords: Pasteurella multocida, serotypes,
pasteurelosis, agglutinin, cattle, carabao
*Undergraduate thesis, College of Veterinary Medicine,
University of the Philippines Los Baños, 1990
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