THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO

Recommendations

Info

A serological test for the presences of Brucella abortus antibodies in native carabaos using the microscopic tube agglutination test was conducted. Only 6 or 3 per cent out of 200 samples tested positive; 44 or 22 per cent, suspicious; and the rest (75 per cent) were considered negative. Although the test was done on a limited number of animals, the results obtained indicate that brucellosis is present among our native carabaos. Keywords: Brucella, antibodies, serum, microscopic tube agglutination, carabao *Undergraduate thesis, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 1964. H-14 SHELF APPROACH (MAGDA’S METHOD) OF PARALUMBAR NERVE BLOCK IN PHILIPPINE CARABAO (WATER BUFFALO: Bubalus bubalis)* E. G. de la Cruz, Student The neuro-architecture of nerves innervating the paralumbar fossa with reference to “shelf” approach (Magda’s method) of paralumbar nerve block in Philippine carabao was described. The nerve supply to the paralumbar area of the carabao was compared with that of the cow. The paralumbar fossa of the Philippine carabao is innervated by the superficial branch of twelve thoracic, the dorsal and ventral branches of the thirteenth thoracic and first two lumbar nerves. Using the last rib and tips of lumbar transverse processes L 1, L 2 and L 4 as landmarks, desensitization of paralumbar area was achieved by injecting local anesthetic solution directly ventral, anterior, posterior and dorsal to tips of these lumbar transverse processes. The “shelf” approach of paralumbar nerve block for Philippine Carabao described in this paper was simple to perform. The technique was especially developed for surgical cases requiring paralumbar approach. Keywords: carabao, local anesthesia, paralumbar nerve block * Undergraduate thesis, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Diliman, 1980. H-15 CAUDAL EPIDURAL ANALGESIA OF THE PHILIPPINE CARACOW (Bubalus bubalis)* T. D. de la Cruz, Student Dissections were done to establish an anatomical basis for caudal or posterior epidural anesthesia of the Philippine 134 ABSTRACT OF RESEARCHES ON THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO carabao. The nerve supply of the gluteal and perineal regions were briefly described and compared with that of the ox. Landmarks for the injection sites were established and procedures for induction of caudal epidural anesthesia were undertaken. The sites of injection established were the sacrococcygeal space, and the first intercoccygeal space. Using an 18 gauge needle 1 ½ inches long, 10-20 ml of xylocaine was injected to the experimental animals with body weights ranging approximately from 200-325 kgs. The depth of needle penetration was from 2-3 cm. There was an immediate onset of anesthesia after 1-3 minutes and the duration of analgesia was as long as 1 to 3 hours. The technique for caudal or posterior epidural anesthesia of the Philippine caracow described in this paper was simple and especially developed to be most effectively used. The anatomical basis or the approached developed has given the practitioner another alternative for the injection site. Keywords: epidural analgesia, caracow, xylocaine *Undergraduate thesis, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Diliman, 1980. H-16 BACTERIAL ISOLATION FROM THE TONSILS, JEJUNAL AND TRACHEOBRONCHIAL LYMPH NODES OF SLAUGHTERED PHILIPPINE CARABAO (Bubalus bubalis)* A. C. de Leon, Student This study isolated, identified and determined the occurrence of bacteria in the tonsils, jejunal and tracheobronchial lymph nodes of 34 slaughtered Phiippine Carabao and 1 slaughtered Philippine Murrah from the slaughterhouses of Calamba and Nagcarlan, Laguna. Corynebacterium sp. (85.71%), Escherichia coli (57.14%), Bacillus sp. (54.29%), Lactobacillus sp. (48.57%), Pseudomonas sp. (17.14%), Pasteurella aerogenes (17.14%), Edwardsiella sp. (17.14%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.14%), Pasteurella multocida (14.29%), Actinomyces pyogenes (11.43%), Stephylococcus aureus (11.43%), Proteus vulgaris (11.43%), Morganella morganii (11.43%), K. oxytoca (11.43%), P. hemolytica (8.57%), Pasteurella sp. (8.57%), Serratia marcescens (8.57%), Listeria sp. (5.71%), Streptococcus sp. (5.71%, Enterobacter cloacae (5.71%), C. freundi (5.71%), Salmonella sp. (5.71%) Actinomyces sp. (2.86%), Citrobacter diversus (2.86%), and Arizona sp. (2.86%) were isolated from the tonsils. Bacteria isolated from the jejunal lymph nodes included Corynebacterium sp. (31.43%), Bacillus sp. (11.43%), Lactobacillus sp. (5.71%), Actinomyces sp. (2.86%),
Pseudomonas sp. (2.86%), Pasteurella mutocida (2.85%), Pasteurella haemolytica (2.86%), Proteus vulgaris (2.86%), E. coli (2.86%), Citrobacter sp. (2.86%), and Enterobacter sp. (2.86%). Bacteria isolated from the tracheobronchial lymph nodes included E. coli (11.43%), Corynebacterium sp. (11.43%), Pasteurella multocida (5.71%, Lactobacillus sp. (2.86%) and Bacillus sp. (2.86%). A large array of bacteria was isolated in this study for the bacterial flora varies greatly among animals. Many factors may have influenced the results of this study such as age, weight, place where the animal was raised and health status, the records of which were not available during its conduct. It is strongly suggested, therefore, that subsequent studies be made in a more controlled environment. In addition, an attempt to isolated anaerobic bacteria needs to be performed. Keywords: bacterial isolation, tonsils, lymph nodes, carabao *Undergraduate thesis, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 1999. H-17 PATHOLOGIC CHARACTERIZATION OF LUNG LESIONS IN SLAUGHTERED CARABAOS AND THEIR BACTERIAL PROFILE * J. L. de los Santos, Student Various forms of pulmonary lesions were encountered among twenty-six bubaline lungs examined. These were categorized into pneumonic and non-pneumonic lesions. The most common of the lung lesions found were consolidations and abscesses. Hemorrhages were the least seen lesions. Microbiological isolation of bacteria from the pathological pulmonary tissues revealed Klebsiella pneumoniae as the predominant organism found among the pulmonary lesions. Pyogenic organisms like Corynebacterium pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeroginosa were also isolated from abscesses with some other form of pneumonia. Isolated from the nasopharyngeal area were Pasteurella multocida, Proteus vulgaris, and Enterobacter sp. together with some nonpathologic microflora, such as N. catarrhalis and B. subtilis. Since pneumonic lesions were relatively nonspecific, identification of causative agents could be done by microbiologic means. It was difficult, however, to prove a definite pathogenic role in the production of pneumonia for many infectious organisms. Moreover, bacterial isolation of an organism by culture did not necessarily indicate causal role. The presence of large numbers of bacterial species in pure culture, or as the predominant agent only provided a presumptive evidence HEALTH of its importance in causing the pneumonic process. It was highly possible that many of the pathogenic organisms isolated from the pneumonic lesions found were standing part of an apparent bacterial infection. It was also quite likely that these organisms are part of the normal flora. As there are many causes of various diseases pertinent to the respiratory tract, along with the predisposing factors involved, the confinement of the sampling to one abattoir is obviously a limitation during the conduct of this study. Also, the attempt to identify the organisms isolated from the pathologic pulmonary tissues was restricted only to aerobic bacteria. It is strongly suggested, therefore, that subsequent studies be made with an attempt to determine other inciting causes of pulmonary lesions. Such studies may be centered on parasitic, viral, fungal, or even mycoplasmal isolation. Keywords: pulmonary lesions, bacterial isolations, carabao *Undergraduate thesis, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 1990. H-18 MONITORING IMMUNE RESPONSE OF CATTLE AND CARABAOS TO THREE TYPES OF CCA VACCINE AGAINST HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA USING ELISA AND PMPT* R. A. Gaza, Student The immunity induced by alum adjuvanted, double emulsion and single emulsion. P. multocida type B vaccines in both cattle and carabao were measured and compared using ELISA. Based on the study, oil adjuvanted vaccines elicited higher antibody production compared to the alum adjuvanted vaccine in cattle which indicated that the preparation of the vaccine can influence the corresponding immune response. However, in carabaos, there was no significant difference in the OD values among the different adjuvants used which might be due to the inherent ability of the carabao to respond to vaccination. The ELISA test is useful when screening large numbers of animals for a certain disease, while PMPT is best used for evaluating the specific protective antibodies induced by the test vaccine. The study was able to show the correlation between these two tests. PMPT determined at what OD value a certain serum was protective. In cattle, OD values of 0.701 and above gave 100% protection while in carabao, values as low as 0.100 can protect the mice when challenged. PMPT results showed that the antibodies induced by the two oil adjuvanted vaccines in both species of animals were highly protective in mice against P. 135
Page 1 and 2:
ABSTRACT OF RESEARCHES ON THE PHILI
Page 3 and 4:
USER’S GUIDE The book contains pu
Page 5 and 6:
ACKNOWLEDGMENT Grateful recognition
Page 7 and 8:
CONTENTS Inoc, J. G. and C. P. Maal
Page 9 and 10:
CONTENTS Viernes, Jr., V. D. 2004.
Page 11 and 12:
CONTENTS Harada, H., et al. Ultraso
Page 13 and 14:
CONTENTS Ocampo, M. B., et al. Clea
Page 15 and 16:
CONTENTS Aranas, T. J., et al. 1968
Page 17 and 18:
CONTENTS Romulo, B. H., et al. Dige
Page 19 and 20:
ANATOMY A-1 DISTRIBUTION AND MICROS
Page 21 and 22:
of the islet. The pancreatic- polyp
Page 23 and 24:
(P>0.05) from that of the Philippin
Page 25 and 26:
A-15 THE MODIFIED HORN RING METHOD
Page 27 and 28:
undifferentiated cells. Mucigenous
Page 29 and 30:
*Abstracts of Completed Researches,
Page 31 and 32:
A-31 SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC
Page 33 and 34:
cells” had fewer zymogen granules
Page 35 and 36:
is recommended that two years old P
Page 37 and 38:
Their secretions, together with tho
Page 39 and 40:
elated peptide (CGRP), vasoative in
Page 41 and 42:
methods. The diameter of the semini
Page 43 and 44:
appearance to the fungiform papilla
Page 45 and 46:
of pyknotic nuclei in the follicula
Page 47 and 48:
observed. Continuous medullary patt
Page 49 and 50:
examination of the muzzle prints no
Page 51 and 52:
conspicuously absent in the tunica
Page 53 and 54:
esembles closely that of the lympho
Page 55 and 56:
obtained for total serum protein, a
Page 57 and 58:
A study in the conception rate of t
Page 59 and 60:
significantly (P
Page 61 and 62:
and Philippine-Murrah in health. Ei
Page 63 and 64:
months to 3 years. Erythrocyte size
Page 65 and 66:
were highly significant level (P
Page 67 and 68:
THE CATTLE AND CARABAO BREEDING PRO
Page 69 and 70:
estimated breeding values of (EBVs)
Page 71 and 72:
and broken horn were common among t
Page 73 and 74:
the Alb A Alb B and Alb B Alb B gen
Page 75 and 76:
different in trms of shear force va
Page 77 and 78:
stock farms which practiced backyar
Page 79 and 80:
Ravi was at the top. The heterosis
Page 81 and 82:
& 4):61-66. Also in Annotated Bibli
Page 83 and 84:
Series of experiment were conducted
Page 85 and 86:
Keywords: embryo, in vitro fertiliz
Page 87 and 88:
The percentages of pregnant cattle
Page 89 and 90:
after the second injection. The con
Page 91 and 92:
INSEMINATION OF PHILIPPINE CARABAO
Page 93 and 94:
It was noted that regardless of the
Page 95 and 96:
the presence or absence of cysteami
Page 97 and 98:
R. de Vera, Laboratory Aid, PCC-OED
Page 99 and 100:
on the factors affecting embryo rec
Page 101 and 102: Expanded blastocysts did nor surviv
Page 103 and 104: Early pregnancy diagnosis was condu
Page 105 and 106: ng/ml and dropped sharply at partur
Page 107 and 108: R-67 MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATIC FACTOR
Page 109 and 110: Keywords: carabao heifers, estrous
Page 111 and 112: animal draft power was designed and
Page 113 and 114: Water Buffalo Researches in the Phi
Page 115 and 116: D-13 SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEM
Page 117 and 118: FEEDING AND NUTRITION F-1 OBSERVATI
Page 119 and 120: W. L. Johnson, Former Graduate Assi
Page 121 and 122: in a majority of the carcass compon
Page 123 and 124: F-16 FEEDING VALUE OF CORN STOVER-M
Page 125 and 126: (DDMI) of rice straw per 100 kg bod
Page 127 and 128: D. D. Lorenzo, Instructor, Departme
Page 129 and 130: Tethering, soiling, communal pastur
Page 131 and 132: C. R. Legaspino, Former Student, De
Page 133 and 134: 70.97 mg percent. Age and sex seeme
Page 135 and 136: levels (8.3 mg/100 ml vs. 11.0 mg/1
Page 137 and 138: for the first 7 months. Tethering p
Page 139 and 140: L. S. Castillo, Professor, Departme
Page 141 and 142: Keywords: caraheifers, chromic oxid
Page 143 and 144: similar. Addition of 1% urea in the
Page 145 and 146: espectively. Detergent fiber analys
Page 147 and 148: V. S. Subere, Former M. S. Student,
Page 149 and 150: serovars were used namely: Leptospi
Page 151: was conducted in the abattoirs of M
Page 155 and 156: *Undergraduate thesis, College of V
Page 157 and 158: upper respiratory tract of normal c
Page 159 and 160: studies are necessary to find possi
Page 161 and 162: permanent cheek teeth, 26 permanent
Page 163 and 164: uy back operation, 11 calving inter
Page 165 and 166: caraheifers, 2, 27, 45 carcass qual
show all

THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?