THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO
THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO
THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO
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for the first 7 months. Tethering plus concentrate at night<br />
gave the heaviest average daily gain (ADG), which was<br />
significantly higher than that of the other two feeding systems<br />
in both breeds, the vales being 0.28 kg ADG for tethering<br />
plus concentrate and 0.13 kg ADG for the control among<br />
the carabaos. For the crossbreed, tethering plus concentrate<br />
gave 0.37 kg ADG compared to 0.23 kg ADG for those<br />
animals tethered only. The native carabaos tethered and<br />
given concentrate gave the highest average daily net income<br />
of P2.50 while those tethered plus napier grass gave the<br />
lowest income of P1.50. For the crossbreed buffaloes,<br />
tethering plus concentrate gave the highest average daily<br />
net income of P4.05 while tethering plus napier grass gave<br />
the lowest net income of P2.88. The water intake of animals<br />
was not influenced by any of the three feeding systems<br />
under specific weather conditions. The systems did not<br />
exert any influence on the estrus phenomenon in both breeds.<br />
Keywords: backyard production, feeding management<br />
systems, native and crossbreed buffaloes<br />
* Philippine Journal of Animal Science. 1985. v. 11 (3 and<br />
4). p. 42-43.<br />
F-49<br />
<strong>THE</strong> EFFECTS OF FEED SUPPLEMENTATION ON<br />
INTAKE AND UTILIZATION OF RICE STRAW BY<br />
CATTLE AND CARABAO*<br />
A. L. Ordoveza, Dairy Specialist, Dairy Training Research Institute,<br />
College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños<br />
A. Y. Robles, Senior Dairy Researchers, Dairy Training Research Institute,<br />
College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños<br />
L. P. Palo, Senior Dairy Researchers, Dairy Training Research Institute,<br />
College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños<br />
W. A. Hardison, UNDP/FAO Consultant, Dairy Training Research Institute,<br />
College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños<br />
A series of four designation and metabolism trials were<br />
conducted using four Holstein bulls and four carabao bulls<br />
of similar age and weight. Four diets were compared in a<br />
4x4 Latin Square Design. The diets were: A, all rice<br />
straw; B, rice straw plus 1 kg ipil-ipil leaf meal (Leucaena<br />
glauca Benth); C, rice straw plus 1 kg corn and ureamolasses<br />
mix; and D, rice straw plus 1 kg corn meal. No<br />
significant difference was found in dry matter (DM) intake<br />
of rice straw among the four treatment groups. Digestibility<br />
of DM and gross energy (49.5 and 52.5%) was significantly<br />
lower for ration A than for the supplemented rations.<br />
Digestibility of crude protein was highest for ration D<br />
(52.5%), followed by ration B (47%), ration C (34%), and<br />
ration A (23.5%). All differences were highly significant.<br />
All animals lost weight during the study.<br />
Keywords: carabao bulls, digestibility, feed<br />
FEEDING AND NUTRITION<br />
supplementation, Holstein bulls, intake, rice straw.<br />
* Philippine Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science.<br />
(1967-1968). v. 4 and 5. p. 118-124.<br />
F-50<br />
OBSERVATION ON <strong>THE</strong> GRAZING BEHAVIOR OF<br />
CARABAO UNDER <strong>THE</strong> MEDA PASTURE*<br />
N. R. Oreña, Student, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture,<br />
Central Luzon State University<br />
D. D. Lorenzo, Instructor, Department of Animal Science, College of<br />
Agriculture, Central Luzon State University<br />
S. S. Bumagat, Instructor, Department of Animal Science, College of<br />
Agriculture, Central Luzon State University<br />
Twelve native yearling carabaos were allowed to graze<br />
over a period of three (3) dry months to observe their<br />
grazing behavior on Themeda pasture and to determine the<br />
effect of stocking rate on the grazing-feeding time during the<br />
dry season. The daytime grazing was significantly affected<br />
by temperature. Grazing time during the day decreased<br />
as temperature increased. Nighttime temperature did not<br />
influence the nighttime grazing period of the animals.<br />
Grazing by animals was accomplished longer during<br />
nighttime. Shade seeking and wallowing turned to be the<br />
most effective means for the carabao to overcome heat<br />
stress during daytime. The animal spent more time to<br />
shade seeking than wallowing, a phenomenon attributed to<br />
the inadequacy of wallowing points. Shade seeking was<br />
found to be significantly correlated with temperature.<br />
Rumination was accomplished mostly during nighttime,<br />
while the animals were resting. Temperature did not affect<br />
the rumination time of the animals. Stocking rate had<br />
neither significantly affected pasture grazing time and<br />
supplemented feeding.<br />
Keywords: grazing behavior, native yearling carabao,<br />
themeda pasture<br />
*Abstracts of Completed Researches. 1981-1986. (1981)<br />
PCRDC-PCARRD, CLSU, Muñoz, Nueva Ecija. Also<br />
in OED-PCC-DA Abstracts: Water Buffalo Researches in<br />
the Philippines. 1981–1995. p. 139.<br />
F-51<br />
COMPARISON OF <strong>THE</strong> FEEDING VALUE OF RICE<br />
STRAW AND RICE STRAW MOLASSES SILAGE IN<br />
CATTLE AND CARABAOS*<br />
L. P. Palo, Research Associate, Dairy Training and Research Institute,<br />
College, of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños<br />
L. S. Castillo, Professor, Department of Animal Husbandry, College of<br />
Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños<br />
N. Panisales, Research Assistant, Department of Animal Husbandry,<br />
College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños<br />
N. Uichanco, Research Assistant, Department of Animal Husbandry,<br />
College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños<br />
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