THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO
THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO
THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO
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A.G. Ocampo, Student, Department of Animal Science, College of<br />
Agriculture, Central Luzon State University<br />
D. D. Lorenzo, Instructor, Department of Animal Science, College of<br />
Agriculture, Central Luzon State University<br />
M. B. Suba, Instructor, Department of Animal Science, College of<br />
Agriculture, Central Luzon State University<br />
Twelve yearling carabao grazing on Themeda pasture at<br />
different stocking rates were observed for a period of five<br />
months to determine the rumination behavior. The average<br />
duration of rumination of 0.7, 0.5 and 0.3 stocking rate<br />
were 9.52, 9.26 and 9.02 hours, respectively. While the<br />
average frequency of rumination were 9.20, 8.20 and 9.20<br />
of the same order of stocking rate. For all animals, the<br />
average duration of rumination was 9.27 hours and the<br />
average frequency of rumination was 8.93 hours. The<br />
animals carried on their rumination activities mostly while<br />
lying down (59.64%), quietly standing (25.07%), wallowing<br />
(15.20%), and while walking short distances (0.07%).<br />
The percentage duration of rumination during night and<br />
daytime were 74.36% and 35.64%, respectively. On the<br />
other hand, the carabaos grazed for 30.37% and 69.63%<br />
during night and daytime, respectively. Statistical analysis<br />
revealed that there is an inverse correlation between<br />
nighttime grazing and nighttime rumination and daytime<br />
grazing, while frequency of rumination was found to be<br />
positively correlated with frequency of grazing. No other<br />
significant correlation was observed between average<br />
duration of rumination and other variables like average<br />
temperature and average grazing.<br />
Keywords: native pasture grazing, rumination behavior,<br />
yearling carabao<br />
*Abstracts of Completed Researches. 1981-1986. (1981)<br />
PCRDC-PCARRD, CLSU, Muñoz, Nueva Ecija. Also<br />
in OED-PCC-DA Abstracts: Water Buffalo Researches in<br />
the Philippines. 1981–1995. p. 138-139.<br />
F-47<br />
EFFECT OF LIMITED CONCENTRATE SUPPLE-<br />
MENTATION ON <strong>THE</strong> PERFORMANCE OF<br />
<strong>PHILIPPINE</strong> CARABAOS AND PHIL-MURRAH<br />
CROSSBRED FED UREA-TREATED RICE STRAW*<br />
B. A. Oliveros, Assistant Professor, Institute of Animal Science, College<br />
of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños<br />
R. M. Lapitan, Supervising Science Research Specialist, Philippine<br />
Carabao Center, Department of Agriculture, University of the Philippines<br />
Los Baños<br />
A. N. del Barrio, Supervising Science Research Specialist, Philippine<br />
Carabao Center, Department of Agriculture, University of the Philippines<br />
Los Baños<br />
A study was conducted to determine the effect of genotype<br />
of animal and level of concentrate supplementation of urea-<br />
118<br />
ABSTRACT OF RESEARCHES ON<br />
<strong>THE</strong> <strong>PHILIPPINE</strong> <strong>WATER</strong> <strong>BUFFALO</strong><br />
treated rice straw (UTRS) on intake and digestibility of<br />
nutrients and growth rate of water buffaloes. Six Philippine<br />
carabaos (PC) and 6 Phil-Murrah (PM) crossbreds, with<br />
an average weight of 380 and 406 kg, respectively, were<br />
randomly allotted to different treatments following a 2 x 2<br />
factorial in randomized complete block design (RCBD).<br />
The two factors were genotype of animal, PC and PM<br />
and level of concentrate supplement, 1.5 or 2.5 kg per day<br />
(equivalent to 0.4 and 0.6% of body weight, respectively.<br />
The basal diet was UTRS which was fed ad libitum.<br />
Philippine carabao had higher (P=0.30) daily dry matter<br />
intake (DMI) of UTRS than PM. Likewise, DMI of UTRS<br />
increased with increasing level of supplementation indicating<br />
the complementary effect of concentrate on the basal diet.<br />
Total DMI was higher (P0.05). The digestibility of dry matter, organic<br />
matter, crude protein, neutral detergent and acid detergent<br />
fibers was not significantly affected by genotype of animal<br />
and level of concentrate supplement. The result of the<br />
study suggests that PM is more efficient than PC in nutrient<br />
utilization. Likewise, supplementation of UTRS with<br />
concentrate at 0.6% of body weight can provide nutrients<br />
for maintenance and growth of water buffaloes.<br />
Keywords: carabao and crossbred, digestibility, growth<br />
performance, limited concentrate supplementation, urea<br />
treated straw<br />
*Abstracts of Completed Researches. 1981-1995. PCC-<br />
DA, UPLB. Also in OED-PCC-DA Abstracts: Water<br />
Buffalo Researches in the Philippines. 1981-1995. p. 26-<br />
27.<br />
F-48<br />
COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF NATIVE AND<br />
CROSSBRED <strong>BUFFALO</strong>ES UNDER BACKYARD<br />
PRODUCTION*<br />
C. O. Olivo, Professor, Southern Mindanao Agricultural Research Complex,<br />
University of Southern Mindanao<br />
Three different feeding management system (tethering alone,<br />
tethering + concentrate at 0.5% of body weight (BW), and<br />
tethering + napier given ad libitum) using 18 caraheifers (9<br />
native, 9 crossbred Murrah buffaloes ( ½ to 2 years of age,<br />
were evaluated for 18 months. Crossbreed buffaloes<br />
significantly gained more weight than the native carabaos