THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO
THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO
THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO
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animal draft power was designed and fabricated for testing.<br />
For draft testing of work animal, two Philippine female<br />
carabaos, regardless of age, weight, conformations and<br />
work experience were used. Each animal was made to<br />
pull horizontal load ranging from 20-110 kg over a concrete<br />
test tract. A more or less constant pull was provided by<br />
means of the draft dynamometer. Operating speed of the<br />
animal and draft dynamometer corresponded to the normal<br />
animal speed when pulling a cart or tillage implement.<br />
Speed of travel range from 0.90–1.10 m/second. The<br />
ability of the animal to pull an implement was affected by<br />
efficiency of steering and straightness of forward motion.<br />
The test effectivity of harness used depends on the<br />
curvature of the yoke fit, and contour of the respective<br />
neck and shoulder muscles of the carabao. Draft animals<br />
development power ranged from 0.30-1.50 hp in pulling a<br />
load of 24 and 110 kg, respectively, on a concrete tract.<br />
Keywords: carabao, draft animal power, dynamometer<br />
*Abstract of Completed Researches, 1981-1995. 1996.<br />
PCC-DA, UPLB. Also in Abstracts of Water Buffalo<br />
Researches in the Philippines. 1981-1995 (1996) PCC-<br />
DA. p. 107. Also in Annotated Bibliography on Philippine<br />
Biodiversity: Livestock and Poultry (Agrobiodiversity)<br />
1949-1997, Carabaos (2002) p. 236.<br />
D-4<br />
<strong>THE</strong> EFFECT OF WORKLOAD ON <strong>THE</strong> LEUKOGRAM<br />
OF <strong>PHILIPPINE</strong> SWAMP <strong>BUFFALO</strong> (Bubalus<br />
Bubalis)*<br />
R. O. Encarnacion, Jr., Student<br />
Three apparently healthy carabaos (PCs) with ages ranging<br />
from 3 to 6 years of age, without pulling experience, were<br />
used to study the hematological changes particularly the<br />
leukocyte values after work. Castrated animals were<br />
used to limit the possible hormonal influence on the<br />
performance of the animals under test. The animals were<br />
subjected to pulling different load gradients of 00 kg, 200 kg<br />
and 300 kg everyday for a succeeding 30 day period for<br />
each load gradient, respectively, covering a 1,000 m asphalt<br />
road everyday for each animal under test. Blood samples<br />
were collected every after seven days starting on the first<br />
day of the trial. The total white blood cell (WBC) relative<br />
and absolute different WBC counts were determined and<br />
recorded. Results of the study showed that workload do<br />
not alter the leukogram of the experimental animals used in<br />
this study under the described test conditions.<br />
Keywords: leukocyte value, hematological changes,<br />
Philippine carabaos<br />
DRAFT POWER<br />
*Undergraduate Thesis, CVM-CLSU, Muñoz, Nueva<br />
Ecija (1998). Also in Abstracts of Water Buffalo Researches<br />
in the Philippines 1981-1995. (1996) PCC-DA. p. 84.<br />
Also in Annotated Bibliography on Philippine Biodiversity:<br />
Livestock and Poultry (Agrobiodiversity) 1949-1997,<br />
Carabaos (2002) p. 341.<br />
D-5<br />
DRAFTABILITY OF CARABAO AND CROSSBRED<br />
STEERS (MB X PC) UNDER WET AND DRY LAND<br />
TILLAGE OPERATION*<br />
E. P. Garillo, M. S. Student, DAS-IGS, CLSU<br />
S. K. Ranjhan, PCRDC Project Manager and FAO-UNDP Consultant<br />
S. P. Neric, Professor, DAS-CA, CLSU<br />
C. G. Salas, Sr., Professor, CAE, CLSU<br />
O. D. Quines, Assistant Professor, CVSM, CLSU<br />
Two treatment groups consisting of four Philippine carabao<br />
(PC’s) and four crossbred Murrah buffalo (MB x PC steers)<br />
were subjected to two types of plowing work in order to<br />
evaluate their draftability on wet and dry field conditions.<br />
Results indicate no significant variations between breeds in<br />
so far as their draft-force, drawbar horsepower, body weight<br />
changes and physiological responses in terms of pulse rate<br />
and temperature (PRT) values and eosinophil level of the<br />
blood were concerned. The average drawbar horsepower<br />
of the PC and crossbred during wet plowing were 0.365 PS<br />
and 0.354 PS, respectively, and 0.300 PS and 0.338 PS,<br />
respectively, with dry plowing. There was no significant<br />
correlation between drawbar horsepower on draft-force and<br />
live body weight. PRT values were influenced by<br />
atmospheric conditions prevailing during the study. These<br />
results suggest that the PC and its crossbred have familiar<br />
performance under wet paddy conditions.<br />
Keywords: draftability, Philippine carabao, Phil-Murrah,<br />
physiological responses<br />
*Indian Journal of Animal Science, 57:575-580. Also in<br />
Abstracts of Water Buffalo Researches in the Philippines.<br />
1981-1995, (1996) PCC-DA. p. 108. Also in Annotated<br />
Bibliography on Philippine Biodiversity: Livestock and Poultry<br />
(Agrobiodiversity) 1949-1997, Carabaos (2002) p. 201.<br />
D-6<br />
PERFORMANCE OF DRAFT CARABAOS UNDER<br />
TWO DOMINANT CROPPINGS SYSTEMS IN<br />
CAGAYAN VALLEY*<br />
G. D. Lasam, Regional Director, MA II<br />
C. A. Cabaccan, Researcher, MA II<br />
Twenty-four Farmer-cooperators in Solana, Cagayan (rice-<br />
93