THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO

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tract and ovaries, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) among breedtypes indicating that size and weight of the animal at puberty had no bearing on the development of the reproductive system. At pre-pubertal and follicular stages, the plasma progesterone concentration was below 0.5 ng/ml. As sexual maturity was attained, the plasma progesterone level subsequently increased, as the corpus luteum {C} was formed after ovulation. The mean plasma progesterone concentrations at first luteal stage were 2.68 + 1.16 ng/ml for the PC, and 2.5 + 1.03 ng/ml and 2.32 + 0.93 ng/ml for PM and PR crossbreeds, respectively. Breedtypes did not differ in their post-partum reproductive performance with respect to uterine and cervix involutions, ovarian activity, behavior estrus, service period and calving interval. Keywords: Philippine carabao, crossbreed, confinement, puberty, progesterone concentration, *Proceedings of the PSAS at the 32 nd Annual Convention, PICC, October 26-27, 1995. p. 245-260. Also in PCC R & D Highlights 1994-1996. 1997. p. 14-16. Also in Abstracts of Water Buffalo Researches in the Philippines 1981-1995. 1996. PCC-DA. p. 74. Also in Annotated Bibliography on Philippine Biodiversity: Livestock and Poultry (Agrobiodiversity) 1949-1997, Carabaos. 2002. p. 285. R-60 POST-PARTUM UTERINE INVOLUTION AND OVARIAN ACTIVITY IN PHILIPPINE CARABAO COWS* A. S. Sarabia, Science Research Specialist, PCRDC-PCARRD, UPLB O. A. Palad, Associate Professor, IAS-CA, UPLB V. G. Momongan, Prof., IAS-CA, UPLB & Proj. Leader, PCRDC-PCARRD, UPLB Sixty-four post partum suckled carabao-cows, five to ten years old, which calved between January, 1983 and December 1986 were used in the study to establish the post-partum uterine involution and resumption of ovarian activity so that recommendations can be made with regards to subsequent breeding of carabaos after calving to reduce service period. Results of the study indicated that uterine and cervical involution in female carabao-cow was completed on day 50.33 + 11.77 post-partum. Based on this observation, carabao-cow could be bred as early as 55 days post-partum provided it shows cyclicity and nothing abnormal is detected in its reproductive organs by rectal palpation. However, the first post-partum estrus did not come until after 133.32 + 78.92 days. Findings of rectal palpation showed that of the 64 pregnancies, 59% was maintained in the left horn while 41% was in the right horn. The gestation period in carabao-cows averaged 316.94 + 86 ABSTRACT OF RESEARCHES ON THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO 8.99 days. The service period or the duration from the time of parturation until conception was classified into (a) early (between 60-150 days); (b) medium (151-240 days); and (c) late (241 days above). It was observed that more than 50% of the experimental carabaos fall under the late service period category. The overall calving interval or the duration between two consecutive calvings averaged 627.84 + 190.77 days or 1.72 + 0.52 years. The results indicated that the return of the reproductive tract of carabao-cows to normal non-pregnant condition was longer than in the other buffalo breeds reported. Furthermore, the results of other reproductive parameters showed the reproductive efficiency of the female Philippine carabao. This implies that there are a lot more to be done to improve the reproductive performance of the animal, particularly the shortening of the service period or the early induction of the post-partum ovarian activity. Keywords: calving interval, gestation period, post-partum ovarian activity, service period, uterine and cervical involution *Abstract of Completed Researches 1981-1995. (1985). PCC-DA, UPLB, College, Laguna. Also in Phil. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 1985. 11 (3 & 4): 37 (Abstr.). Also in Abstracts of Water Buffalo Researches in the Philippines. 1981-1995. 1996. PCC-DA. p. 72-73. Also in Annotated Bibliography on Philippine Biodiversity: Livestock and Poultry (Agrobiodiversity) 1949 - 1997, Carabaos. 2002. p. 326. R-61 BLOOD PLASMA PROGESTERONE PROFILES DURING PREGNANCY, PARTURITION AND POST- PARTUM IN PHILIPPINE CARABAO COWS (Bubalus bubalis Linn.)* A. S. Sarabia, University Researcher, PCRDC-PCARRD, UPLB N. P. Roxas, Assistant Professor, IAS-CA, UPLB O. A. Palad, Associate Professor, IAS-CA, UPLB M. Singh, FAO-UNDP Consultant for PCRDC V. G. Momongan, Prof., IAS-CA, UPLB & Proj. Leader, PCRDC-PCARRD, UPLB Studies were conducted to establish the plasma progesterone levels in relation to pregnancy, parturation and post-partum in thirteen pregnant and twenty post-partum carabao cows in confinement. Both plasma progesterone and rectal palpation were utilized to determine post-partum ovarian changes. The result indicated that plasma progesterone was very low at the time of insemination (1.45 + 0.145 ng/ml). The value gradually increased above 2.07 + 0.25 ng/ml on the third trimester of pregnancy (days 183-320). However, at about 15 days pre-partum, plasma progesterone increased to a peak of 2.590 + 0.906
ng/ml and dropped sharply at parturition time to 0.543 + 0.157 ng/ml. Rectal palpation indicated that uterine horns returned to normal size and shape on day 33.15 + 2.64 post-partum although the cervix became stabilized at a diameter of 2.68 + 0.09 cm on days 51.8 + 2.29 postpartum based on ovarian palpation. Post-partum estrus occurred on 101.0 + 17.5 and 116.1 + 19.9 days, as determined by a vasectomized bull and plasma progesterone level, respectively. Suckling tends to increase post-partum anestrus. Keywords: Philippine carabao cow, plasma progesterone, pregnancy, parturition, involution, postpartum ovarian activity. *Phil. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 1985. 11(3&4):36 (Abstr.). Also in Abstracts of Completed Researches, 1981-1995. (1985). PCC-UPLB, College, Laguna. Also in Abstracts of Water Buffalo Researches in the Philippines 1981-1995. 1996. PCC-DA. p. 73. Also in Annotated Bibliography on Philippine Biodiversity: Livestock and Poultry (Agrobiodiversity) 1949-1997, Carabaos. 2002. p. 328. R-62 BLOOD PLASMA PROGESTERONE PROFILE DURING PREGNANCY AND PARTURITION IN PHILIPPINE CARABAOS (Bubalus bubalis Linn.)* A. S. Sarabia, University Researcher, PCRDC-PCARRD, UPLB N. P. Roxas, Assistant Professor, IAS-CA, UPLB M. Singh, FAO-UNDP Consultant for PCRDC O. A. Palad, Associate Professor, IAS-CA, UPLB V. G. Momongan, Prof., IAS-CA, UPLB & Proj. Leader, PCRDC-PCARRD, UPLB Caracows examined had a mean plasma progesterone concentration of 0.17 + 0.05 ng/ml on the day of insemination (estrus), the level increasing to 2.90 + 0.56 ng/ml between days 36 and 42 of pregnancy. The concentration declined and remained fairly constant (2.20 + 0.31 ng/ml on days 43-49 to 1.89 + 0.28 ng/ml on days 169-182) through out the duration of pregnancy, and decreased in value (1.47 + 0.24 ng/ml on days 281-294) with the advance of pregnancy. However, the level increased from 0.97 + 0.17 ng/ml between day 1 and 7 pre-partum, and drastically dropped to 0.54 + 0.16 ng/ml on the day of parturition. The mean gestation period was 311.64 + 2.39 days (n=11). The progesterone level remains at basal values during early post-partum, which ranged from 0.001 to 0.08 ng/ml until day 29 to 35 post-partum. Keywords: gestation period, parturition, plasma progesterone, post-partum ovarian activity *Abstracts of Completed Researches 1981-1995. (1986). REPRODUCTION PCC-DA, UPLB, College, Laguna. Also in Abstracts of Water Buffalo Researches in the Philippines 1981-1995. 1996. PCC-DA. p. 73. Also in Annotated Bibliography on Philippine Biodiversity: Livestock and Poultry (Agrobiodiversity) 1949-1997, Carabaos. 2002. p. 329. R-63 FOLLICULAR DYNAMICS IN PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO (Bubalus bubalis)* O. F. Smith, Ph.D. Student, IGS, CLSU P. G. Duran, Science Research Specialist, PCRDC-PCARRD, CLSU H. V. Venturina, Science Research Specialist, PCRDC-PCARRD, CLSU F. A. Adriano, Science Research Specialist, PCRDC-PCARRD, CLSU L. C. Cruz, Prof., DAS-CA, CLSU and Project Leader, PCRDC-PCARRD, CLSU The results showed that the mean number of small-sized follicles (103 mm) was greater (P
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ABSTRACT OF RESEARCHES ON THE PHILI
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USER’S GUIDE The book contains pu
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT Grateful recognition
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CONTENTS Inoc, J. G. and C. P. Maal
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CONTENTS Viernes, Jr., V. D. 2004.
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CONTENTS Harada, H., et al. Ultraso
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CONTENTS Ocampo, M. B., et al. Clea
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CONTENTS Aranas, T. J., et al. 1968
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CONTENTS Romulo, B. H., et al. Dige
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ANATOMY A-1 DISTRIBUTION AND MICROS
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of the islet. The pancreatic- polyp
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(P>0.05) from that of the Philippin
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A-15 THE MODIFIED HORN RING METHOD
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undifferentiated cells. Mucigenous
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*Abstracts of Completed Researches,
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A-31 SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC
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cells” had fewer zymogen granules
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is recommended that two years old P
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Their secretions, together with tho
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elated peptide (CGRP), vasoative in
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methods. The diameter of the semini
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appearance to the fungiform papilla
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of pyknotic nuclei in the follicula
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observed. Continuous medullary patt
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examination of the muzzle prints no
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conspicuously absent in the tunica
Page 53 and 54: esembles closely that of the lympho
Page 55 and 56: obtained for total serum protein, a
Page 57 and 58: A study in the conception rate of t
Page 59 and 60: significantly (P
Page 61 and 62: and Philippine-Murrah in health. Ei
Page 63 and 64: months to 3 years. Erythrocyte size
Page 65 and 66: were highly significant level (P
Page 67 and 68: THE CATTLE AND CARABAO BREEDING PRO
Page 69 and 70: estimated breeding values of (EBVs)
Page 71 and 72: and broken horn were common among t
Page 73 and 74: the Alb A Alb B and Alb B Alb B gen
Page 75 and 76: different in trms of shear force va
Page 77 and 78: stock farms which practiced backyar
Page 79 and 80: Ravi was at the top. The heterosis
Page 81 and 82: & 4):61-66. Also in Annotated Bibli
Page 83 and 84: Series of experiment were conducted
Page 85 and 86: Keywords: embryo, in vitro fertiliz
Page 87 and 88: The percentages of pregnant cattle
Page 89 and 90: after the second injection. The con
Page 91 and 92: INSEMINATION OF PHILIPPINE CARABAO
Page 93 and 94: It was noted that regardless of the
Page 95 and 96: the presence or absence of cysteami
Page 97 and 98: R. de Vera, Laboratory Aid, PCC-OED
Page 99 and 100: on the factors affecting embryo rec
Page 101 and 102: Expanded blastocysts did nor surviv
Page 103: Early pregnancy diagnosis was condu
Page 107 and 108: R-67 MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATIC FACTOR
Page 109 and 110: Keywords: carabao heifers, estrous
Page 111 and 112: animal draft power was designed and
Page 113 and 114: Water Buffalo Researches in the Phi
Page 115 and 116: D-13 SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEM
Page 117 and 118: FEEDING AND NUTRITION F-1 OBSERVATI
Page 119 and 120: W. L. Johnson, Former Graduate Assi
Page 121 and 122: in a majority of the carcass compon
Page 123 and 124: F-16 FEEDING VALUE OF CORN STOVER-M
Page 125 and 126: (DDMI) of rice straw per 100 kg bod
Page 127 and 128: D. D. Lorenzo, Instructor, Departme
Page 129 and 130: Tethering, soiling, communal pastur
Page 131 and 132: C. R. Legaspino, Former Student, De
Page 133 and 134: 70.97 mg percent. Age and sex seeme
Page 135 and 136: levels (8.3 mg/100 ml vs. 11.0 mg/1
Page 137 and 138: for the first 7 months. Tethering p
Page 139 and 140: L. S. Castillo, Professor, Departme
Page 141 and 142: Keywords: caraheifers, chromic oxid
Page 143 and 144: similar. Addition of 1% urea in the
Page 145 and 146: espectively. Detergent fiber analys
Page 147 and 148: V. S. Subere, Former M. S. Student,
Page 149 and 150: serovars were used namely: Leptospi
Page 151 and 152: was conducted in the abattoirs of M
Page 153 and 154: Pseudomonas sp. (2.86%), Pasteurell
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*Undergraduate thesis, College of V
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upper respiratory tract of normal c
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studies are necessary to find possi
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permanent cheek teeth, 26 permanent
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uy back operation, 11 calving inter
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caraheifers, 2, 27, 45 carcass qual
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THE PHILIPPINE WATER BUFFALO

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