Middle and Late Bronze Age Metal Tools from the Aegean, Eastern ...

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Sites & Object types Specific object date Tool type category Context L W Bibliography Chisel Level 3 Carpentry/masonry Settlement 7.5 Mellaart and Murray 1995, 132, C72 Chisel bit? Level 1 Carpentry/masonry Settlement 5.5 cm ce = 0.5 cm Mellaart and Murray 1995, 136, c141 Chisel Level 3 Carpentry/masonry Settlement 10.8 cm ce = 2.2 cm Mellaart and Murray 1995, 132, c. 70, fig O6 Chisel Level 3 Carpentry/masonry Settlement 7.5 Mellaart and Murray 1995, 132, C72 Chisel bit? Level 1 Carpentry/masonry Settlement 5.5 cm middle = 0.6 cm Mellaart and Murray 1995, 136, c141 Chisel, socketed Level 3 Carpentry/masonry Settlement 12.55 cm ce = 1.45 cm Mellaart and Murray 1995, 132, c71, fig. O.6 Implement, uncertain Level 2 Small crafts Settlement 11.7 cm ce =0.5 cm Mellaart and Murray 1995, 134, c95 Implement, uncertain Level 2 Small crafts Settlement 9.4 cm middle = 0.55 cm Mellaart and Murray 1995, 134, c97 Implement, uncertain Level 2 Small crafts Settlement 9.15 cm broken tip = 0.7 cm Mellaart and Murray 1995, 133, c94 Knife, single edged Level 2 Utilitarian Settlement 12 cm tang w = 1.3 cm Mellaart and Murray 1995, 134, c105, fig O8 Knife, iron Level 1 Utilitarian Settlement 7.3 cm greatest = 1.85 Mellaart and Murray 1995, 136, c143, fig O11 Knife or dagger Level 3 Utilitarian Settlement 11.7 cm tang w = 2.3 cm Mellaart and Murray 1995, 132, c.75, fig O6 Knife or dagger Level 3 Utilitarian Settlement 20.1 cm greatest = 3.1 cm Mellaart and Murray 1995, 132, c.74, fig O6 Sickle Level 3 Agricultural Settlement 15.35 cm middle = 1.85 cm Mellaart and Murray 1995, 132, c68, fig O5 Sickle Level 3 Agricultural Settlement 10.95 cm middle = 2.1 cm Mellaart and Murray 1995, 132, c67, fig O5 Beycesultan - 2nd millennium Chisel Carpentry/masonry Settlement 12.5 ce = 0.3 Müller-Karpe 1994, 231 pl 67.7; Lloyd and Mellaart 1962, 281, 291, fig F8.4, pl 34 Chisel Carpentry/masonry Settlement 10.1 ce = 0.75 Müller-Karpe 1994, 231,pl 67.14; Lloyd and Mellaart 1962, 284, fig F9, 8 Mold for trunnion Ax Bitik - LBA Metallurgical Settlement Müller-Karpe 1994, 206, pl 37.2; Lloyd and Mellaart 1962, 272, 276, 287, fig 4.1, F.10 Ax, trunnion/lugged 14th-13th century BC Carpentry/masonry Settlement 11.7 cm 5 cm Erkanal 1977, 7 entry 40, pl 4.40; Bittel, AA 1940-45, 44 Ax, shaft hole Boğazköy, Hattusha - MBA Carpentry/masonry Settlement 10.45 cm 4.6 cm Erkanal 1977, 15 entry 61, pl 5.61; Arik, Belleten 8, 1944, 342, pl 52.a,b Adze, shaft hole Karum level of the unterstadt Carpentry/masonry Settlement Boehmer 1979, 31 pl XIX, 73/436-J/19, #3404 Awl Karum level of the unterstadt Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1979, 24, pl XVI, #3189, 73/206-J/20 Chisel Unterstadt 4b Carpentry/masonry Settlement 7.9 ce = 0.3 Müller-Karpe 1994, 235 pl 70.33; Boehmer 1972, 76 pl XIII, 405/o-Ust. J/21, #210 Chisel or drill Karum level of the unterstadt Carpentry/masonry Settlement 6.5 ce = 0.3 Müller-Karpe 1994, 241, pl 72.30; Boehmer 1979, #2574, 73/260 - J/19 Drill? from the Karum level - Unterstadt Carpentry/masonry 4 Settlement 5.2 ce = 0.25 Müller-Karpe 1994, 248 pl 76.23; Boehmer 1979, 32, pl XIX, 75/328-J/20; catalog #3405 Knife Karum level of the unterstadt Utilitarian Settlement Boehmer 1979, #2636, 77/511-K/20, 11 pl LXI Knife Karum time, early MBA Utilitarian Settlement Müller-Karpe 1994, 82; Boehmer 1979, #2637 (is this the same or different from #2636?) Mold for lead figurines Boğazköy, Hattusha - LBA Karum period workshop buildign Metallurgical room 8 level 4 Workshop 7.8 5.4 Boehmer 1972, 216 pl 84, 2215; Müller-Karpe 1994, 222 pl 60.6; Bittel 1939, 25ff, fig 27; Adze - Egyptian Temple 26 Carpentry/masonry Cultic site or sanctuary and workshop Neve 1996, 29 fig 70. Neve 1987, 383 Adze bit, single/flat Temple 6 Carpentry/masonry Cultic site or sanctuary 3.1 ce = 0.7 Müller-Karpe 1994, 243 pl 73.25 Adze, socketed Carpentry/masonry Settlement Boehmer 1972, 134, pl XLII; #1223, 618/p-Ust. J/20 H/7a Awl Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1979, 26 pl XVII, 73/211-J/20, #3244 Awl Buyukkale 5 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 115, pl XXXII; #936, 663/t - Ust. L/18 d/9 Awl Buyukkale 4d Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 115, pl XXXII; #937, 819/t-Ust. L/18 b/6 Awl Buyukkale 4d Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 115, pl XXXII; #938, 337/h/1 - Ust. K/20 Awl Buyukkale 4d Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 115, pl XXXII; #939, Ust. J/20 Awl Buyukkale 4d Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 115, pl XXXII; #940, Ust. J/20 Awl Buyukkale 4d Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 115, pl XXXII; #941, 386/o Awl Buyukkale 4d Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 115, pl XXXII; #942, Ust. J/20 Awl Buyukkale 4d Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 115, pl XXXII; #943, 846/t-Ust. L/18 b/6 Awl Buyukkale 4c Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 115, pl XXXII; #944, 218/m - BK.y/11 Awl Buyukkale 4c Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 115, pl XXXII; #945, 695/t-Ust.L/18 b/6 Awl Buyukkale 4c Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 115, pl XXXII; #946, 76/x-BK.bb-cc/21-22 Awl Buyukkale 4b Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #947, Ust. J-K/20 Awl Buyukkale 4b Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #948, Ust. J-K/20 ANATOLIA TOOLS 632
Sites & Object types Specific object date Tool type category Context L W Bibliography Awl Buyukkale 4b Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #949, 403/o-Ust. J/21 Awl Buyukkale 4b Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #950, 440/o-Ust. J/20 Awl Buyukkale 4b Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #951, 44x-BK.z-aa/23-24 Awl Buyukkale 4b Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #952, 103/a-BK.w/8 Awl Buyukkale 4b Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #953, 53/x-BK.aa-bb/23 Awl Buyukkale 4b Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #953A, 69/1236-Ust. Awl Buyukkale 4b Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #954, 52/x-BK.aa-bb/23 Awl Buyukkale 4b or 4a Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #955, 770/w-BK Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #956, 2054/g-Ust. Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #957, 267/h-Ust. K/20 Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #958, 224/o-Ust. J/20 Awl Buyukkale 3 or 4b Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #958A, 69/1110 - Ust. Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #959, 463/o-BK.cc/10 Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #960, 68/447-Ust Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #961 68/430-Ust. Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #961A, 69/1238-Ust. Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #961B, 69/1068-Ust. Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #962, 68/349 -Ust Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #963, 68/188-Ust. Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #964, 270/h/1-Ust. K/20 Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #965, 148/1-Ust. I/20 K/2 Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #966, 68/433-Ust. Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #967, 68-427-Ust. Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #968, 68/502-Ust. Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #968A Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #968B, 69/1218-Ust. Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #969, 396/o-Ust. I/19 Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #970, 270/h/2 - Ust. K/20 Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXII; #971, 608/w-BK.x/18 Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXIII; #972, 245/a-BK.w/9 Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXIII; #973, 118/o, Ust. J/20 h/1a Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 116, pl XXXIII; #974, 581/w-BK. bb/16-17 Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #974A, 69/1064-Ust. Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #974B, 69/1158/Ust Awl Buyukkale 3 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #975, 252/z-Ust.; Awl Buyukkale 2a Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #976, 68/150-Ust. Awl Buyukkale 1 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #977, 330/n - BK. dd/19-20 Awl Buyukkale 1 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #978, 655/t-Ust. K/15 Awl Buyukkale 1 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #979, 347/i-BK.m-n/10 Awl Buyukkale 1 Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #981, 1383/z - Ust. Awl Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #982, 1377/v-BK. y/19 Awl Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #983, 255/k-Buyukkaya Awl Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #984, 349/s-Ust. K/15 Awl Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #985, 62/035 -Ust. Awl Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #986, 654/t-Ust. K/15 Awl Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #986A, 69/1175-Ust. Awl Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #987, Ust. Awl Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #988, 68/149; Awl Small crafts Settlement Boehmer 1972, 117, pl XXXIII; #989, 376/s-Ust. K/15 ANATOLIA TOOLS 633
Page 1:
Middle and Late Bronze Age Metal To
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investigation of the carpentry/maso
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Volume 1 CHAPTER 1: TABLE OF CONTEN
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Sites from the Greek islands 202 Si
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LIST OF TABLES Table 4.1: Shaft-hol
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Figure 3.12: Distribution of metall
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Figure 4.28: Map showing MBA carpen
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Plate 4.33: Double adze from Enkomi
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Plate 5.29: Orchomenos tool kit, Ch
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Several fellowships provided financ
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administrative staff at the college
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MBA 2000- 1600 LBA 1600- 1050 CHRON
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in the Aegean. 2 Small copper imple
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een easier with metal tools than st
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extremely scarce and the dearth of
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extraordinary number of metal tools
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this observation is astonishing sin
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Danube (IVe au IIe millénaire). Wh
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Mycenaean tool repertoire, yet some
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Chapter 2: Avenues for metallurgica
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cited as evidence for metallurgical
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ecycled items. Final products like
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ich published dataset, only a few s
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Quantities of raw metal were widely
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Turkey. Upon touring these sites, i
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The method for interpreting data fr
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second millennium BC. Such cases ar
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study area (from Cyprus), and its i
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are sufficiently differentiated fro
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his reconsideration of third millen
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to Catling, a violent purpose for t
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Different tool names may imply diss
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chisels. Categories 2 and 4 occur f
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detail for the carpentry/masonry to
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Isthmia region throughout the histo
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Gender responsibilities are investi
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Chapter 3: Metal tools in the secon
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double adze from the Enkomi Gunnis
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The link between a craftsperson and
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specialized and intended for specif
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III: The relationship of stone, bon
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durability. Stone cutting objects b
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information together. In the Aegean
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In addition to greater amounts of t
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y region may reflect social and cra
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database entries whose contextual c
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accurately account for the internal
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given to stockpiled tools. Thirty-f
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the larger and stronger metal types
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hoes/plowshares were preferred in b
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ather than a shipwreck. 165 Yet, li
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ideograms. 173 The Linear B ideogra
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The relative absence of Aegean digg
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goods were redistributed in two dis
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Bronze Age Mediterranean climate is
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frequency of these tools, however,
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mandated a striking implement. Wood
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patterns occur despite the fact tha
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is even more striking when compared
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quantities, actual smiths are menti
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The presence of metallurgical tools
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metal smiths moved throughout the l
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Site size and contextual analysis s
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is significant, as both regions wer
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the prominent LBA object type (53.6
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cannot always aid functional interp
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due in large part to 1) palatial li
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punches, borers, undefined implemen
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include bandages, pack-saddles, rei
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egion. The proportions of carpentry
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instruments during the course of th
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Cretan patterns (Fig. 3.31a): The r
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Despite the greater tool diversity,
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Syria-Palestine. The status of the
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distribution, as the category is qu
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differences in the consumption of t
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comparable to modern rulers and tap
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probably influenced from the east,
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Palestine and Anatolia. There are n
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4.2). 316 Similar blades are known
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part of a metal hoard that was stas
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Whether the double ax was an implem
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few select palaces (e.g. Mycenae, A
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specimens (Evely’s Type 4 lists s
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conveys how chisels, single axes, s
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functional differences. An implemen
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The tool type is common in Anatolia
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their size alone (Fig. 4.4), and th
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mortuary contexts, thus confirming
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were incorporated into double-ended
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Phornou Korifi, Myrtos, and Ayia Ph
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Size 1 (0.5 cm or less) Size 2 (0.6
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carving out deep mortises in wooden
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Mycenaean and Cypriot contexts, whi
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the socket may be that a wooden sha
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worn and battered from use; this da
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the early 12 th century: “It may
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Syria-Palestine 2 - 2 - Shipwrecks
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of shafted double hammers is also f
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in the Brunnen 212 hoard was conver
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mainland and may have aided drillin
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The tubular drill was first devised
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siderópetra (hard limestone known
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egularly considered to be absent fr
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together two sides of a handle, a f
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implement, it was employed from tim
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70 percent of the catalogue (79 out
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3. Saws with a straight blade top a
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ounded tip end with teeth (Plate 4.
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consumer. Cretan carpentry/masonry
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and Knossos, seemingly reflecting t
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Ayia Marina 1 1 chisel Gona (Macedo
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Ithaka-Polis 3 - 3 - 1 single/flat
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are reported from Ayia Irini, altho
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the island in the MBA. The distribu
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MBA site Total carpentry - masonry
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eported here. Despite this caveat,
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MBA site Total carpentry - masonry
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4.21). Minoan double axes and saws
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diameters are 5 cm and greater) mus
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(like Minoan types) as opposed to t
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Although traces of Anatolian or Ana
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common to Crete and Cyprus. The sin
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double ax forms, implies that the c
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carpentry/masonry tools contribute
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organized.” 530 My assertion rega
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type of diversity that may mark a t
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of fragmentation practices restrict
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final stage of the metal working: t
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shaped razor. 545 A similar collect
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workshops were easier to identify i
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definition of a hoard as “a group
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some hoards contained thousands of
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Discerning founders’ hoards from
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most assemblages were destined for
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often selected according to certain
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economic approach to hoarding must
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lacks contextual information or chr
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of objects from Mochlos also produc
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unrelated objects; and 3) the tradi
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as rare. Only two Cretan hoards con
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of comparison, there are 87 double
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data coded in this manner, it becam
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The similarity of the Tiryns hoard
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axes, and drills. Awls/engravers an
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functional interpretation of that a
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e-casting metal, which required hot
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524) has shaft-hole sidewalls of di
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were consciously formed and likely
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saws, ax-adzes, a broad chisel, dou
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oxhide ingot fragments and metallur
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metallurgical and agricultural tool
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Tsountas (Mycenae), Kalydon-Psoroli
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Carpentry or masonry utensils repre
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stone-working tools included sixtee
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tools. One has a wide, deformed ham
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tool kit). Diversity is a hallmark
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V. The metal objects from shipwreck
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Tool or object Uluburun (total 65+)
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occurrence is a definite sign of a
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implements in one context comes fro
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Foundry and Sinda hoards, but other
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tool distribution patterns in hoard
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only sporadically in burials and wo
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combination adze forms (double adze
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produced a monograph specifically o
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are currently in progress and will
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thriving metallurgical and craft in
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of Middle Cypriot tools, however, i
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number of utilitarian and small cra
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extremely limited in comparison to
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metallurgical operations are plenti
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absent. 758 The Linear B tablets at
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The Cypriot copper industry reached
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implements comprise 45% of the regi
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the preferences commonly found with
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possible that merchants, metal smit
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Syria-Palestine is not accidental,
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specifically adze variations (e.g.
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likelihood, these implements were u
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Two elongated chisels from Mycenae
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cutting edges wider than the object
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are collectively known from Crete a
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The distribution of shaft-hole axes
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this form are unknown in the Aegean
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artisans trained in a Minoan style?
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transfer of painted plaster moved f
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producing and consuming metal tools
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the Argolid acquired specialized Hi
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traveled from region to region prac
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A complete study of metal tools req
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Dissertation Bibliography Agouridis
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BC, edited by A. B. Knapp. Altamont
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Austin: Université de Liège; Univ
Page 390 and 391:
Calder, W. M., and D. A. Traill, ed
Page 392 and 393:
Cline, E., and A. Yasur-Landau. 200
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des maisons et quartiers d'habitati
Page 396 and 397:
Ellis, R. S. 1968. Foundation Depos
Page 398 and 399:
Gale, N. H., and Z. A. Stos-Gale. 1
Page 400 and 401:
Laffineur and P. P. Betancourt. Li
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Homerica, edited by H.-G. Buchholz
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Marinatos. Stockholm: Svenska Insti
Page 406 and 407:
———. 2004. Wheat, Barley, Flo
Page 408 and 409:
London, G. A. 2002. Women Potters a
Page 410 and 411:
33: 61-87. Moran, W. L., ed. 1992.
Page 412 and 413:
Nebelsick, L. 2000. Rent Asunder: R
Page 414 and 415:
Oldest Capital City of the Hittites
Page 416 and 417:
Poursat, J.-C. 1978. Travaux de L'
Page 418 and 419:
Ruscillo, D. 2006. Catalogue of Mis
Page 420 and 421:
———. 2006a. Catalogue of Misc
Page 422 and 423:
Stewart, J. 1961. The Early Bronze
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Metallurgy in the Bronze Age. Proce
Page 426 and 427:
Walberg, G. 1998. Excavations on th
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Seventh International Symposium at
Page 430 and 431:
Volume 2 APPENDIX 1: Figures (diagr
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Total quantity 2000 1500 1000 500 0
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Carpentry/ masonry 2253 (42.4%) Fig
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Figure 3.5b - Agricultural tools: q
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Figure 3.9d - Cyprus LBA quantities
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Medium, 67 Figure 3.11 - Distributi
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Billet = 1 Mold = 1 Wedge, socketed
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Percentage 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
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Quantity Quantity 1400 1200 1000 80
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2 nd mill. (n=17) Spatula/scraper =
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General 2 nd millennium (n=20) Knif
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Total quantity 400 300 200 100 0 17
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Figure 3.26b: Carpentry/Masonry too
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Single/flat ax (n=370) 185 (40.7%)
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General 2 nd millennium (n=21) Sing
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General 2 nd millennium (n=89) Shaf
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Figure 4.1: Shaft-hole axes: region
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Figure 4.2: Doubles axes: regional
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Cutting edge width (cm) 12 10 8 6 4
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Tool series N Mean of ratio Standar
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Figure 4.7: Single/flat axes: regio
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Cutting edge width (cm) 8 7 6 5 4 3
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Figure 4.10: Chisels: Scatter plots
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Cutting edge width (cm) 7 6 5 4 3 2
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Chisels by size Number Ratio Mean S
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Cutting edge width (cm) 3 2.5 2 1.5
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Figure 4.17: Ax-adzes: regions meas
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Figure 4.19: Hollow cylindrical met
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Figure 4.20 continued: Saw measurem
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G,1 (30) F3, (2) F2, (2) E2, (2) E1
Page 490 and 491:
F3, (7) F2, (9) F1, (11) G1, (37) E
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F2, (2) F3, (1) G1, (4) E1, (27) E2
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1-5 6-15 16-30 31-50 51-100 100 + S
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Figure 5.1: Tool frequencies and di
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Figure 5.2 continued - Hoards from
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Figure 5.3 continued - Hoards from
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Hoards: 1 - 13 are from Crete 1: Sa
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40 51 19 38 34 45 48 33 36 46 28 29
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Proximity Matrix for the tool types
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Narrow chisel Flat/single ax Shaft-
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Plate 4.3: Shaft-hole ax from Cypru
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Plate 4.9: Andronianoi (Euboea) dou
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Plate 4.15 Single/flat ax from Kata
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Plate 4.22: Chisel of size 3; Enkom
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Plate 4.33: Double adze: from the G
Page 525 and 526:
Plate 4.39: Trésor de Bronzes adze
Page 527 and 528:
Plate 4.47: Saw type 3: Boğazköy-
Page 529 and 530:
Plate 5.1: Katamachi hoard - Ioanni
Page 531 and 532:
Plate 5.7: MX 541 - Double or singl
Page 533 and 534:
Plate 5.13: Chisel fragment; MX 519
Page 535 and 536:
Tsountas hoard, double axes 9 doubl
Page 537 and 538:
Plate 5.23: Double ax fragment-Anth
Page 539 and 540:
Plate 5.27: Enkomi Gunnis Hoard - (
Page 541 and 542:
L: hammer-adze R: double adze fragm
Page 543 and 544:
Appendix 3: Second Millennium BC Me
Page 545 and 546:
Carpentry/masonry tools 1 total: 1
Page 547 and 548:
Tool count and frequency 4 (14.3%)
Page 549 and 550:
Other objects 2 awls, 1 large scrap
Page 551 and 552:
Tool count and frequency 4 (44.4%)
Page 553 and 554:
15 th -14 th century: LH II - IIIA1
Page 555 and 556:
Other objects 1 bronze weight with
Page 557 and 558:
Likelihood of hoard Definite 46. Gr
Page 559 and 560:
Nicosia, Cyprus Museum (inv. Enkomi
Page 561 and 562:
Bibliography Taylor 1957, 20, 86-90
Page 563 and 564:
(…/1520.12,13,14,15); 18 castings
Page 565 and 566:
cauldron fragments), 1 ingot fragme
Page 567 and 568:
Other objects 45 sickles, 3 swords,
Page 569 and 570:
Context and date of 46.3, 47.1-4 Pi
Page 571 and 572:
Sites & Object types Specific date
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Page 595 and 596:
Sites & Object types Specific objec
Page 597 and 598:
Page 599 and 600:
Page 601 and 602:
Page 603 and 604:
Sites & Object types Lefkas: genera
Page 605 and 606: Sites & Object types Specific objec
Page 621 and 622: Sites & Object types Specific perio
Page 655: Sites & Object types Specific objec
Page 691: Sites & Object types Specific perio
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Middle and Late Bronze Age Metal Tools from the Aegean, Eastern ...

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