Middle and Late Bronze Age Metal Tools from the Aegean, Eastern ...

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Sites & Object types Specific object date Tool type category Context L W Bibliography Scraper EC IIIB-MC I Utilitarian Burial, 314 8.5 cm Balthazar 1990, 355; Gjerstand et al. 1934, 102, pl. XXVII.3 Scraper EC IIIA-MC I Utilitarian Burial, 302 12.2 cm Balthazar 1990, 354; Gjerstand et al. 1934.44, p. XVI.2 Scraper MC I mid Utilitarian Burial, 313 14.7 cm Balthazar 1990, 354; Gjerstand et al. 1934, 90, pl. XXIV.1 Scraper MC I Utilitarian Burial, 313 13.8 cm Balthazar 1990, 354; Gjerstand et al. 1934, 90, pl. XXIV.1 Scraper MC I Utilitarian Burial, 313 13.5 cm Balthazar 1990, 354; Gjerstand et al. 1934, 90, pl. XXIV.1 Scraper MC I Utilitarian Burial, 313 15.4 cm Balthazar 1990, 354; Gjerstand et al. 1934, 92, pl. XXIV.1 Scraper MC I Utilitarian Burial, 313 15 cm Balthazar 1990, 354; Gjerstand et al. 1934, 92, pl. XXIV.1 Scraper MC I-II Utilitarian Burial, 313 13.8 cm Balthazar 1990, 354; Gjerstand et al. 1934, 95, pl. XXIV.2 Scraper MC I-II Utilitarian Burial, 313 13.5 cm Balthazar 1990, 354; Gjerstand et al. 1934, 95, pl. XXIV.2 Scraper MC I-II Utilitarian Burial, 313 13.8 cm Balthazar 1990, 354; Gjerstand et al. 1934, 96, pl. XXIV.2 Scraper MC I-III Utilitarian Burial, 313 9.8 cm Balthazar 1990, 354; Gjerstand et al. 1934, 96, pl. XXIV.2 Scraper MC I Utilitarian Burial, 313 11.9 cm Balthazar 1990, 354; Gjerstand et al. 1934, 96, pl. XXIV.3 Scraper MC II-III Utilitarian Burial, 316 13.6 cm Balthazar 1990, 354; Gjerstand et al. 1934, 121, pl. XXXII.1 Scraper Utilitarian Burial, 320 Gjerstand et al. 1934 Scraper MC I Utilitarian Burial, 322 14.5 cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 148, pl. XXXV.2 Scraper MC I Utilitarian Burial, 322 11.7 cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 148, pl. XXXV.2; Balthazar 1990, 354 Scraper MC I Utilitarian Burial, 322 14 cm Balthazar 1990, 354; Gjerstand et al. 1934, 147, p. XXXV.2 Scraper MC IIe Utilitarian Burial, 323 Balthazar 1990, 354; Gjerstand et al. 1934, 159, p. XXXIX.3 Scraper MC I Utilitarian Burial, 803 12.5 cm Herscher 1978, 68 Scraper MC I-III Utilitarian Burial, 804 11.3 cm Herscher 1978, 101; Balthazar 1990, 354 Scraper MC I-III Utilitarian Burial, 804 12 cm Herscher 1978, 113; Balthazar 1990, 354 Scraper EC IIIB - MC II Utilitarian Burial, 805 10.8 cm Herscher 1978, 159; Balthazar 1990, 354 Scraper ECIIIB-MCII Utilitarian Burial, 806 10.9 cm Grace 1940, fig. 31; Balthazar 1990, 354 Scraper ECIIIB-MCI Utilitarian Burial, 806 6.5 cm Herscher 1978.196; Balthazar 1990, 354 Scraper MC II-III Utilitarian Burial, 702 11.6 cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 171; Balthazar 1990, 355 Scraper MC II-III Utilitarian Burial, 320 13.3 cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 134, pl. XXXIV.2; Astrom 172, 143, fig. 11.5; Balthazar 1990, 355 Scraper MC I Utilitarian Burial, 313 13.3 cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 90, pl. CXLIII.13; Balthazar 1990, 355 Scraper EC IIIB-MC I Utilitarian Burial, 827 9.1 cm Herscher 1978.541; Balthazar 1990, 354 Scraper EC IIIB-MC I Utilitarian Burial, 828 10.5 cm Herscher 1978.560; Balthazar 1990, 354 Scraper MC I-III Utilitarian Burial, 804 11.5 cm Herscher 1978, 578; Balthazar 1990, 355 Scraper EC IIIB-MC I Utilitarian Burial, 816 8+ cm Herscher 1978.387; Balthazar 1990, 354 Scraper MC II-III Utilitarian Burial, 702 8.4 cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 171; Balthazar 1990, 356 Scraper MC II-III Utilitarian Burial, 320 11+cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 137, pl. XXXIV.2; Astrom 1972, 140, fig. 10.14 Scraper MC I Utilitarian Burial, 322 8.3 cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 148, pl. XXXV.3; Balthazar 1990, 356 Scraper ECIIIB-MCI Utilitarian Burial, 802 7.8+cm Herscher 1978, 36; Balthazar 1990, 356 Scraper ECIIIB-MCII Utilitarian Burial, 805 10.5 cm Herscher 1978.168; Balthazar 1990, 356 Scraper MC I-II Utilitarian Burial, 313 11.5 cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 96, pl. XXIV.2; Astrom 1972, 143, fig. 11.7 Scraper MC I Utilitarian Burial, 803 12.6 cm Herscher 1978, 65; Balthazar 1990, 356 Scraper MC II-III Utilitarian Burial, 702 10.7 cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 167; Balthazar 1990, 356 Scraper MCII-III Utilitarian Burial, 316 19.7 cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 120, pl. CXLIII.10; Astrom 1972, 143, fig. 11.6 Scraper MC I Utilitarian Burial, 313 15+cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 91, pl. XXIV; Balthazar 1990, 357 Scraper ECIIIB-MCI Utilitarian Burial, 809 6.2+cm Herscher 1978.246; Balthazar 1990, 357 Scraper MC I Utilitarian Burial, 322 12.8+cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 96, pl. XXXV.2; Balthazar 1990, 357 Scraper or razor MC II Utilitarian Burial, 30 13.1 cm Balthazar 1990, 354; Myres 1913, fig.30.9; Catling 1964, figure 5.3 Scraper or razor MC I Utilitarian Burial, 313 10.6 cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 97, pl. XXIV.3; Balthazar 1990, 354 Scraper or razor EC III - MCI Utilitarian Burial, 322 9.5 cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 149, pl. XXXVI.3 Scraper or razor MC II-III Utilitarian Burial, 18 16.1 cm Balthazar 1990, 355; Myres 1940-5; pl. 26.1; Catling 1964, 67 Scraper or razor ECIIIB-MCI Utilitarian Burial, 318 9.4 cm Gjerstand et al. 1934, 127, pl. XXXII.5; Balthazar 1990, 356 Spatula MC I or MC II-III Utilitarian Burial, 315 Deshayes 3012 bis; Catling 1964, 75 entry E.2 CYPRUS TOOLS 620
Sites & Object types Specific object date Tool type category Context L W Bibliography Lapithos - LBA Ax, single/flat LC II - LC IIIB Carpentry/masonry Burial, 2.123 12.5 cm ce = 3.45 cm Catling 1964, 88.1, figure 8.9, plate 6k Chisel LC II - LC IIIB Carpentry/masonry Burial, 2.150 6.2 tip = 0.5 Catling 1964, 95 entry 1 Lapithos - 2nd millennium Knife Utilitarian Burial, 2 7.5 cm Balthazar 1990, 341, table 94; Tongs Metallurgical Burial?, 204.38 53.5 1.2 to 1.55 Catling 1964, 99, entry A2, figure 11.5, plate 10b Larnaca region, Cyprus - MBA? Ax, shaft hole Carpentry/masonry Unstratified or unknown 15 cm about 2.8 Buchholz 1979, 81, figure 10; Balthazar 1990. 371; Karageorghis BCH 93, 1969, 494, #2, plate 127.a,b Leondari - 2nd millennium Knife with sinuous butt Utilitarian Unstratified or unknown 19.0 cm Balthazar 1990, 338, table 90; James 1888, 158 Limassol - MBA Knife MC Utilitarian Burial 11cm Swiny 1986, 71. Knife EC III - MC III Utilitarian Burial 10.8 cm 2.5 cm Swiny 1986, 71-2, figure 65 Knife MC I-MC III Utilitarian Burial 10.8 cm 2.1 cm Swiny 1986, 72 figure 65 Knife MC I-MC III Utilitarian Burial 11.5 cm 2.2 cm Swiny 1986, 72 figure 67 Knife MC II-III Utilitarian Burial 11.5 cm 2 cm Swiny 1986, 72 figure 65 Razor or spatula EC IIIA-MC III Utilitarian Unstratified or unknown 10.6 cm 2.3 cm Swiny 1986, 77 Limassol Katholiki - MBA Scraper or razor EC IIIA - MC III date Utilitarian Unstratified or unknown 10.6 cm 2.3 cm Swiny 1986, 77; Balthazar 1990, 354 Linou Ayii Saranta - MBA Awl MC Small crafts Burial, tomb 5 7.5 cm Swiny in press (as of 1990): "Analyses of Metal Objects from Linou Ayii Saranta Tomb 5. OpAth, forthcoming; Balthazar 1 Knife with ogival butt MC Utilitarian Burial, tomb 5 16.0 cm Balthazar 1990, 339, table 91; Swiny in press (as of 1990) Knife MC Utilitarian Unstratified or unknown 13.5 cm Balthazar 1990, 341, table 94; Swiny in press (in 1990) Maa-Palaekastro - LBA Awl, fragmentary LC IIC -LC IIIA Small crafts Settlement Karageorghis and Demas 1988, 243, plate CXX.8, CCXXI.8 Awl, fragmentary LC IIC -LC IIIA Small crafts Settlement Karageorghis and Demas 1988, 243, plate CXX.325, CCXXI.325 Awl or point LC IIC -LC IIIA Small crafts Settlement Karageorghis and Demas 1988, 60, 232, plate LXXXIII.320 Awl or pointed implement?LC IIC -LC IIIA Small crafts Settlement Karageorghis and Demas 1988, 237, plate C.224, CCVIII.224 Chisel LC IIC -LC IIIA Carpentry/masonry Settlement Karageorghis and Demas 1988, 60, 229, plate LXXXIII.523 Chisel LC IIC -LC IIIA Carpentry/masonry Settlement Karageorghis and Demas 1988, 60, 232, plate LXXXIII.507 Chisel, small LC IIC -LC IIIA Carpentry/masonry Settlement Karageorghis and Demas 1988, 236, plate C.82, CCVIII.82 Drill LC IIC -LC IIIA Carpentry/masonry Settlement Karageorghis and Demas 1988, 241, 491, plate CV, CCXIII Drill LC IIC -LC IIIA Carpentry/masonry Settlement Karageorghis and Demas 1988, 241, 488, plate LXXXIII.308, CXCVIII.308 Knife LC IIC -LC IIIA Utilitarian Settlement Karageorghis and Demas 1988, 247, plate CXXXV.643, CCXXXII.643 Knife LC IIC -LC IIIA Utilitarian Settlement Karageorghis and Demas 1988, 251, plate CLIV.711, CCXXXVII.711 Knife LC IIC -LC IIIA Utilitarian Settlement Karageorghis and Demas 1988, 253, CLVIII.365, CCXLVIII.365 Knife fragment LC IIC -LC IIIA Utilitarian Settlement Karageorghis and Demas 1988, 234, plate XCIII, CCV Magounda - 2nd millennium Knife with sinuous butt Utilitarian Unstratified or unknown 16.9 cm Balthazar 1990, 338, table 90; Frankel 1983, 115, pl. 1239 Makarska - MBA Ax, single/flat possibly MC II-III Carpentry/masonry Hoard? 9.7 4.8 Vagnetti 1971; Astrom 1977-78, 40; de Jesus 1976 SMEA 17, 221-233 Ax, single/flat possibly MC II-III Carpentry/masonry Hoard? 14.6 4.6 Vagnetti 1971; Astrom 1977-78, 40; de Jesus 1976 SMEA 17, 221-233 Ax, shaft hole possibly MC II-III Carpentry/masonry Hoard? 18.5 cm 3.5 Vagnetti 1971; Astrom 1977-78, 40; de Jesus 1976 SMEA 17, 221-233; Buchholz 1979, 81. Ax, shaft hole possibly MC II-III Carpentry/masonry Hoard? 19 cm 3.2 Vagnetti 1971; Astrom 1977-78, 40; de Jesus 1976 SMEA 17, 221-233 Double hammer possibly MC II-III Metallurgical Hoard? Vagnetti 1971; Astrom 1977-78, 40; de Jesus 1976 SMEA 17, 221-233 Chisel, socketed possibly MC II-III Carpentry/masonry Hoard? 14.8 tip = 0.9 Vagnetti 1971; Astrom 1977-78, 40; de Jesus 1976 SMEA 17, 221-233 Chisel, socketed possibly MC II-III Carpentry/masonry Hoard? 11.6 tip = 0.9 Vagnetti 1971; Astrom 1977-78, 40; de Jesus 1976 SMEA 17, 221-233 Makri-Alonia - MBA Awl EC III - MC II-III Small crafts Settlement 5.3 cm Frankel and Webb 2006, 188-90, figure 5.27 CYPRUS TOOLS 621
Page 1:
Middle and Late Bronze Age Metal To
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investigation of the carpentry/maso
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Volume 1 CHAPTER 1: TABLE OF CONTEN
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Sites from the Greek islands 202 Si
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LIST OF TABLES Table 4.1: Shaft-hol
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Figure 3.12: Distribution of metall
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Figure 4.28: Map showing MBA carpen
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Plate 4.33: Double adze from Enkomi
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Plate 5.29: Orchomenos tool kit, Ch
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Several fellowships provided financ
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administrative staff at the college
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MBA 2000- 1600 LBA 1600- 1050 CHRON
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in the Aegean. 2 Small copper imple
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een easier with metal tools than st
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extremely scarce and the dearth of
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extraordinary number of metal tools
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this observation is astonishing sin
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Danube (IVe au IIe millénaire). Wh
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Mycenaean tool repertoire, yet some
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Chapter 2: Avenues for metallurgica
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cited as evidence for metallurgical
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ecycled items. Final products like
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ich published dataset, only a few s
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Quantities of raw metal were widely
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Turkey. Upon touring these sites, i
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The method for interpreting data fr
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second millennium BC. Such cases ar
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study area (from Cyprus), and its i
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are sufficiently differentiated fro
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his reconsideration of third millen
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to Catling, a violent purpose for t
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Different tool names may imply diss
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chisels. Categories 2 and 4 occur f
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detail for the carpentry/masonry to
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Isthmia region throughout the histo
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Gender responsibilities are investi
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Chapter 3: Metal tools in the secon
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double adze from the Enkomi Gunnis
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The link between a craftsperson and
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specialized and intended for specif
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III: The relationship of stone, bon
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durability. Stone cutting objects b
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information together. In the Aegean
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In addition to greater amounts of t
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y region may reflect social and cra
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database entries whose contextual c
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accurately account for the internal
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given to stockpiled tools. Thirty-f
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the larger and stronger metal types
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hoes/plowshares were preferred in b
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ather than a shipwreck. 165 Yet, li
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ideograms. 173 The Linear B ideogra
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The relative absence of Aegean digg
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goods were redistributed in two dis
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Bronze Age Mediterranean climate is
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frequency of these tools, however,
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mandated a striking implement. Wood
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patterns occur despite the fact tha
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is even more striking when compared
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quantities, actual smiths are menti
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The presence of metallurgical tools
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metal smiths moved throughout the l
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Site size and contextual analysis s
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is significant, as both regions wer
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the prominent LBA object type (53.6
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cannot always aid functional interp
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due in large part to 1) palatial li
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punches, borers, undefined implemen
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include bandages, pack-saddles, rei
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egion. The proportions of carpentry
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instruments during the course of th
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Cretan patterns (Fig. 3.31a): The r
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Despite the greater tool diversity,
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Syria-Palestine. The status of the
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distribution, as the category is qu
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differences in the consumption of t
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comparable to modern rulers and tap
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probably influenced from the east,
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Palestine and Anatolia. There are n
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4.2). 316 Similar blades are known
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part of a metal hoard that was stas
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Whether the double ax was an implem
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few select palaces (e.g. Mycenae, A
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specimens (Evely’s Type 4 lists s
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conveys how chisels, single axes, s
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functional differences. An implemen
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The tool type is common in Anatolia
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their size alone (Fig. 4.4), and th
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mortuary contexts, thus confirming
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were incorporated into double-ended
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Phornou Korifi, Myrtos, and Ayia Ph
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Size 1 (0.5 cm or less) Size 2 (0.6
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carving out deep mortises in wooden
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Mycenaean and Cypriot contexts, whi
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the socket may be that a wooden sha
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worn and battered from use; this da
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the early 12 th century: “It may
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Syria-Palestine 2 - 2 - Shipwrecks
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of shafted double hammers is also f
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in the Brunnen 212 hoard was conver
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mainland and may have aided drillin
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The tubular drill was first devised
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siderópetra (hard limestone known
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egularly considered to be absent fr
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together two sides of a handle, a f
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implement, it was employed from tim
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70 percent of the catalogue (79 out
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3. Saws with a straight blade top a
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ounded tip end with teeth (Plate 4.
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consumer. Cretan carpentry/masonry
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and Knossos, seemingly reflecting t
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Ayia Marina 1 1 chisel Gona (Macedo
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Ithaka-Polis 3 - 3 - 1 single/flat
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are reported from Ayia Irini, altho
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the island in the MBA. The distribu
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MBA site Total carpentry - masonry
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eported here. Despite this caveat,
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MBA site Total carpentry - masonry
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4.21). Minoan double axes and saws
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diameters are 5 cm and greater) mus
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(like Minoan types) as opposed to t
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Although traces of Anatolian or Ana
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common to Crete and Cyprus. The sin
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double ax forms, implies that the c
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carpentry/masonry tools contribute
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organized.” 530 My assertion rega
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type of diversity that may mark a t
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of fragmentation practices restrict
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final stage of the metal working: t
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shaped razor. 545 A similar collect
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workshops were easier to identify i
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definition of a hoard as “a group
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some hoards contained thousands of
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Discerning founders’ hoards from
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most assemblages were destined for
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often selected according to certain
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economic approach to hoarding must
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lacks contextual information or chr
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of objects from Mochlos also produc
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unrelated objects; and 3) the tradi
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as rare. Only two Cretan hoards con
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of comparison, there are 87 double
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data coded in this manner, it becam
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The similarity of the Tiryns hoard
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axes, and drills. Awls/engravers an
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functional interpretation of that a
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e-casting metal, which required hot
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524) has shaft-hole sidewalls of di
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were consciously formed and likely
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saws, ax-adzes, a broad chisel, dou
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oxhide ingot fragments and metallur
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metallurgical and agricultural tool
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Tsountas (Mycenae), Kalydon-Psoroli
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Carpentry or masonry utensils repre
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stone-working tools included sixtee
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tools. One has a wide, deformed ham
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tool kit). Diversity is a hallmark
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V. The metal objects from shipwreck
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Tool or object Uluburun (total 65+)
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occurrence is a definite sign of a
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implements in one context comes fro
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Foundry and Sinda hoards, but other
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tool distribution patterns in hoard
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only sporadically in burials and wo
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combination adze forms (double adze
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produced a monograph specifically o
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are currently in progress and will
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thriving metallurgical and craft in
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of Middle Cypriot tools, however, i
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number of utilitarian and small cra
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extremely limited in comparison to
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metallurgical operations are plenti
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absent. 758 The Linear B tablets at
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The Cypriot copper industry reached
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implements comprise 45% of the regi
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the preferences commonly found with
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possible that merchants, metal smit
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Syria-Palestine is not accidental,
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specifically adze variations (e.g.
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likelihood, these implements were u
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Two elongated chisels from Mycenae
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cutting edges wider than the object
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are collectively known from Crete a
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The distribution of shaft-hole axes
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this form are unknown in the Aegean
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artisans trained in a Minoan style?
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transfer of painted plaster moved f
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producing and consuming metal tools
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the Argolid acquired specialized Hi
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traveled from region to region prac
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A complete study of metal tools req
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Dissertation Bibliography Agouridis
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BC, edited by A. B. Knapp. Altamont
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Austin: Université de Liège; Univ
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Calder, W. M., and D. A. Traill, ed
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Cline, E., and A. Yasur-Landau. 200
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des maisons et quartiers d'habitati
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Ellis, R. S. 1968. Foundation Depos
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Gale, N. H., and Z. A. Stos-Gale. 1
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Laffineur and P. P. Betancourt. Li
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Homerica, edited by H.-G. Buchholz
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Marinatos. Stockholm: Svenska Insti
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———. 2004. Wheat, Barley, Flo
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London, G. A. 2002. Women Potters a
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33: 61-87. Moran, W. L., ed. 1992.
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Nebelsick, L. 2000. Rent Asunder: R
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Oldest Capital City of the Hittites
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Poursat, J.-C. 1978. Travaux de L'
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Ruscillo, D. 2006. Catalogue of Mis
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———. 2006a. Catalogue of Misc
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Stewart, J. 1961. The Early Bronze
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Metallurgy in the Bronze Age. Proce
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Walberg, G. 1998. Excavations on th
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Seventh International Symposium at
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Volume 2 APPENDIX 1: Figures (diagr
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Total quantity 2000 1500 1000 500 0
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Carpentry/ masonry 2253 (42.4%) Fig
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Figure 3.5b - Agricultural tools: q
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Figure 3.9d - Cyprus LBA quantities
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Medium, 67 Figure 3.11 - Distributi
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Billet = 1 Mold = 1 Wedge, socketed
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Percentage 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
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Quantity Quantity 1400 1200 1000 80
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2 nd mill. (n=17) Spatula/scraper =
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General 2 nd millennium (n=20) Knif
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Total quantity 400 300 200 100 0 17
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Figure 3.26b: Carpentry/Masonry too
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Single/flat ax (n=370) 185 (40.7%)
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General 2 nd millennium (n=21) Sing
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General 2 nd millennium (n=89) Shaf
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Figure 4.1: Shaft-hole axes: region
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Figure 4.2: Doubles axes: regional
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Cutting edge width (cm) 12 10 8 6 4
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Tool series N Mean of ratio Standar
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Figure 4.7: Single/flat axes: regio
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Cutting edge width (cm) 8 7 6 5 4 3
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Figure 4.10: Chisels: Scatter plots
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Cutting edge width (cm) 7 6 5 4 3 2
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Chisels by size Number Ratio Mean S
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Cutting edge width (cm) 3 2.5 2 1.5
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Figure 4.17: Ax-adzes: regions meas
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Figure 4.19: Hollow cylindrical met
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Figure 4.20 continued: Saw measurem
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G,1 (30) F3, (2) F2, (2) E2, (2) E1
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F3, (7) F2, (9) F1, (11) G1, (37) E
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F2, (2) F3, (1) G1, (4) E1, (27) E2
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1-5 6-15 16-30 31-50 51-100 100 + S
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Figure 5.1: Tool frequencies and di
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Figure 5.2 continued - Hoards from
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Figure 5.3 continued - Hoards from
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Hoards: 1 - 13 are from Crete 1: Sa
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40 51 19 38 34 45 48 33 36 46 28 29
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Proximity Matrix for the tool types
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Narrow chisel Flat/single ax Shaft-
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Plate 4.3: Shaft-hole ax from Cypru
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Plate 4.9: Andronianoi (Euboea) dou
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Plate 4.15 Single/flat ax from Kata
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Plate 4.22: Chisel of size 3; Enkom
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Plate 4.33: Double adze: from the G
Page 525 and 526:
Plate 4.39: Trésor de Bronzes adze
Page 527 and 528:
Plate 4.47: Saw type 3: Boğazköy-
Page 529 and 530:
Plate 5.1: Katamachi hoard - Ioanni
Page 531 and 532:
Plate 5.7: MX 541 - Double or singl
Page 533 and 534:
Plate 5.13: Chisel fragment; MX 519
Page 535 and 536:
Tsountas hoard, double axes 9 doubl
Page 537 and 538:
Plate 5.23: Double ax fragment-Anth
Page 539 and 540:
Plate 5.27: Enkomi Gunnis Hoard - (
Page 541 and 542:
L: hammer-adze R: double adze fragm
Page 543 and 544:
Appendix 3: Second Millennium BC Me
Page 545 and 546:
Carpentry/masonry tools 1 total: 1
Page 547 and 548:
Tool count and frequency 4 (14.3%)
Page 549 and 550:
Other objects 2 awls, 1 large scrap
Page 551 and 552:
Tool count and frequency 4 (44.4%)
Page 553 and 554:
15 th -14 th century: LH II - IIIA1
Page 555 and 556:
Other objects 1 bronze weight with
Page 557 and 558:
Likelihood of hoard Definite 46. Gr
Page 559 and 560:
Nicosia, Cyprus Museum (inv. Enkomi
Page 561 and 562:
Bibliography Taylor 1957, 20, 86-90
Page 563 and 564:
(…/1520.12,13,14,15); 18 castings
Page 565 and 566:
cauldron fragments), 1 ingot fragme
Page 567 and 568:
Other objects 45 sickles, 3 swords,
Page 569 and 570:
Context and date of 46.3, 47.1-4 Pi
Page 571 and 572:
Sites & Object types Specific date
Page 573 and 574:
Page 575 and 576:
Page 577 and 578:
Page 579 and 580:
Page 581 and 582:
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Page 587 and 588:
Page 589 and 590:
Page 591 and 592:
Page 593 and 594: Sites & Object types Specific date
Page 595 and 596: Sites & Object types Specific objec
Page 603 and 604: Sites & Object types Lefkas: genera
Page 621 and 622: Sites & Object types Specific perio
Page 643: Sites & Object types Specific objec
Page 691: Sites & Object types Specific perio
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Middle and Late Bronze Age Metal Tools from the Aegean, Eastern ...

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