Middle and Late Bronze Age Metal Tools from the Aegean, Eastern ...

are currently in progress and will also enhance the otherwise limited scholarship on this
subject. Elena Maragoudaki of the National Center of Scientific Research “Dimokritos”
in Athens is working on Mycenaean implements utilized in shipbuilding—thus those
tools restricted to my category of carpentry/masonry types. Christos Kleitsas of the
University of Ioannina (and archaeologist for the 12th Ephorate of Prehistoric and
Classical Antiquities in Ioannina) is evaluating the metal industry and bronzes (including
the tools) from the LBA in Epirus.
For the Anatolian implements, Erkanal’s study on axes from the second
millennium also includes a brief consideration of various weapon types. 725 Müller-
Karpe’s monograph on the metalwork of Anatolia pulls together an immense collection
of information, especially for tools. 726 Despite the great value of Müller-Karpe’s work,
the Anatolian tool series is not compared to the implements from the Aegean or Cyprus.
For Syria-Palestine, the assemblage of tools has not been compiled and evaluated in a
comprehensive study outside of Deshayes’ work. Philip brought together a thorough
assemblage of EBA and MBA weapons from the region, and some of these objects,
specifically the axes, may be considered tools in addition to weapons. 727 Finally, the
abundant number of tools on LBA shipwrecks, as published in the final (Gelidonya) and
preliminary (Uluburun) reports, is an important component to the collection of tool
studies summarized here. 728
My examination of the MBA and LBA tools in Crete, the Greek mainland, the
Greek islands, Cyprus, Anatolia, Syria-Palestine, and the shipwrecks best follows
725 Erkanal 1977.
726 Müller-Karpe 1994.
727 Philip 1989.
728 Bass 1967; Bass 1986; Bass et al. 1989; Pulak 1988a; Yalçin, Pulak and Slotta 2005.
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