Middle and Late Bronze Age Metal Tools from the Aegean, Eastern ...

Despite the greater tool diversity, four of the five MC tools (flat axes, chisels, drills, and
saws) continue to be used in the later period; only shaft-hole axes are absent. Five new
tools—single adzes, double axes, double adzes, ax-adzes and hammer-adzes—are
introduced in the LC era. Collectively, these new forms represent less than 20% of the
LC carpentry/masonry repertoire, meaning that the overwhelming majority of LC
construction implements are types that previously existed on the island during the MBA.
Although the greatest collection of MBA metal tools is from Cyprus, there are no
combination tools in the MC repertoire. Socketed chisels are attested in MC and LC
contexts; these objects are also popular in Anatolia and Syria-Palestine, confirming their
overall prominence in the eastern Mediterranean. On the other hand, socketed chisels
were extremely rare in the Aegean MBA and LBA.
Anatolian patterns (Fig. 3.31e): Carpentry and masonry utensils are frequent in
Anatolian assemblages throughout the second millennium. These tools are regularly
discovered in large settlements, and this depositional pattern remained consistent over
time. The quantity of carpentry/masonry tools increased throughout the millennium, as
did the consumption percentage (43.4% in the MBA to 45.2% in the LBA; Fig. 3.26a, b).
As with Cyprus, the majority of LBA tool types are known in the previous period.
Socketed chisels, other chisel forms, double axes, single/flat axes, saws, shaft-hole axes,
and lugged axes are evident in both periods. Anatolian adzes and drills are also attested in
both periods, albeit in minor quantities. A small percentage of the LBA assemblage
accounts for new forms, including two combination tools, the ax-adze and ax-hammer.
Only a few examples of these particular tools were uncovered in Anatolia. Anatolian
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