BRIBERY IN CLASSICAL ATHENS Kellam ... - Historia Antigua

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Conover Bribery in Classical Athens Chapter Six jury to accept or reject the Areopagus’ verdict, but prosecutors were sure to point out how just and true the Areopagus’ report must be. So, in the Harpalus Affair, prosecutors continually referred back to the Areopagus’ verdict as their (sole) evidence that Demosthenes and others were guilty; for them, the verdict of the Areopagus was unimpeachable, and the dōrodokoi represented a threat to that very authority. 82 So the fourth-century legal focus on dōrodokia of large groups of citizens and of large political bodies went hand-in-hand with the nascent political narrative depicting the dōrodokos as a traitor. At the same time, the impetus for asserting the authority of discrete political domains to legitimate communal norms was an old one: as we have seen, that aspect of dōrodokia legislation was constant from the Solonian graphē dōrōn onwards. Within the law, at least, we might say that the dōrodokos represented a consistent threat to the way the community established value. This included a threat not only to what was and was not in the community’s interests, but even to who in the community was authorized to make that evaluation in the first place. The threat of the dōrodokos at this time was considerable. He was thought capable of corrupting an entire political body, in effect forcing the Athenians to reassert the authority of one political body or to switch domains to another one altogether. Just as he was traitorously positioned to overturn the democracy, the dōrodokos overturned the very sources of political authority in the city, as well. Switching domains as the Athenians often did in the fourth century in response to suspected corruption thus reflected a particular conception of the dōrodokos qua a traitor to the community. Crucially, then, underpinning institutional reform throughout the fourth century was the 82 Carawan (1985: 136-7). Note how frequently the prosecutors weigh the upstanding nature and justice of the Areopagus’ report against the corruption and injustice of the defendants: Din. 1.45, 1.87, 2.1, 2.2, 2.6- 7, 3.7; Hyp. 5 fr.3.5-7. 293
Conover Bribery in Classical Athens Chapter Six figure of the dōrodokos. At the same time as they articulated new conceptions of the democracy through legal and institutional reforms, the Athenians created new legal spaces for the dōrodokos. In this sense, we might say that dōrodokia was itself legislated against in the shadows of democracy. In tracing a gradual shift in focus from individual to institutional corruption, we have uncovered profound questions about how these laws functioned within the broader context of Athenian society and polity. In essence, if in this chapter we have identified the democracy’s concern to match specific domains with the authorization of specific political norms, then we have opened up the broader question of how the law and legal process were used to frame, contest, and legitimate public discourse. It is to this highly political role of the courts to which the next chapter turns. With this final piece in place, we will at last be in a position to evaluate the role of dōrodokia in the classical Athenian democracy. 294
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BRIBERY IN CLASSICAL ATHENS Kellam
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legislating dōrodokia. Rather than
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encouragement that made me crazily
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and long-lasting patience were crit
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CHAPTER SEVEN: Athenian dōrodokia
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BRIBERY IN CLASSICAL ATHENS Kellam ... - Historia Antigua

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