BRITISH LICHENS

28 OYCLOCARPINE2E LECIDEA
in the colour (persistent) of the apothecia and of the epithecium, and
in the shorter spores. In one of the two specimens seen the thallus is
determinate and small, with the apothecia sparingly present; and in
the other it is diffuse and scarcely visible, with the apothecia more
frequent.
Hub. On deoomposed quartzose rocks in a mountainous distriot.-
B. M. Delphi, Connemara, Galway (recorded also from Howth, near
Dublin).
29. L. granulosa' Ach. Meth. 65 (1803).-Thallus efiuse,
thinnish, granulose or leprose, whitish or glaucous-grey (K +
yellowish, CaCI + reddish). Apothecia moderate in size,
appressed, plane or convex, variable in colour, brick-red, paleor
livid-brown, or blackish, the margin thin, entire or flexuose,
pale, at length obliterated; hypothecium colourless or palegreenish-yellow;
paraphyses coherent, thickish and brownish at
the apices; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 9-16 p. long, 4-7 p. thick;
hymenial gelatine slightly bluish then reddish or sordid-violet
with iodine.-L. decolorans Floerke in Berl. Mag. iii. 193 (1809);
S. F. Gray Nat. Arr. i. 470 (1821); Mudd Man. 197 ; Cromb. Lien.
Brit. 66; Leight. Lich. Fl. 261; ed. 3, 258; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii.
29 (incl. var. granulosa); L. quadricolor Hook. in Sm. Engl. Fl.
v.182 (1833); Tayl. in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii.128. Lichengranulosus
Ehrh. Crypt. Exs. n. 145 (1785). L. quadricolor Dicks. Crypt.
fasc. iii. 15, t. ix. f. 3 (1793); Engl. Bot. t. 1185; With. Arr. ed. 3,
iv. 24 (1796). Verrucaria granulosa Hofim. PI. Lich. ii. 21, t.
30, f. 3 (1794) & Deutschl. Fl. ii. 177 (1795).
Exsicc. Leight. nos. 59, 352; Mudd n. 165; Larb. Lich.
Rb. n. 140.
Well oharacterized by the variously coloured apothecia, the different
tints being apparently due to age; these, however, are not always
present in the same specimen, some plants being merely unicolorous.
On bare moorlands it often spreads extensively, and when sterile and
associated with species of Cladonia might be taken for their basal
crust. When lignicolous the thallus is thinner and usually more
pulverulent. The not unfrequent spermogones have the sterigmata
simple, short, with straight spermatia 5-6 I-' long, scarcely 1 I-' thick.
Crombie (Grevillea vii. 142 (1879)) has suggested that Lecanorafarinaria
Borr. Engl. Bot. Suppl. t. 2727 (1832) is synonymous with this species,
but an examination of the specimens quoted scarcely bears out his
statement.
Hab. On peaty ground, not unfrequently on stumps of dead firs,
rarely incrusting mosses, from upland to alpine situations.-Distr.
General and cOly-mon in Great Britain, no doubt also in Ireland, very
abundant on the Grampians; not seen from the Channel Islands.­
B. M. Epping Forest, Essex; Ightham, Kent; New Forest, Hants;
Dartmoor, Devon; North Wootton Common, Norfolk; near Buxton,
Derbyshire; Lickey Hills, Worcestershire; Cader Idris, Merioneth;
Long Mynd, Arcoll Hill, and Stiperstones Hill, Shropshire; Parkgate,
Cheshire; Guisboro' Moor and Ayton Moor, Cleveland, Yorkshire;
Egglestone, Durham; near Hexham, Northumberland; Pentland Hills,
near Edinbmgh l Aohosragan Hill, Appin, Argyll j Cockhill, Callander,