BRITISH LICHENS
BRITISH LICHENS
BRITISH LICHENS
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20 CYCLOCARPINEllE Ll!lClDEA<br />
age, may be broken up and warted-granular in the centre_ The<br />
apothecia, usually somewhat scattered, are occasionally confluent<br />
and difform.<br />
Hab. On peaty and gravelly soil, very rarely on naked schIstose<br />
boulders in mountainous regions.-Distr. Only in N. England, Wales<br />
and on tho Grampians, Scotland; not certainly found in Ireland,<br />
though roported from Wicklow.-B. JJf. Cader Jdns and Hhinog Fach,<br />
Merioneth ; Snowdon, CarnarvonshIrc; Farndale Moor , Yorkshire;<br />
Staveley Head, Westmorland; Teesdale, Durham; Ben Cruachan,<br />
Argyll; Ben Lawers, near Loch ErICht and CraIg Calliach, Perthshire;<br />
Lochnagar, Ben-naboord and Bcn Macdhui, Braemar, Aberdeenshire;<br />
Ben Nevis, Invernessshire.<br />
§ ii. BIATORA Fr. in Vet. Ak. Handl. ] 822, 263; NyI. in<br />
Mem. Soc. Sci. Cherb. ii. 182 (1855). (PI. 5.)<br />
Thallus very variable, at times almost obsolete. Apothecia<br />
plane or convex, brightly coloured, biatorine, partly or very<br />
rarely entirely black; asci usually 8-spored; spores simple,<br />
colourless. Spermogoncs with simple rarely septate sterigmata<br />
and straight very rarely arcuate spermatia.<br />
As distinguished from the following Sect. Eulecidea, the apothecia<br />
in Sect. Biatora are lighter in colour, especially in the early stages;<br />
in many of the species they become dark with age. The colour of the<br />
epithecium, rarely dark-brown, is never quite black. The species have<br />
been grouped as far as possible in related series, but a final arrangement<br />
except on artificial hnes IS, as yet, impracticable.<br />
17. L. clnnabarina Sommed. in Vet. Ak. Handl. 115 (1823).<br />
-Thallus eHuse, thIll, smooth or leprose-granulose, whitish<br />
(K + yellowish, CaCI-). Apothecia adnate or appressed, somewhat<br />
plane and obtusely margined, then convex and immargin<br />
ate, cinnabarine-reddish; paraphyses coherent; epithecium<br />
reddish (K + rose-coloured) ; hypothecium colourless; spores<br />
oblong or fusiform, small, 8-12 (.J. long, 2-3 (.J. thick; hymenial<br />
gelatine, especially the asci, bluish with iodine.-Cromb. in<br />
Grevillea xxii. 9.<br />
A very distmot species. readily distinguished by the oolour of the<br />
apothccia. The thallus, whICh may spread extensively, is sprinkled<br />
with whItish, pulvinate'soreilla. It is one of our rarest lichens, only<br />
two fertile British specimens havmg been gathered, though the sterile<br />
thallus may not be uncommon in the distrICt cited.<br />
flab. On the smooth bark of old stunted birches in a wooded<br />
mountainous region.-B. M. Mar Forest, Braemar, Aberdeenshire<br />
(tho only British locality).<br />
18. L .. lucida 'Ach. Meth. 74 (1803).-ThalluB eHuse, thin,<br />
leprose, rarely granulose, yellow, citrine-yellow or yellowish-green<br />
(K -, CaCl-). Apothecia minute, scattered, plane or convex,<br />
very thinly margined or immarginate, pale lemon-yellow; spores<br />
oblong-ovoid or narrowly obovate, simple, colourless, minute,<br />
4-6 (.J. long, 2-2,5 (.J. thick; hypothecium colourless; paraphyses<br />
stoutish, coherent: epithecium granulose; hymenial gelatine